An overview of Jharkhand Horticulture

                     JHarkhand with its diverse agro-climatic conditions is much suited for the development of Horticulture based economy with ample scope of growth. The state of Jharkhand may be divided into six horticultural sub zones as far as the ecological specialties and suitability of different horticultural crops … Read more   An overview of Jharkhand Horticulture

Meaning of Inclusive growth and development policy and strategy during 11th and 12th Five Year Plans.

Inclusive Growth is economic growth that creates opportunity for all segments of the population and distributes the dividends of increased prosperity, both in monetary and non-monetary terms, fairly across society.Indian Plans after the independence were based on the downward infiltration theory, which failed to bring equitable growth to all the sections of the Indian society. … Read more Meaning of Inclusive growth and development policy and strategy during 11th and 12th Five Year Plans.

The Rise of the Magadhan empire

  In the sixth country B.C. North India was divided into sixteen kingdoms out of which Avanti, Vatsa, Kosala and Magadha rose into prominence by aggrandizing upon other weaker states.These four states involved themselves in internecine quarrel in which Magadha emerged as the most powerful state and acquired mastery in the political domain of India. … Read more The Rise of the Magadhan empire

IFoS(IFS) Written Examination – Conventional (essay) type Paper 1 is General English- 300 marks Paper 2 is General Knowledge – 300 marks Paper 3 and 4 are of optional 1 each of 200 marks(total 400) Paper 5 and 6 are of optional 2  each of 200 marks(total 400) thus written total for ifs (ifos) is … Read more

Reasons for the growth of militant nationalism

Disillusionment of the nationalists with moderate policies The moderates thought that the British could be reformed from within Politically conscious Indians were convinced that the purpose of the British rule was to exploit India economically The nationalists realized that Indian industries could not flourish except under an Indian government Disastrous famines from 1896 to 1900 … Read more Reasons for the growth of militant nationalism

Political Status & Political Identity Of Jharkhand

  Self governance was the basis of the social union among the Adivasis in Jharkhand. Kingship developed amongst the Adivasis as a result of the necessity to protect their natural and livelihood resources from alien predations and to pay taxes to more powerful emperors. The kings would appoint someone from amongst their kin to be … Read more Political Status & Political Identity Of Jharkhand

Jharkhand :An Historical Introduction

Jharkhand which came into being on 15 November 2000 as the 28th State of The Union is the homeland of the tribal’s for which they had been dreaming for Centuries. According to legend. Raja Jai Singh Deo of Orissa had declared himself the ruler of Jharkhand in the 13th century. It largely comprises forest tracks … Read more Jharkhand :An Historical Introduction

 Insolation,heat budget of the earth

    The ultimate source of atmospheric energy is in fact heat and light received through space from the Sun. This energy is known as solar insolation. The Earth receives only a tiny fraction of the total amount of Sun’s radiations. Only two billionths or two units of energy out of 1,00,00,00,000 units of energy … Read more  Insolation,heat budget of the earth

Aquatic Zones

  Aquatic systems are not called biomes, The major differences between the various aquatic zones are due to salinity, levels  of dissolved nutrients; water temperature, depth of sunlight penetration.   Fresh Water Ecosystem-Fresh water ecosystem are classified as lotic (moving water) or lentic (still or stagnant water).   Marine Ecosystem- Estuaries-Coastal bays, river mouths and … Read more Aquatic Zones

MENSURATION

  Mensuration is the branch of mathematics which deals with the study of different geometrical shapes, their areas and Volume. In the broadest sense, it is all about the process of measurement. It is based on the use of algebraic equations and geometric calculations to provide measurement data regarding the width, depth and volume of a … Read more MENSURATION

JPSC Prelims Notes for Economic Concepts and Indian Economy

Basic Features of Indian Economy (I) National Income ; Elementary concepts of national Income and methods of its calculation e-g,GDP, GNP, NDP, NNP, CSDP. NSDP, DDP at constant and current prices, at factor cost etc; (II) Inflation : Concept control of inflation : monetary, fiscal and direct measures. (III)Demographic features : Work force composition, demographic … Read more JPSC Prelims Notes for Economic Concepts and Indian Economy

Cultural Achievements of the Pallavas

Civilization and Culture of the Pallavas The Pallava rule formed a golden epoch in the cultural history of south India. The period under the Pallavas was marked by considerable literary activities and cultural revival. The Pallavas warmly patronized Sanskrit language and most of the literary records of the time were composed in that language. Due … Read more Cultural Achievements of the Pallavas

Pollution Problems

  The State of Jharkhand: Environmental Concerns The word Jharkhand connotes an area of land covered with forests. The word Jharkhand has been derived from the Sanskrit word, Jhari Khanda the ancient name depicting the regions’ dense forest. Thus, naturally as well as symbolically, the states’ very existence is associated with forests. Another remarkable aspect … Read more Pollution Problems

Non Alignment Movement

  One of the basic tenets of our foreign policy has been non-alignment. As an element of foreign policy non-alignment m e a n s i n d e p e n d e n t o f b l o c s , peaceful coexistence, global peace, disarmament, struggle against all manifestations of injustices … Read more Non Alignment Movement

New economic Reforms-Liberalization, Privatization and Globalization, rationale and need for reforms

Impacts of Privatization Privatization in generic terms refers to the process of transfer of ownership, can be of both permanent or long term lease in nature, of a once upon a time state-owned or public owned property to individuals or groups that intend to utilize it for private benefits and run the entity with the aim of … Read more New economic Reforms-Liberalization, Privatization and Globalization, rationale and need for reforms

FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT – STAFFING    

  Staffing refers to the managerial function of employing and developing human resources for carrying out the various managerial and non-managerial activities in an organisation. This involves determining the manpower requirement, and the methods of recruiting, selecting, training and developing the people for various positions created in the organisation.   Staffing function is an integral … Read more FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT – STAFFING    

Soil types

    Soil is one of the most important non-renewable basic resources on the earth surface. Therefore greater attention has been paid through out the world to study the soils, their distribution and extent, behavior, potentials and problems and their suitability for sustained use for different purposes. Jharkhand state lies between 21o 58’2” to 25o … Read more Soil types

Origin of the Monsoon:

  Classcial Theories: Halley’s Thermal concept: Indian monsoon is because of contrast between Indian Subcontinent and adjoining Indian Ocean. Halley’s theory, suggested in 1686, considers the summer monsoon to be a regional phenomenon. Aerological concept: This was suggested by R. Scherhag in 1948. According to this theory, monsoon circulation develops due to changes in air … Read more Origin of the Monsoon:

Major Monuments of Ancient Period for JPSC (Jharkhand) Prelims and Mains Examination

  1.   Udaygiri Caves     During Chandragupta’s reign at Vidisha, M.P.     2.   Angorwatt Temples     Suryavarman Ii     3.   Vikramashila University     Pala King Dharampala     4.   Kailash Temple (Ellora)     Rashtrakuta king Krishna I     5.   Dilwara Temple     … Read more Major Monuments of Ancient Period for JPSC (Jharkhand) Prelims and Mains Examination

Natural Hazards : Floods, Droughts, Cyclones, Landslides

  Natural Hazards of India Disaster A disaster is a sudden, calamitous event that seriously disrupts the functioning of a community or society and causes human, material and economic or environmental losses that exceed the community’s capacity to cope using its own resources. Vulnerability + Hazard =Disaster Vulnerability- it is defined as the diminished capacity of … Read more Natural Hazards : Floods, Droughts, Cyclones, Landslides

Population, environment and development

  The rapid pace of population growth has led to the excessive utilization of natural resources. Huge population also leads to huge production of wastes. The resultant outcomes are loss of biodiversity, pollution of air, water and soil and increased pressure on arable land. All these have been putting great stress on the environment. If … Read more Population, environment and development

Morley-Minto Reforms, 1909 and Growth of Communalism

Morley-Minto Reforms, 1909 Increased the number of elected members in the Imperial Legislative Council and the provincial council However, most of the elected members were elected indirectly The reformed councils still enjoyed no real power, being merely advisory bodies. Introduced separate electorates under which all Muslims were grouped in separate constituencies from which Muslims alone … Read more Morley-Minto Reforms, 1909 and Growth of Communalism

Peasant Uprisings

Many dispossessed peasants took to robbery and dacoity. Indigo Revolt of 1859-60 By the end of 1860 indigo cultivation was virtually wiped out from the districts of Bengal A major reason for the success of the Indigo revolt was the tremendous initiative, cooperation, organization and discipline of the ryots. Another was the complete unity among … Read more Peasant Uprisings

ESTUARY ECOSYSTEM

  located where river meets the sea. the most productive water bodies in the world The complete salinity range from 0-35 ppt is seen from the head (river end) to the mouth (sea end) of an estuary Coastal lakes which have their connection with the sea through small openings are better known as lagoons or … Read more ESTUARY ECOSYSTEM

Government schemes for the benefit of the farmers of the Jharkhand

Some of the government schemes for the benefits of the farmers in Jharkhand are: Single Window Platform-> Jharkhand has become the first state in India to launch a single-window facility for farmers. Kisan Suvidha App-> It is a free mobile application that provides weather forecasts for the next five days, besides information on prices of … Read more Government schemes for the benefit of the farmers of the Jharkhand

General Studies- Paper 3 (Coaching Class Notes in Hindi)….????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???????- ????? ???? ??????? (?????) ?? ????

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Read moreGeneral Studies- Paper 3 (Coaching Class Notes in Hindi)….????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???????- ????? ???? ??????? (?????) ?? ????

Damodar & Suberna rekha valley projects

  The Damodar River is a tributary of the Hugli River. It flows more or less in the west to east direction through Jharkhand and West Bengal. Its total length from its source in the hills of Chota Nagpur plateau in Jharkhand to its confluence with Hugli in West Bengal is about 541 km, half … Read more Damodar & Suberna rekha valley projects

Antiquity and stratification of the Vedic literature; Society, economy and religion during Early (Rig-Vedic) period.

Although the Rig Veda deals with devotional work of religious nature, yet it gives a vivid picture of the early Vedic civilization. The Vedic Civilization is best understood from the social life, political organisation, economic life and religious beliefs. The Kula or family was the basic unit of Rig-Vedic society. The Kula was headed by … Read more Antiquity and stratification of the Vedic literature; Society, economy and religion during Early (Rig-Vedic) period.

Social Reforms Movements in Muslim Community: Wahabi Movement & Aligarh Movement

Social Reforms Movements in Muslim Community: Wahabi Movement & Aligarh Movement   The Muslims reformers in India launched many religious movements. Some tried to revive the religion and other tried to reform the religion. During the 19th century religion reforms movement were on the peak. Movements like Deoband Movement, Ahamadiya movement, Aligarh Movement;Wahabi Movement has … Read more Social Reforms Movements in Muslim Community: Wahabi Movement & Aligarh Movement

Minerals and Energy Resources : Distribution and utility of [a] metallic minerals (ion ore, copper, bauxite, manganese)

  Mineral is a naturally occurring, homogeneous inorganic solid substance having a definite chemical composition and characteristic crystalline structure, color, and hardness Minerals are valuable natural resources that are finite and non-renewable. The history of mineral extraction in India dates back to the days of the Harappan civilization. The wide availability of minerals in the … Read more Minerals and Energy Resources : Distribution and utility of [a] metallic minerals (ion ore, copper, bauxite, manganese)

Classification of Eco-system

  Natural Ecosystem- Terrestrial- Forests, Grasslands, Deserts Aquatic- Fresh Waters, Saline Waters, Marine Waters Ecotone :- a zone of junction between two or more diverse ecosystems. For e.g. the mangrove forests represent an ecotone between marine and terrestrial ecosystem. Characteristics of Ecotone It may be very narrow or quite wide. It has the conditions intermediate … Read more Classification of Eco-system

Remote sensing- GIS and its application

    Remote Sensing Remote sensing is the acquisition of information about an object or phenomenon without making physical contact with the object and thus in contrast to on-site observation. In current usage, the term “remote sensing” generally refers to the use of satellite- or aircraft-based sensor technologies to detect and classify objects on Earth, … Read more Remote sensing- GIS and its application

Rajasthan: Economics and Finance for ras(rts) exam of rpsc

Rajasthan Mineral Policy  2015 Rajasthan may put about 400 small size mining leases of minerals like granite,marble and quartz under the hammer in 2015 as it looks to expand its area under mining as well as increase revenue. 9% of total mineral production in the country, is also exploring joint ventures (JV) with multi national companies (MNCs) to … Read more Rajasthan: Economics and Finance for ras(rts) exam of rpsc

Export Import (EXIM) Policy  of India  

Export Import Policy or  Exim Policy or Foreign Trade Policy is a set of guidelines and instructions related to the import and export of goods. Various Objectives of Exim Policy are :- To facilitate sustained growth in exports from India and import in India. To stimulate sustained economic growth by providing access to essential raw … Read more Export Import (EXIM) Policy  of India  

Structure, relief and physiographic divisions

  Three Geological divisions: The peninsular block The Himalayas and other Peninsular Mountains Indo-Ganga-Brahmaputra Plain   Peninsualar block is made of gneisses (metamorphic) and granites (igneous). Six physiographic divisions: The Northern and North-eastern Mountains The Northern Plain The Peninsular Plateau The Indian Desert The Coastal Plains The Islands Northern and North-Eastern Mountains Approximate length of … Read more Structure, relief and physiographic divisions

PROFIT & LOSS

Profit and loss   IMPORTANT FACTS Cost Price: The price, at which an article is purchased, is called its cost price, abbreviated as C.P.   Selling Price: The price, at which an article is sold, is called its selling prices, abbreviated as S.P.   Profit or Gain: If S.P. is greater than C.P., the seller is said to have … Read more PROFIT & LOSS

Buddhist Councils for JPSC (Jharkhand) Prelims and Mains Examination

I Buddhist Council   500 BC at   Ajatsataru .   Record the Buddha’s sayings (sutra) and codify     Rajgaha   Presided by   monastic rules (vinaya). Rajgaha is today’s         Mahakasyapa   Rajgir II Buddhist Council   383 BC at   Kalasoka   The conservative schools insisted on monastic   … Read more Buddhist Councils for JPSC (Jharkhand) Prelims and Mains Examination

The History of Licchavis

  The Lichchhavis (also Lichchavi, Licchavi) were an important member of the Vajjian confederacy. The early Indian traditions describe the Lichchhavis as Kshatriyas. Scholars reject the theory of foreign origin of the Lichchhavis on the strength of these traditions. But they were degraded to the status of fallen Kshatriyas due to their championship of non-Brahmanical … Read more The History of Licchavis

TYPE OF SETTLEMENT OF INDIA

Settlement can be defined as any form of human habitation which ranges from a single dwelling to large city. The word settlement has another connotation as well as this is a process of opening up and settling of a previously uninhabited area by the people. In geography this process is also known as occupancy. Settlements … Read more TYPE OF SETTLEMENT OF INDIA

Tsunamis

      A tsunami is a very long-wavelength wave of water that is generated by sudden displacement of the seafloor or disruption of any body of standing water. Tsunami are sometimes called “seismic sea waves”, although they can be generated by mechanisms other than earthquakes. Tsunami have also been called “tidal waves”, but this … Read more Tsunamis

Famous Inscriptions

  Inscription King Aspect Junagarh Rock Rudradaman (Saka) Sanskrit. Says that a dam on the sudarshana lake was constructed by Pushyagupta a governor of Chandragupta Maurya Allahabad Pillar Samudragupta Sanskrit. Composed by Harisena Aihole Inscription Pulakeshin II Mentions Harsha defeat by Pulakeshin II. Composed by Ravikriti Vishnuvardan son of King. Gwalior Inscription Bhoja Most famous … Read more Famous Inscriptions

Mazor policies of Jharkhand

  SHG Nurturing and Capacity Building Program: Since 2005, Diya Seva Sansthanis supported by District Rural Development Agency (DRDA), Ranchi to promote this feasible initiative. Under this activity so far, 500 SHGs were formed and strengthened at 51 villages of Kanke block in Ranchi district in Jharkhand. The women of these SHGs belong to the … Read more Mazor policies of Jharkhand

Current Affairs October- for RAS(RTS) Exam of RPSC

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India in the Eighteenth Century

Bahadur Shah 1 (1707-12) Muzam succeeded Aurungzeb after latter’s death in 1707 He acquired the title of Bahadur Shah. Though he was quite old (65) and his rule quite short there are many significant achievements he made He reversed the narrow minded and antagonistic policies of Aurungzeb Made agreements with Rajput states Granted sardeshmukhi to … Read more India in the Eighteenth Century

Synopsis of NCERTS

  Introduction Indian national movement: One of the biggest. Inspired many others. Gandhian Political Strategy very important. Elements of Gandhian Strategy can be seen in the Solidarity Movement in Poland by Lech Walesa WHY IS THE INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT UNIQUE In the Indian national movement, the Gramscian perspective of war of position was successfully practiced. … Read more Synopsis of NCERTS

NATIONAL INCOME

National Income The study of National Income is important because of the following reasons: To see the economic development of the country. To assess the developmental objectives. To know the contribution of the various sectors to National Income. Internationally some countries are wealthy, some countries are not wealthy and some countries are in-between. Under such … Read more NATIONAL INCOME

Economic Growth, Development & Planning 

  Economic Growth Economic growth means an increase in real GDP. This increase in real GDP means there is an increase in the value of national output / national expenditure. Economic growth is an important macro-economic objective because it enables increased living standards and helps create new jobs. Measurement of Economic Growth Economic growth is … Read more Economic Growth, Development & Planning 

Water Resources : Availability

  Water is a prime natural resource, a basic human need and a precious national asset. Planning, development and management of water resources need to be governed by national perspectives. India accounts for about 2.45 per cent of world’s surface area, 4 per cent of the world’s water resources and about 16 per cent of … Read more Water Resources : Availability

Socio-Religious Reformers & their Organizations

                Atmiya Sabha (1815) Raja Rammohun Roy Brahmo Samaj (1828) Raja Rammohun Roy. Tattvabodhini Sabha (1839). Later merged with Mahrishi Devendranath Tagore. Brahmo Samaj in 1842   Indian national Social Conference M.G. Ranade Harijan Sevak Sangh Mahatma Gandhi Satya Shodhak Samaj (1873) Jyotirao Phule (fight caste oppression) Shri … Read more Socio-Religious Reformers & their Organizations

GRASSLAND ECOSYTEM

  found where rainfall is about 25-75 cm per year, not enough to support a forest, but more than that of a true desert. vegetation formations that are generally found in temperate climates. In India, they are found mainly in the high Himalayas. The rest of India’s grasslands are mainly composed of steppes and savannas. … Read more GRASSLAND ECOSYTEM