One Point Solution for JPSC Preparation
These principles reflect the ideology of socialism. They lay down the framework of a democratic socialist state, aim at providing social and economic justice, and set the path towards welfare state. They direct the state: To promote the welfare of the people by securing a social order permeated by justice— social, economic and political—and to … Read more
If Parliament is pillar of democracy , lok sabha and Rajya sabha are founding stone of that pillar. They are the law making bodies which keep the democracy in vibrancy and healthy state. But lok sabha surpasses rajya sabha in terms of check on executive because of the following reason. A money bill can be … Read more
The Badami Chalukya era was an important period in the development of South Indian architecture. The kings of this dynasty were called Umapati Varlabdh and built many temples for the Hindu god Shiva. Their style of architecture is called “Chalukyan architecture” or “Karnata Dravida architecture”. Nearly a hundred monuments built by them, rock cut (cave) … Read more
The scheme “Upgrading the Skills and Training in Traditional Arts/Crafts for Development (USTTAD) was launched in May, 2015. “Shilp Utsav” component of the scheme has been implemented through ”National Minorities Development and Finance Corporation (NMDFC) to provide support to minority craftsmen/ artisans for marketing their products. The Ministry has also engaged Knowledge Partners viz. National … Read more
India’s geographical location of it being in tropical zone make it potent solar energy power house. As per Ministry of New and Renewable Energy or MNRE with about 300 clear and sunny days in a year, the calculated solar energy incidence on India’s land area is about 5000 trillion kilowatt-hours (kWh) per year. Solar Energy … Read more
The contribution of Mughals to the art of painting was remarkable. The foundation for the Mughal painting was laid by Humayun when he was staying in Persia. He brought with him two painters – Mir Sayyid Ali and Abdal Samad to India. These two painters became famous during Akbar’s reign. Akbar commissioned the illustrations of … Read more
The National Sample Survey Organization (NSSO), since its inception in 1950, does the measurement of employment/unemployment in India. The National Sample Survey Organization (NSSO) provides three different estimates of employment and unemployment based on different approaches used to classify an individual’s activity status. These are : Usual status approach with a reference period of 365 … Read more
A fissure vent, also known as a volcanic fissure or eruption fissure, is a linear volcanic vent through which lava erupts, usually without any explosive activity. The vent is often a few meters wide and may be many kilometers long. Chinook : It is a local winds in steppe region. On the eastern slopes of the Rockies in Canada and U.S.A. a … Read more
The standing committees are permanent and regular in nature. They are constituted from time to time according to the provisions of an Act of Parliament or Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business. Both the Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha have a standing committee of their own. Functions of Standing Committees One of the … Read more
Atomic minerals are the most important among non-fossil energy resources. They are found in the slate rocks of the pre-Cambrian (Archean Schist) and Dharwar periods in India. Uranium and Thorium are major minerals for the production of atomic energy. Uranium is mined directly whereas for thorium is obtained mainly from monazite and limonite. Thorium is … Read more
. The Amravati school of Art evolved during Satavahna period. This school of art developed at Amravati, on the banks of the Krishna River in modern Andhra Pradesh. It is the site for the largest Buddhist stupa of South India. The stupendous stupa could not withstand the ravages of time and its ruins are preserved … Read more
The British government, not prepared to part with or even share its power with the Indians, once again resorted to the policy of ‘carrot and stick’. The carrot was represented by the insubstantial Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms, while measures such as the Rowlatt Act represented the stick. The reforms had many drawbacks: Franchise was very limited. The … Read more
Ramanuja: Born in A.D. 1166 in a small town near Chenni (Madras), Ramanuja was a worshipper of Vishnu and preached Vaishnavism. He had a great following in the South. Ramananda: The greatest preacher of this cult in north India was Ramananda. He discarded all caste distinctions and his disciples belonged to all castes. Kabir: … Read more
Financial inclusion is the pursuit of making financial services accessible at affordable costs to all individuals and businesses, regardless of net worth and size, respectively. Financial inclusion strives to address and proffer solutions to the constraints that exclude people from participating in the financial sector. It is also called inclusive financing. Government has launched various … Read more
An expedition, to promote the maritime heritage of India and spread awareness about Coastal Security amongst the coastal communities in Maharashtra, was launched by the Indian Navy on 05 January 2020 from the Naval Dockyard, Mumbai. The expedition extends from Arnala fort, Northernmost fort of Maharashtra to Sindhudurg fort, the southernmost fort of Maharashtra, covering … Read more
Contract farming is a kind of system in which bulk purchaser enters into contract with farmers. It includes agro- processing, exporting and trading units. They purchase a specified quantity of any agricultural commodity at pre agreed price. Sponsor provides all kind of production support to the contracted farmers. This include extension service also. … Read more
East India company took away part of Indian resources and wealth and in reciprocity they offer no return. This continuous drain made India Impoverished . The major component of drain of wealth was home charges: Home charge is the expenditure carried out by company before 1858 and by British government after 1858 . It includes … Read more
India was under the British rule where parliament form of government was in operation. Even during the course of the freedom movement, people of the country got familiarized with the principles of parliamentary government. Further a charm for giving priority to responsibility over stability was another reason. The constitutional makers wanted to avoid heroic worship … Read more
Indian constitution is rightly said is a perfect blend of rigidity and flexibility as it cannot be amended by simple majority as in the case of Britain but similarly it is not that difficult as in the case of US Constitution. There are three ways through which constitution can be amended: By simple majority: Some … Read more
Chronic NCDs comprise diabetes, high and low blood pressure, cancer, chronic respiratory problems, mental disorders and cardiovascular diseases. Malnutrition and infection at early age prevalent in poor are important triggers for NCDs. Low literacy and inadequate information among people are the main cause for non- awareness about these chronic diseases. Status of burden of Non … Read more
The Renaissance was a fervent period of European cultural, artistic, political and economic“rebirth” following the middle Ages. Generally described as taking place from the 14th centuryto the 17th century, the Renaissance promoted the rediscovery of classical philosophy,literature and art. The Causes of Renaissance are: Rise of Intellectualism. Reintroduction of classical works. The invention of the … Read more
India law regulates employment of children. Children below 14 cannot work in any occupations except as a child artist and in a family business. 2) Adolescents between 14 and 18 are prohibited from working in any hazardous or dangerous occupation and processes. 3) Adolescent can only work in certain government declared non-hazardous occupations, … Read more
The characteristics of Peasant movement were: Movements were localised in character and did not leave and successor. The revolts were against the zamindars and money lenders. Unlike Tribal uprising the movements were not against the British colonialism and their exploitative policy. The revolts were characterised by hindu Muslim unity. Pre mutiny the movements were highly … Read more
. 74th amendment has a provision that says every metropolitan area shall have a metropolitan planning committee to prepare a draft development plan. The state legislature may make provisions with respect to the following: The composition of such committees; The manner of election of members of such committees; The representation in such committes of the … Read more
Industrial revolution changed the entire economy of British. Though it was majorly an economic phenomenon, it greatly affected the social and political life of the countries it was prevalent in. The impact of IR can be categorised as follows: Social: Migration of people to industrial towns. These towns converted into cities. Excessive migration led … Read more
: To provide an assured income support to the small and marginal farmers, Government is launching a historic programme namely “Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN)”. Under this programme, vulnerable landholding farmer families, having cultivable land upto 2 hectares, will be provided direct income support at the rate of Rs 6,000 per year. This income … Read more
RBI thus has certain quantitative and qualitative tools through which it manages liquidity and they are as follows: Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) Every bank has to retain a certain percentage of its demands and time liabilities in cash with the RBI which can be raised by the RBI to drain out excess liquidity or reduced … Read more
The fundamental principles that will guide both the education system at large, as well as the individual institutions within it are: • recognizing, identifying, and fostering the unique capabilities of each student, by sensitizing teachers as well as parents to promote each student’s holistic development in both academic and non-academic spheres; • according the highest … Read more
It will lead to sustainable mining sector development in future. It will address the issues of project affected persons especially those residing in tribal areas. The new changes include the focus on make in India initiative and Gender sensitivity in terms of the vision. It also focuses on use coastal waterways and inland shipping for … Read more
Judicial Reforms Cornwallis introduced some significant reforms in the sphere of judicial administration and tried to complete the unfinished work of Warren Hastings. During his period number of revenue districts was reduced from 35 to 23 in the Presidency of Bengal. The collector was the head of the district. In 1787 district courts were presided … Read more
Groundwater contamination is the adulteration of water because of the increase in the concentration of certain pollutants. The major pollutants contributing to contamination are Arsenic, fluoride, Iron, uranium , nitrate etc. Causes of groundwater contamination are: Natural: Groundwater naturally contains high amount of pollutant due to geological formation. For example occurrence of fluoride is related … Read more
Article 323 A and 323 B of the constitution empowers parliament and state legislature to establish tribunals. Although the tribunals have reduced the burden of cases on High courts, they are facing some issues: Lack of infrastructure and man power availability. These tribunals do not have power to enforce the decree. Now aggrieved party … Read more
Uranium is one of the fissile material which is used for power generations. But All isotopes are not categorised as fissile. The certain minimum standards have to be met to qualify as fissile material: It should be able to sustain the chain reaction. It should have a high probability of fission when bombarded with slow/fast … Read more
NASA had announced that it will launch a space probe called Dragonfly on an ambitious mission to Saturn’s moon Titan. It will be launched in 2026 and arrive in 2034. It will mark the first time that NASA will fly a multi-rotor vehicle for science on another planet. It will be having eight rotors and … Read more
Commercialisation of Indian agriculture. Changed the nature and structure of agriculture A new class of landlords emerged that rented the land to farmers. Class of Moneylenders became the part of agriculture which destroyed the self sustained village unit. Loss of patronage to handicraft industry added another pressure on Indian land. Support from the ruling … Read more
ACCREDITED SOCIAL HEALTH ACTIVIST (ASHA) One of the key components of the National Rural Health Mission is to provide every village in the country with a trained female community health activist ASHA or Accredited Social Health Activist. ASHAs are not trained to provide comprehensive reproductive (delivery of baby), maternal and new-born care. They have several … Read more
Establishment of Some More Agencies Apart from Food Corporation of India, some more agencies should be set up for ensuring rational prices of other agricultural products and also for procuring other agricultural products. In the meantime the government has already set up Cotton Corporation and Jute Corporation, which needs to be further strengthened. Extension of … Read more
Apart from Telugu, Vijayanagara rulers extended their patronage to Kannada and Sanskrit writers as well. Many Jain scholars contributed to the growth of Kannada literature. Madhava wrote Dharmanathapurana on the fifteenth tirthankara. Another Jain scholar, Uritta Vilasa, wrote Dharma Parikshe. The Sanskrit works of the period include Yadavabhyudayam by Vedanatha Desika and Parasara Smriti Vyakhya … Read more
This fiery female leader in Indian freedom struggle gets often compared with Rani Laxmibai for her courageous acts during the days of freedom fighting. At a tender age of 16, she began a movement against the British imperialism demanding end of colonial rule and resurgence of Zeliangrong religion and Naga self-rule. The British administration captured … Read more
The development of small scale industrial sector has been one of the major planks of India?s economic development strategy since independence. India accorded high priority to this sector from the very beginning and pursued support policies to make these enterprises viable and vibrant. Despite numerous protection and policy measures for the past so many years … Read more
Local self government is the govt. at the grass root level which looks after the administration at the local level. It give representation to the local people and possess fairly large measure of autonomy , raising atleast a part of its revenue locally and spending it on activities that are considered local. Significance: Provide foundation … Read more
The Indian textile industry has a significant presence in the economic life of our country. It is the second largest textile industry in the world after China. The textile industry contributes about 14% to the country’s industrial output and about 17% to export earnings. After agriculture, this industry is the second largest employer in India … Read more
A Non-Banking Financial Company (NBFC) is a company registered under the Companies Act, 1956 engaged in the business of loans and advances, acquisition of shares/stocks/bonds/debentures/securities issued by Government or local authority or other marketable securities of a like nature, leasing, hire-purchase, insurance business, chit business but does not include any institution whose principal business is … Read more
Reform strategies include Alternative financing (user-fees, health insurance, community financing, private sector investment); Institutional management (autonomy to hospitals, monitoring and management by local government agencies, contracting); Public sector reforms (civil service reforms, capacity building, productivity improvement); and Collaboration with the private sector (public/private partnerships, joint ventures).
Earth’s core is the very hot, very dense center of our planet. The ball-shaped core lies beneath the cool, brittle crust and the mostly-solid mantle. The core is found about 2,900 kilometers (1,802 miles) below Earth’s surface, and has a radius of about 3,485 kilometers (2,165 miles). Planet Earth is older than the core. When … Read more
Tsunami is a Japanese word for “Harbour wave”. They are also known as seismic sea waves. They are very long-wavelength water waves in oceans or seas. They are commonly referred to as tidal waves because of long wavelengths, although the attractions of the Moon and Sun play no role in their formation. They sometimes come … Read more
. The reforms had many drawbacks: Franchise was very limited. The electorate was extended to some one-and-a-half million for the central legislature, while the population of India was around 260 million, as per one estimate. At the centre, the legislature had no control over the viceroy and his executive council. Division of subjects was not … Read more
Fundamental rights are enshrined in Part III of the Indian constitution. They are essential for the holistic development of the society and as well as individual. They are the foundational values which provide India a secular and democratic platform. But the rights are not absolute in nature. FR’s are subjected to reasonable restriction on the … Read more
The main achievements of Green Revolution may be summarized as under: The production and productivity of wheat, rice, maize, and bajra has increased substantially. India has become almost self-sufficient in the matter of staple foods. The double cropped area has increased; thereby intensification of the Indian agriculture has increased. In the areas where Green Revolution … Read more
The delimitation commission or boundary commission of India is a commission established by the government of India under the provisions of the delimitation commission Act. The main task of the commission is redrawing the boundaries of the various assembly and Lok Sabha constituencies based on a recent census. The representation from each State is not … Read more