Geography

  Factors Temperate Tropical Latitude 300- 600 50- 300 Originating element Frontogenesis Temperature and Coriolis force Cloud Wide range of clouds associated Generally Clumonimbus Rainfall and life Rainfall is slow. It remain in life for many days. Rain is heavy but does not last beyond few hrs. Isobars Complete circle with steep gradient V shaped … Read more DMPQ: Compare Temperate cyclone and tropical cyclone.

. Weathering processes are responsible for breaking down the rocks into smaller fragments and preparing the way for formation of not only regolith and soils, but also erosion and mass movements. Biomes and biodiversity is basically a result of forests (vegetation) and forests depend upon the depth of weathering mantles. Erosion cannot be significant if … Read more DMPQ- Briefly explain the process of weathering.

Boosting Rural Development through Agri-infrastructure Most of the perishable items are produced in the villages which remain confined to these due to the absence of road networks. The existing road and rail facilities are inadequate. Most of the areas which produce good quality fruits are still inaccessible. This coupled with the rough terrain of the … Read more DMPQ- How can the Rural Development be boosted through Agri-infrastructure?

A tsunami is a wave, or series of waves, caused by the vertical displacement of a column of water. This can be generated by earthquakes below the sea floor and violent volcanic eruptions above it, landslides above or below water or meteorite impacts into the sea. Effects of Tsunami: Affecting the mangroves, wetlands and basically … Read more DMPQ: How Tsunami affect the coastal areas?

Important glaciers of India Gangotri Gangotri Glacier is the Himalayan glacier situated in the Uttarkashi district in the Indian state of Uttaranchal. It is the largest glacier in the Garhwal Himalayas. Pindari Pindari  glacier falls in the Kumaon Himalayan Mountain range at an altitude of 3353 meters. The Glacier is is 3 km in length … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on the Important glaciers of India.

Horticulture is the branch of agriculture concerned with intensively cultured plants directly used by man for food , for medicinal purpose or for aesthetic gratification.Horticulture is the science and art involved in the cultivation, propagation, processing and marketing of ornamental plants, flowers, turf, vegetables, fruits, and nuts.   The following are the benefits attached with … Read more DMPQ: What is Horticulture? What are its advantage as a means of source of income for farmers? ( scemes)

In a penumbral eclipse, the Full Moon enters the Earth’s penumbral shadow. The light from the Earth is partially blocked, and the Moon grows dimmer. In principle, a penumbral eclipse can be a partial penumbral eclipse (with only part of the Moon in the penumbra) or a total penumbral eclipse, where the entire Moon is in the penumbra; however, … Read more DMPQ- Penumbral Eclipse

The atmosphere can be divided into five layers according to the diversity of temperature and density. (a) Troposphere :-It is the lowest layer of the atmosphere. The height of this layer is about 18 kms on the equator and 8 kms on the poles. The main reason of higher height at the equator is due … Read more DMPQ: Discuss the structure of Atmosphere.

Tropical Monsoon Tropical monsoon climates are most found in southern Asia and West Africa. A monsoon is a wind system that reverses its direction every six months. Monsoons usually flow from sea to land in the summer, and from land to sea in the winter. Summer monsoons bring large amounts of rainfall to tropical monsoon … Read more DMPQ- Differentiate between the Tropical Monsoon and Savana type of climate.

Storage of food grains in open space Normally storage in open in the form of CAP is supposed to be resorted to during peak procurement seasons. The storage in the CAP should not be more than a year with at least one turn-over of the stock every 6 months to retain the quality of the … Read more DMPQ- What are challenges faced in storage facility for Agricultural product in India?

The Peninsular plateau is flanked by stretch of narrow coastal strips, running along the Arabian Sea on the west and the Bay of Bengal on the east. The western coast, sandwiched between the Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea, is a narrow plain. It consists of three sections. The northern part of the coast is … Read more DMPQ-The Coastal Plains

An air mass is a large volume of air in the atmosphere that is mostly uniform in temperature and moisture. Air masses can extend thousands of kilometers across the surface of the Earth, and can reach from ground level to the stratosphere—16 kilometers (10 miles) into the atmosphere. The climates of most regions worldwide are … Read more DMPQ- What do you mean by Air Mass? How is it influence the local climate?

(a)Great lakes  Great Lakes of North America are a series of interconnected freshwater lakes which connect to the Atlantic Ocean through the Saint Lawrence Seaway.Consisting of Lakes Superior, Michigan, Huron, Erie, and Ontario . Superior, Huron, Michigan, Erie, and Ontario [In the order of largest to smallest].Lake Superior is the largest continental lake in the … Read more Give an account for the following: (map based questions) a) Great lakes b) Lake Baikal c) Lake Tanganyika d) Aral sea

When two large air masses meet, the boundary that separates them is called a front. Fronts represent fairly abrupt transitions between two large air masses.  This means that when two different bodies of air come together, they do not readily mix. Rather, each body of air will retain its individual properties, and a boundary forms … Read more DMPQ: What are fronts? Name the different type of fronts. (Geography)

Landslide is defined as the movement of mass of rock, debris or earth down a slope under the direct influence of gravity. It’s a natural disaster which takes place because of both natural and anthropogenic factors. Being at a great height,h imalyan region is quite prone to this disaster. Natural Factors Intensive rainfall : rainy … Read more DMPQ- What are Landslides and the causes of landslides? Map the Landslides prone area in India.

An eclipse of the Sun happens when the New Moon moves between the Sun and Earth, blocking out the Sun’s rays and casting a shadow on parts of Earth. The Moon’s shadow is not big enough to engulf the entire planet, so the shadow is always limited to a certain area (see map illustrations below). This area changes during … Read more DMPQ-What is solar eclipse? What are different types of eclipses?

The jute industries are majorly located in eastern region of the country. About 25% of the workforce are enrolled in the jute industry. 80% of the industries are in West Bengal only. The reasons for the high concentration of Jute Industries are as follows: Soil: The alluvial conditions of Eastern Bengal offer ideal environment for … Read more DMPQ- Why Jute mill Industry are located in West Bengal. Enumerate the factors.

Major irrigation projects The Lower Bhavani Project  The Lower Bhavani project was one of the British achievements in the Tamil country. For the preliminary works regarding the Lower Bhavani project that government appointed Sir. Charles Innes in 1906 as the Special Revenue Officer instructing him to report on the various aspects of the scheme. After … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on the Major irrigation projects of India.

Tides The ocean’s surface rises and falls predictably attributable to changes in gravitative forces originating from the Moon and also the Sun. These changes in ocean surface level are called tides and are proof of the influence celestial bodies wear our planet. As a result of the Sun is farther away than the Moon, the … Read more DMPQ: Explain Tide. What are different types of tides?

Rainwater harvesting is the process to capture and store rainfall for its efficient utilization and conservation to control its runoff, evaporation and seepage. Some of the benefits of rainwater harvesting are: It increases water availability It checks the declining water table It is environmentally friendly It improves the quality of groundwater through dilution, mainly of … Read more DMPQ: What do you mean by Rainwater harvesting ?

There are several reasons for this. First, the mountain topography in Karnataka is broader than the narrow topography of the Ghats in Maharashtra. Due to the greater width of the mountains, the rain bearing winds have to necessarily travel a longer distance and have more time for the drops to coalesce and precipitate as rainfall, … Read more DMPQ: Western Ghats in Karnataka receive more monsoon rainfall than Maharashtra and Kerala.Explain

The Himalayan has rendered unique climatic identity to Indian subcontinent. The role played by it is nothing less than a foster mother. It save India from the cold north east trade winds and provide tropical type of climate in the subtropical region. It is not a exaggeration to say that Indian economy is gamble of … Read more The Himalayas has played the important role of a foster mother for the Indians. Discuss.

Critical infrastructure is a term used by the governments to describe assets that are essential for the functioning of a society and economy.  The term Critical infrastructure has been widely adopted to distinguish those infrastructure elements that, if significantly damaged or destroyed, would cause serious disruptions of the dependent system or organisation.   Storm, deluge … Read more DMPQ: What are critical infrastructure? Explain with examples. ( Economy)

Tides are great bulges of water caused by the gravity of the moon and the sun. Attracted by gravity, these bulges move around the earth’s ocean, causing water level to rise and fall. There are two main tides that are higher or lower than average. They occur twice monthly and are called neap and spring … Read more DMPQ: What are tides? How they are generated ? Explain different types of tide.

Poultry is the rearing of domesticated fowl (chicken), ducks, geese, turkey and some varieties of pigeon for their meat and eggs. The specialized meat-producing poultry birds are called broilers while egg-laying poultry birds are called layers. The tremendous rise in the availability of poultry products is called Silver Revolution. Variety improvement is done by cross-breeding … Read more DMPQ: What is poultry farming? What are the desirable traits developed Obtained after cross breeding? ( Science)

Importance of North Indian Plains: Agricultural Productivity is high and it helps to sustain high population density. Plains are suitable for cereal crops and it ensures food security. Support to Food Processing Industries and FMCG companies. Cultural importance as the land is marked by Hindu cultural centres like Haridwar, Prayagraj, Ayodhya. It also represents the … Read more DMPQ- Explain the importance of North Indians Plains.

Merits: Most of the canals provide perennial irrigation. This saves the crops from drought conditions and helps in increasing the farm production. Canals carry a lot of sediments brought down by the rivers. The sediments is deposited in the agriculture fields which adds to the fertility. Some of the canals are parts of multipurpose project … Read more DMPQ: What are the merits and demerits of canal irrigation? (Geography)

Sagarmala is a series of projects to leverage the country’s coastline and inland waterways to drive port led development. It is a mammoth project with a total outlay of 8 lakh crore spread across four broad areas. Modernisation of port infrastructure Improve port connectivity Development of coastal community Create coastal economic zones   Challenges: It … Read more DMPQ: Sagarmala is an ambitious project. What is sagarmala? What are the challenges in implementation? Discuss the prospect of the project.

The factors, which affect the distribution of temperature of ocean water are as follows: Latitude: The temperature of surface water decreases from the equator towards the poles because the amount of insolation decreases pole-ward.   Unequal distribution of land and water: The oceans in the northern hemisphere receive more heat due to their contact with … Read more DMPQ- What are the factors which affect the distribution of temperature of ocean water?

Overconsumption The energy crisis is a result of many different strains on our natural resources, not just one. There is a strain on fossil fuels such as oil, gas and coal due to overconsumption – which then in turn can put a strain on our water and oxygen resources by causing pollution. Overpopulation Another cause … Read more DMPQ- What are the main Causes of the Energy Crisis?

The term irrigation efficiency expresses the performance of a complete irrigation system or components of the system. Irrigation efficiency is defined as the ratio between the amount of water used to meet the consumptive use requirement of crop plus that necessary to maintain a favourable salt balance in the crop root zone to the total … Read more DMPQ- What do you understand by the term Irrigation efficiency? Explain the different types of irrigation.

Difference Between Wildlife Sanctuary And National Park Wildlife sanctuary National Park Human activities are allowed No human activities are allowed Objective is to protect particular flora or fauna Can include flora, fauna or even any object of historical significance. Boundaries are not fixed Boundaries are fixed and are defined. Formed by the executive orders of … Read more DMPQ: Outline the difference between Wildlife Sanctuary and National Park.

Diastrophism refers to deformation of the Earth’s crust due to diastrophic movements (deforming movements) such as folding, faulting, warping (bending or twisting of a large area) and fracturing. All processes that move, elevate or build up portions of the earth’s crust come under diastrophism.  They include: orogenic processes involving mountain building through severe folding (crust is severely deformed into folds) and affecting long … Read more DMPQ- Write short note on Diastrophism.

  Cape of Good Hope, rocky promontory at the southern end of Cape Peninsula, Western Cape province, South Africa. It was first sighted by the Portuguese navigator Bartolomeu Dias in 1488 on his return voyage to Portugal after ascertaining the southern limits of the African continent. One historical account says that Dias named it Cape … Read more DMPQ-Cape of Good Hope water way

. Unlike other disasters, the damages caused by earthquakes are more devastating. Since it also destroys most of the transport and communication links, providing timely relief to the victims becomes difficult. It is not possible to prevent the occurrence of an earthquake;  hence, the next best option is to emphasis on disaster preparedness and mitigation … Read more DMPQ-Throw light on preparedness and mitigation procedure during and after earthquake disaster.

  Above the subtropical highs in the Northern Hemisphere, and below the subtropical highs in the Southern Hemisphere, winds blow from the west towards the east. These winds are thus called westerly winds, after the direction from whence the winds come. The westerlies generally blow between 30 ° and 60 ° latitude in both the … Read more DMPQ: Give an account of the following a) Westerlies b) Horse latitudes c) Doldrums d) Jet streams

The continental shelf is the extended margin of each continent occupied by relatively shallow seas and gulfs. It is the shallowest part of the ocean showing an average gradient of 1° or even less.  The shelf typically ends at a very steep slope, called the shelf break. Geographical significance: The continental shelves are covered with … Read more DMPQ-What are the continental shelf? What are their geographical significance?

Wind is caused by the uneven heating of the atmosphere by the sun, variations in the earth’s surface, and rotation of the earth. Mountains, bodies of water, and vegetation all influence wind flow patterns. Wind turbines convert the energy in wind to electricity by rotating propeller-like blades around a rotor. The rotor turns the drive shaft, which … Read more DMPQ- What is wind energy and how it is tapped? Write cons of Wind energy.

Shield Volcanoes The second type may be familiar to you from news reports from Hawaii: the shield volcano. This type of volcano can be hundreds of miles across and 10,000 feet high. A shield volcano is characterized by gentle upper slopes (about 5 degrees) with somewhat steeper lower slopes (about 10 degrees). The shield volcanoes … Read more DMPQ- Classify the volcanos based on the forms they develop.

The scheme will support farmers, PACS, FPOs, Agri-entrepreneurs, etc. in building community farming assets and post-harvest agriculture infrastructure. These assets will enable farmers to get greater value for their produce as they will be able to store and sell at higher prices, reduce wastage, and increase processing and value addition. The Centre will bear this … Read more DMPQ- Evaluate the need of Agriculture Infrastructure Fund in contemporary India.

According to the IPCC report by 2010 45% of Himalaya  will be shrinked. The rate of shrinkage is 0.5% annually. There are various reason for Himalayan shrinkage which are discussed below: Weak monsoon affecting snow accumulation Because of global warming, rise in temperature In the eastern and central Himalayan, it shows mainly during monsoon season … Read more DMPQ: Effect of climate change on Himalayan Glaciers and effect on human settlement.

A tropical cyclone is a rapidly rotating storm system characterized by a low-pressure center, a closed low-level atmospheric circulation, strong winds, and a spiral arrangement of thunderstorms that produce heavy rain. Depending on its location and strength, a tropical cyclone is referred to by different names, including hurricane, tropicalstorm, cyclonic storm, tropical depression, and simply cyclone.Tropical cyclones are named to provide ease of communication between forecasters and the … Read more DMPQ- What is cyclone? How the naming of tropical cyclone is done in Indian ocean?

Feminisation of agriculture refers to the increasing number of women in multiple roles as labourers, cultivators, farmers and entrepreneurs in agricultural sector.  According to agricultural census 2011, there has been a 24 per cent increase in the number of female agricultural labourers between 2001 and 2011, from 49.5 million to 61.6 million. Women in rural … Read more DMPQ- What do you understand by the term feminisation of agriculture? What are the reasons for feminisation of agriculture?

An earthquake is the shaking or trembling of the earth’s surface, caused by the sudden movement of a part of the earth’s crust. The majority of earthquake occur at the point junction of major tectonic plates. The highly active regions are Pacific rim belt, Alpine belt , along oceanic ridges. The distribution is summarised as … Read more DMPQ: Give an account on the Distribution of Earthquake potential zone in the world.

: The Kaladan Multi Modal Transit Transport Project was jointly identified by the India and Myanmar to create a multi-modal mode of transport for shipment of cargo from the eastern ports of India to Myanmar as well as to the North-Eastern part of India through Myanmar. This project, which will connect Sittwe Port in Myanmar … Read more DMPQ: What is Kaladan multimodal Transit project?

The Matching of Continents (Jig-Saw-Fit) The shorelines of Africa and South America facing each other have a remarkable and unmistakable match. It may be noted that a map produced using a computer programme to find the best fit of the Atlantic margin was presented by Bullard in 1964. It proved to be quite perfect. The … Read more DMPQ- . Discuss the evidences in support of Continental drift theory.

The atmosphere is made up of different types of gases, water vapors and dust particles. The composition of the atmosphere is not static. It changes according to the time and place.   Water vapor is unique in that its concentration varies from 0-4% of the atmosphere depending on where you are and what time of … Read more DMPQ: Give an account on the compositions of atmosphere. (geography)

DRAW MAP Major Iron ore reserve are in : Odisha The ores are rich in haematites.India’s richest haematite deposits are located in Barabil-Koira valley.Others: Sundargarh, Mayurbhanj, Cuttack, Sambalpur, Keonjhar and Koraput districts. Jharkhand 25 per cent of reserves.First mine in Singhbhum district in 1904.Iron ore of here is of highest quality and will last for … Read more DMPQ:Give an account about the Iron ore reserve in India.

The world is entering in the twenty-first century so that every sector of the economy should prepare itself to face the challenges of the coming century. There will be need to produce more than what is being produced and there would be greater demand for food, fiber and other commodities. The land area is limited … Read more DMPQ- Explain the importance of Farm Power.

A large section of Indian population lives in villages and is mainly engaged in agriculture. They belong to weaker section of the society. There is a definite trend of rural population migrating to the urban areas due to lack of employment opportunities, low earnings, insufficient means of transport and insanitary living conditions. The latter is … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on Rural Sanitation.