Category: Polity Booster

Personnel Law Human resource managers in the twenty-first century are faced with an unprecedented intrusion of law into the workplace. The recent rise in employment litigation and heightened awareness of employee rights in the last decade should signal to management Read More …

Speaker of the Lok Sabha The Office of the Speaker occupies a pivotal position in our parliamentary democracy. It has been said of the Office of the Speaker that while the members of Parliament represent the individual constituencies, the Speaker Read More …

Family Court It is not unknown that a gaping loophole in the Indian Judiciary is the backlog of cases. The number of cases being filed in the Supreme Court is consistently on the rise. There are cases dealing with a Read More …

State Human Rights Commission A State Commission is to be composed of a chairman and some members appointed by the Governor in consultation with the Chief Minister, Home Minister, Speaker and Leader of the Opposition in State Assembly. The chairman Read More …

New dimensions of public management NPM is a label that captures a range of reforms inspired by the idea that private sector management techniques and market mechanisms increase public sector efficiency. NPM type reforms include, for example, quantification, the introduction Read More …

Federalism Federalism, mode of political organization that unites separate states or other polities within an overarching political system in a way that allows each to maintain its own integrity. Federal systems do this by requiring that basic policies be made Read More …

Constitution of India: Foundation, characteristics Foundation of constitution Constitution is a legal document having a special legal sanctity, which sets out the framework and the principal functions of the organs of the government of a state, and declares the principles Read More …

Objectives of Indian Constitution Sovereignty By declaring us as a sovereign entity, Preamble emphasizes complete political freedom. It implies that our state is internally powerful and externally free. She is free to determine for herself without any external interference. There Read More …

Principles of Public Administration Throughout the 20th century the study and practice of public administration has been essentially pragmatic and normative rather than theoretical and value free. This may explain why public administration, unlike some social sciences, developed without much Read More …

National Commission for Backward Classes The NCBC is a body set up under the National Commission for Backward Classes Act, 1993. It has the power to examine complaints regarding inclusion or exclusion of groups within the list of backward classes, Read More …

Old Age Acts Hindus Laws Amongst the Hindus, the obligation of sons to maintain their aged parents, who were not able to maintain themselves out of their own earning and property, was recognized even in early texts. And this obligation Read More …

? Law and Rule related Administration   Administrative Law Administrative law is the body of law created by the agencies and departments of the government, which carry out the laws passed by Center or a state legislature. Read More …

?   General Defences Vis Major or Act of God When something occurs over which you have no control and it is effected of accentuated by the forces of nature then you are not liable in tort law for Read More …

? Reasonable restrictions on fundamental rights and right to property Fundamental Rights are the basic rights of the people and the charter of rights contained in Part III of Constitution of India. It guarantees civil liberties such that all Read More …

? Education Role of Education especially in Human Resource Development and Social Change. Education System in India : Problems and Issues (Including Universalization and Vocationalization). Education for Girls, other Socially and Economically and other disadvantaged sections of people and Read More …

? Civil and Criminal laws: hierarchy of civil and criminal courts in India Courts and Justice system in India The courts are divided into three categories with top court, middle court and lower court. The top court is named Read More …

? Free and Compulsory primary education The Indian Constitution is a social document and the supreme law of the land. The founding fathers of the Constitution have incorporated a well designed constitutional manifesto under Part-IV of the Constitution to Read More …

? Nepotism Nepotism describes a variety of practices related to favoritism; it can mean simply hiring one’s own family members, or it can mean hiring and advancing unqualified or under-qualified family members based simply on the familial relationship. The Read More …

? BUDGETARY REFORMS     Government bodies raise money by imposing taxes on citizens and then use those funds to pursue various programs such as education, defence, infrastructure and research and development. A government’s budget describes all of its Read More …

? Changes in Administrative structure during British period In the beginning, the Company left the administration of its possessions in India in Indian hands, confining its activities to supervision. But soon found `that British aims were not adequately served Read More …

? National and state SC/ST commission National SC commission National Commission for Scheduled Castes (NCSC) is an Indian constitutional body established with a view to provide safeguards against the exploitation of Scheduled Castes to promote and protect their social, Read More …

? Right To Service     Delivering public services in a time bound, decentralised and citizen friendly manner has been one of the major challenges facing the administration wing of the government.   Right to Public Services legislation in Read More …

? Basics of recruitment, selection, induction, training & development Recruitment (hiring) refers to the overall process of attracting, shortlisting, selecting and appointing suitable candidates for jobs (either permanent or temporary) within an organization. Recruitment can also refer to processes Read More …

? EXECUTIVE–ITS ACCOUNTABILITY TO PARLIAMENT RELATION OF PARLIAMENT WITH THE EXECUTIVE One of the most important questions which engaged the attention of the framers of the Constitution was the nature of the Executive and its relation with Read More …

? River water dispute settlements board The Inter-State River Water Disputes are one of the most contiguous issues in the Indian federalism today. In the extreme cases, it may hamper the relationship between the different states. The recent cases Read More …

? Ethical and moral values in governance The notion of “Good Governance” has become the buzzword these days in wake of globalization. Good governance is commonly described as a style of governance that is efficient, effective, responsive, corruption free Read More …

? Citizen Centric Governance   The “key word” to be used in this is the “citizens engagement” in the various phases of the service definition, development, refining and monitoring, and the whole concept of user-centric services is based on Read More …

? Transparency International and Accountability Transparency International (TI) is an international non-governmental organization which is based in Berlin, Germany, and was founded in 1993. Its nonprofit purpose is to take action to combat global corruption and prevent criminal activities Read More …

? The Role of the Media and Investigative Journalism in Combating Corruption Media reporting in general, and especially investigative journalism by affiliated or independent journalists, or indeed non-governmental organisations (NGOs), are among the most important sources of public awareness-raising Read More …

? Self Help Groups (SHGs) and Civil Society in India The Self Help Groups (SHG) initiative was adopted by India several decades ago in order to alleviate poverty, and improve women’s ability to achieve rights and well-being. At the Read More …

? Ideal of service Upanishads and the ideal of Service The Upanishadic Ideal of service is based on the concepts of Truth, Dharma and Yajna. Without comprehending these three concepts we cannot understand what we have come to recognise Read More …

?   Introduction The Indian Judiciary plays an increasingly important role in the life and the governance of this country.. Recently CJI as the master of the roster with the sole prerogative to determine which Bench of Read More …

? Charities The practice of charity means the voluntary giving of help to those in need, as a humanitarian act. There are instances in India, of great men, who gave their all to the cause of charity. One such Read More …

? Central Information Commission (CIC)   The Central Information Commission is a high-powered independent body which inter alia looks into the complaints made to it and decides the appeals.   The Central Information Commission (CIC) set up under the Read More …

? SARVA SHIKSHA ABHIYAN IN UTTARAKHAND   In a federal setup like India, strategy for realizing development has to be formulated and implemented at State level within the contours of National framework. Uttarakhand accounts for 1.69 per cent of Read More …

? Politician and Civil Servant Relations It is an era of welfare states. Gone are the days when states were either instruments of tyranny or mere custodians of law and order. Nowadays the states not only protect and restrain Read More …

? Criminal misappropriation Criminal misappropriation takes place when the possession has been innocently come by, but where, by a subsequent change of intention, or the knowledge of new fact with which the party was not previously acquainted, the retaining Read More …

? Social Welfare Programmes of India Social Welfare sector is responsible for the welfare, rehabilitation and development of the Persons with Disabilities, the Social Deviants, and the Other Disadvantaged who require special attention of the State because of the Read More …

? Law and order law and order refers to demands for a strict criminal justice system, especially in relation to violent and property crime, through stricter criminal penalties. These penalties may include longer terms of imprisonment, mandatory sentencing, three-strikes Read More …

? CONTRACTS AND CONSUMER PROTECTION A consumer contract is a legally binding agreement between you and the consumer concerning the sale of goods or the supply of services. Elements of a Contract Offer An offer is a promise to Read More …

?   Role of Women and Women’s Organization   Role of Women Historical data signified that women have many role in civilisation since ancient time and these roles are changing over the period. In a society, status of people Read More …

? Sailent features of Representation of Peoples act People are the supreme power in the democratic country. Accordingly the People of India solemnly resolved that India is a democratic country. As we know that the India is a largest Read More …

? State Politics of Rajasthan: Party System, Political Demography, Different phases of Political competition in Rajasthan       The state with an area of 3, 42,239sq.km is divided into two types of constituencies- – the Parliamentary Constituency and Read More …

? Women, Minorities, Backward classes, Differently-abled persons, and children in India Women, minorities, backword classes, differentially abled people and children are the vulnerable section of the society. Women due to tradition  and patriarchy (male sex considered to be superior Read More …

? New developments in criminal laws The Criminal Law (Amendment) Bill 2018 The Lok Sabha has passed the Criminal Law (Amendment) Bill 2018 that proposes to enhance punishment for rape of a child. The Bill provides for death penalty Read More …

? Enabling legislations, financial and procedural incentives, and business opportunities for investors Today, economy of India is the seventh largest in the world by nominal Gross Domestic Product (“GDP”) and third largest by purchasing power parity and the annual Read More …

? Lokpal and Redressel of Citizens grievances:- Introduction: The central theme of democracy is that the ruler is accountable to the rules of all sorts of activities and policies. This has arisen due to the fact that the modern Read More …

?   Employment and Development: Human Resource Management and Human Resource Development and its indicators in India. Nature, types and Problems of Unemployment in India. Employment Schemes and Programmes both of Union Government and Uttarakhand Government. Rural Development and Read More …

? Principles of Natural Justice The term “Principles of Natural Justice”, derived from the expression „Jus Natural” of the Roman Law, does not have force of law as they may or may not form part of statute but they Read More …

? Empowerment of the Depressed class through religion and education Empowerment of the Depressed class through education View of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar about Education “It is the education which is the right weapon to cut the social slavery and Read More …