Polity

Article 5 made certain persons as Indian citizens at the time of the commencement of Indian Constitution. The first condition to be an Indian Citizen is of „domicile? i.e. a person has domicile in the territory of India. The term „domicile? has not been defined in the Indian Constitution. „Domicile? means the place where a … Read more DMPQ: Explain the provisions for Citizenship in Indian Constitution.

The ‘1857 revolt’ forced the British Government to introduce changes in the structure of army. Several steps were taken to minimize, if not completely eliminate, the capacity of Indian soldiers to revolt. The domination of army by its European branch was carefully granted through raising the proportion of Europeans to Indians and was fixed at … Read more DMPQ: What were the changes brought by British in the administrative structure after the revolt of 1857?

Educational empowerment Top Class Education for ST Students This is a Central Sector Scholarship Scheme for ST students introduced from the academic year 2007-08 with the objective of encouraging meritorious ST students for pursing studies at Degree and Post Graduate level in any of the Institutes identified by the Ministry of Tribal Affairs for the … Read more DMPQ: Write a short note on the policies and programs for Scheduled Tribes of India

Apart from the services under the respective state governments, the Constitution has made special provision for the constitution of all-India services as a service common to the Union and the states. Article 312 of the Constitution makes specific provision for the creation of the all-India services by parliament if the council of states has declared … Read more DMPQ: Mention the objectives for the formation of all-India services in India.

Types of Government Interaction in e-governance. G2G: Government to Government  G2C:Government to Citizen  G2B: Government to Business G2E:Government to Employee   G2G (Government to Government): When the exchange of information and services is within the periphery of the government, is termed as G2G interaction. This can be both horizontal, i.e. among various government entities and vertical, … Read more DMPQ: Mention the Types of Government Interaction in e-governance.

During the post-colonial period, the framers of the Indian Constitution envisaged a uniform civil code governing the personal laws in the country and thereby incorporated Article 44 in Part IV of the Indian Constitution in furtherance of the Directive Principles of State Policy. Thereby, making it incumbent on the state to secure for the citizens … Read more DMPQ: What is the jurisdiction of Lokpal in India?

During the post-colonial period, the framers of the Indian Constitution envisaged a uniform civil code governing the personal laws in the country and thereby incorporated Article 44 in Part IV of the Indian Constitution in furtherance of the Directive Principles of State Policy. Thereby, making it incumbent on the state to secure for the citizens … Read more DMPQ: Examine the contitutional provisions for Uniform Civil Code .

Facilitating investments Investor Facilitation Cell established to provide primary support for all investment queries and for providing handholding and liasioning services to investors Dedicated Japan Plus Cell established to facilitate and speed up investment proposals and augment economic ties between India and Japan Dedicated desk established to facilitate and speed up investment proposals and augment … Read more DMPQ: Critically examine the Central Government Initiatives for Ease of doing business.

The Commission shall perform all or any of the following functions, namely:- inquire, suo motu or on a petition presented to it by a victim or any person on his behalf [or on a direction or order of any court], into complaint of violation of human rights or abetment thereof; or negligence in the prevention … Read more DMPQ: What are the functions of the National Human Right Commission?

The Articles under Part III of the constitution of India relating to the Fundamental rights which try to uplift the status of women and provide equal 130  opportunities for women irrespective of sex are stated below : Article 14 of the Constitution All persons including women are equal in the eyes of the law and … Read more DMPQ: What are the constitutional provisions for the protection of women in India.

  It has not been conceived on the principle of equality of the houses. It is the secondary chamber of state legislature unlike the Rajya sabha which is the second house of the parliament.   It cannot amend or reject a bill passed by the assembly by the virtue of its own legislative powers at … Read more DMPQ: Comment on the relevance of State Legislative Council. (Polity)

These were laid down by the Supreme Court in a judgment in 1997. This was on a case filed by women’s rights groups, one of which was Vishaka. They had filed a public interest litigation over the alleged gang-rape of Bhanwari Devi, a social worker from Rajasthan. In 1992, she had prevented the marriage of … Read more DMPQ: What are vishakha guidelines? ( Acts)

Law commission is neither a constitutional nor a statutory body. It is truly an ad hoc and advisory body whose work is to do research and make recommendations for law reforms such as amendments and updations of prevalent and inherited laws. None of these recommendations are binding on the government. Composition of the law commission … Read more DMPQ: What is law commission? Outline its importance. (Polity)

This doctrine originated under the US constitution, like the theory of separation of power its objective is also to secure the liberty of the people and limit the authority of the government. Its inclusion in the constitution is an acknowledgement of the fact that it is not desirable to have a clear severance of the … Read more DMPQ: What is the doctrine of check and balances? (Polity)

The Law Commission of India, in its 228th Report, had recommended prohibition of commercial surrogacy by enacting a suitable legislation. The statement of objects and reasons of the Bill says “Due to lack of legislation to regulate surrogacy, practice of surrogacy has been misused by the surrogacy clinics, which leads to rampant of commercial surrogacy and unethical … Read more DMPQ: Recently, loksabha passed the surrogacy(regulation ) bill. Discuss the features of the bill. (Acts/Bills)

An important feature of the constitution is the Directive Principles of State Policy. Although the Directive Principles are asserted to be “fundamental in the governance of the country,” they are not legally enforceable. Instead, they are guidelines for creating a social order characterized by social, economic, and political justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity as enunciated … Read more DMPQ: Write a critical essay on basic assumptions and utilities of the directive principles of state policy as provided by the Constitution of India.

  1)     the provisions is codified into a single legal document. Provisions means the schedule, parts, articles are clearly defined in a single article. 2)     It is a enacted constitution. It has been brought into existence by a body especially designed for this. Like Constituent assembly in the case of India. 3)     Constitution … Read more DMPQ: What are the characteristics of a written constitution?( Polity)

According to a study there are atleast one million cases are pending in 6 High courts. The average life span of such cases is 3-10 years. The possible reasons for the delay and pendency of cases are: Overloading of cases. Economic and commercial cases are usually complex, require economic expertise in their handling and disposal, … Read more DMPQ: What are the possible reasons for the delay and pendency of cases in courts?( Polity)

India law regulates employment of children. Children below 14 cannot work in any occupations except as a child artist and in a family business.   2) Adolescents between 14 and 18 are prohibited from working in any hazardous or dangerous occupation and processes.   3) Adolescent can only work in certain government declared non-hazardous occupations, … Read more DMPQ: Outline the provisions of Child labour( Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 2016?( Acts)

Political parties cannot come under the RTI as they are not public authorities.  According to RTI act the public authorities are those which are formed by constitution, parliament statue or bodies created by notification or order of the appropriate government, such as planning commission, UIDAI etc. Since political parties do not full fill any of … Read more DMPQ: Political parties should not be under the ambit of RTI. Do you agree with the statement? Give suggestions in support of your answer.(Acts)

Tools:   President speech is put to vote. Financial control: Budget discussion Audit report submission by CAG Reports of the estimates committee and Public accounts committee Other form of control: Question hour Calling attention motion Short discussions Zero hour No confidence motion Confidence motion Committee on assurances Committee on subordinate legislation      

Both Lokpal and Lokayukta are characterised by the following features:   (1) They, in fact, are the institutions of Indian administrative system. Their fundamental duty is to make the public administration of India free from corruption.   (2) These two institutions are impartial. When they are called for performing any duty they will discharge it … Read more DMPQ:Explain the proposed office of Lokpal in the law and his jurisdictions in India

Articles 233 to 237 in Part VI of the Constitution make the following provisions to regulate the organization of subordinate courts and to ensure their independence from the executive . Articles 233 to 237 in Part VI of the Constitution make the following provisions to regulate the organization of subordinate courts and to ensure their … Read more DMPQ: Explain the structure of the subordinate courts and their constitutional basis in India.

rigging of election and booth capturing use of caste and religion in election Misuse of official machinery Criminalization of politics Maintenance and auditing of accounts by political parties is not fully transparent RTI not applicable to political parties Effect of pressure groups Misuse of mass and social media (fake news) Communalism Low voter turnout

While 2.84 crore cases are pending in the subordinate courts, the backlog clogging the High Courts and Supreme Court (SC) is 43 lakh and 57,987 cases, respectively. It means near about 3.5 cr cases are pending. This pendency of cases has huge cost on the economy as well as social sector. All these are taking … Read more DMPQ: Pendency of cases in courts is a serious problem. Discuss the possible ways for addressing this issue.

Supreme Court of India launched a public access portal of the National Judicial Data Grid (NJDG) for district courts to demystify the judicial process for the ordinary citizen.   National Judicial Data Grid (NJDG) is a part of the on-going e-Courts Integrated Mission Mode Project. The public access portal will disseminate national, state, district and … Read more DMPQ: National Judicial data grid

  Appointment of governor. Reservation of bill by governor for President assent. Allegation of use of central agency to serve political vendetta. Appointment of civil servants and Management of All India services. Control over finance. Role of planning commission now NITI aayog in approving state subjects. Appointment of enquiry commissions against the chief minister. Control … Read more DMPQ: What are the areas of concerns in centre and state relationship?

Procedure for amendment is laid down in article 368 part XX of the Indian constitution.  Following is the procedure for the amendment of the constitution: Amendment of the constitution can be initiated only by the introduction of a bill in either of the house. State legislature cannot introduce a bill for CA. The bill must … Read more DMPQ: What is the amendment procedure in Indian Constitution?

Corporate governance is the system, principles and group of procedure through which company is governed. It is sum of those principles , ideal values and code which inspire an institution to behave morally and with transparency.   Importance of CG: It is helpful in the increment of transparency, accountability and relevance. To discuss policies among … Read more DMPQ: What is corporate governance? What are the importance of corporate governance? (polity)

  FR’s are not absolute in nature. Except Fundamental rights guaranteed under Articles 20 and 21 remaining Fundamental rights can be suspended during operation of National Emergency. Available against the arbitrary action of the state. FR’s are generally negative in character. Can be amended provided they amendment do not affect the basic structure of the … Read more DMPQ: Discuss the nature of Fundamental rights. (polity)

British Constitution: Parliamentary government, Rule of Law, legislative procedure, single citizenship, cabinet system, prerogative writs, parliamentary privileges and bicameralism. US Constitution: Fundamental rights, independence of judiciary, judicial review, impeachment of the president, removal of Supreme Court and high court judges and post of vice-president.   Irish Constitution: Directive Principles of State Policy, nomination of members … Read more DMPQ: What are the features borrowed from various constitution?

Mahila-e-haat:  It’s an online marketing platform for women. Beneficiary- All Indian women citizens more than 18 years of age and women SHGs.  It’s an initiative for meeting aspirations and need of women entrepreneurs which will leverage technology for showcasing products made/manufactured/sold by women entrepreneurs It has been set up with an investment of under Rs.10 … Read more DMPQ: Give an account of the following( Schemes) a) Mahila e-haat b) Sakhi-one stop centres c) Ujjwala scheme

 SAKAAR:  Sakaar is Indian Space Research Organisation’s (ISRO) Augmented Reality (AR) application designed for Andriod devices. The application consists of 3 Dimensional (3D) models of Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), RISAT, indigenous rockets such as PSLV, GSLV Mk-III etc.     PRAGATI:   PRO-ACTIVE GOVERNANCE AND TIMELY IMPLEMENTATION, Addressing common man’s grievances, and simultaneously monitoring and reviewing … Read more DMPQ: Give an account of the following a) SAKAAR b) PRAGATI c) Aspirational district programme

Reasons: Low police officials to population ratio Insensitivity of police towards weaker sections. Women and Dalits are poorly represented in the police personnel. Changing dynamics of crime eg cyber-crime, digital frauds. Corruption in the police system. Lack of civilian trust. Politicization and allegiance towards ruling party. Lack of technological capabilities necessary to perform quality investigations. … Read more DMPQ: Police must develop smart tactics to address the changing nature of violence. Why police is in the need of the reforms? ( Governance/polity)

Article 323 A and 323 B of the constitution empowers parliament and state legislature to establish tribunals. Although the tribunals have reduced the burden of cases on High courts, they are facing some issues:   Lack of infrastructure and man power availability. These tribunals do not have power to enforce the decree. Now aggrieved party … Read more DMPQ: What are the issues attached with the functioning of tribunals? (Polity)

Benami transactions refer to those transactions in which the real beneficiary of the transaction and the person in whose name the transaction is made are different, specifically transactions relating to properties. The property is held by one person while the payment for purchasing the property is made by another.   Effect on economy: Loss of … Read more DMPQ: What is benami transactions? How it affects the economy? Discuss the provisions of the Benami transactions amendment act? (Acts)

NGO are non- interest groups who work for political and social cause. In an IB report some NGO’s are accused of stalling the economic growth in the name of environmental protection.   NGO’s association lead to stalling of projects. They stage a protest against the ongoing projects. Example Narmada dam, sardar sarovar dam and kundankulam … Read more DMPQ: The NGO’s sponsored by corporates and foreign bodies are working for the interests of their sponsors and negatively impacted GDP growth of 2-3% as per the recent claims by IB report. In what way NGO’s are creating hurdle to economic growth? ( Polity)

  Sluggish peace of work Shoddy implementation Corruption of the executive agencies Deficient institutional management Siphoning of funds Defalcation by intermediaries and middlemen Procedural wrangles Non utilisation and diversion of funds Ritualistic monitoring of programme Indifference towards community mobilisation Delayed payment of wages Fake or ghost jobs Targeted beneficiaries are not even aware about the … Read more DMPQ: NREGA had been projected as the world largest public works project for the generation of jobs. The scheme was well intentioned but had its own set of problems. Discuss the issues with NREGA. ( Scheme evaluation)

The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009 This act is an embodiment of  Article 21-A, which says that every child has a right to full time elementary education of satisfactory and equitable quality in a formal school which satisfies certain essential norms and standards. Article 21-A and the RTE Act … Read more DMPQ: What are the provisions of RTE acts? ( Acts)

1) An Indian Education Service (IES) should be established as an all India service with officers being on permanent settlement to the state governments but with the cadre controlling authority vesting with the Human Resource Development (HRD) ministry.   2) The outlay on education should be raised to at least 6% of GDP without further … Read more DMPQ: what are the highlights of New education policy ( Policies)

All rural households in rural areas, whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work eligible. Job card under the act is the right of every rural household wiling to work on NREGA and applies for it,   Choice of works done through village level plans and 50% or more of work to be executed … Read more DMPQ: Salient features of NREGA act. ( ACT)

Coalition is a reality in a diverse country like India. Initially it was seen as a hurdle but Indian political system has done well to cope up with the demerits of Coalition system.  Although different party have varied ideology but they have certain minimum commonalities like removing poverty and unemployment. Here are the ways through … Read more DMPQ: Coalition is a reality and can’t be avoided in Indian context. Suggest the ways for coalitions to work. (Polity)

According to a study 1 in 3 women worldwide have experienced either physical or sexual intimate partner violence or non- partner sexual violence in their lifetime.  Hence to deal with such gross crime DVA was passed in 2005.  The features of the act are as follows: It is a civil law aimed at providing a … Read more DMPQ: Discuss the features of Domestic violence act? Do you think Domestic violence act has been a successful affair? (Acts)

Democracy success depends upon the conduct of free and fair elections. Hence electoral reforms is must to ensure a vibrant democracy. Reforms are itself dynamic in nature. The electoral reforms can be grouped as under: Reforms to cleanse the electoral system Debarring criminally tainted politicians from contesting , fast track courts and special courts Checking … Read more Electoral reforms in a democracy is a continuous process. In light of this statement suggest some electoral reforms. ( Polity)

Supreme court of India in its judgement rightly stated that it is only education which gives a human being the power to discriminate between right and wrong, good or bad. Hence educational criteria is valid criteria.  The states under article 246(3) can make laws to enable the functioning of self -government. The benefits attached with … Read more Should there be educational criteria for contesting elections? Critically analyse( Polity)

Cooperative federalism, also known as marble-cake federalism, is a concept of federalism in which national, state, and local governments interact cooperatively and collectively to solve common problems. But having cooperative federalism is a difficulty in  India. There are various challenges to cooperative federalism: Centralising provisions, which weigh heavily on spirit of cooperation. Eg art 3, … Read more DMPQ: What is cooperative federalism? What are the challenges to cooperative federalism?

Competitive federalism make states a competitive unit which provides a package of services and fiscal environment that attracts more resources. It is akin to market place system.   Benefits of CF: Promotes innovation Better services to citizens Place emphasis on continuous reforms Discipline state fiscally Best suited to deal with the pressures of globalisation Harmonisation … Read more DMPQ: What is competitive federalism? Comment on its demerits and merits

Local self government is the govt. at the grass root level which looks after the administration at the local level. It give representation to the local people and possess fairly large measure of autonomy , raising atleast a part of its revenue locally and spending it on activities that are considered local. Significance: Provide foundation … Read more DMPQ: What is local self government? What is the significance of local self government?( Polity)

Gram sabha is defined in the constitution under article 243b. It is the primary body of the panchayati Raj system.  It is the sabha of electorate. Functions of Gram Sabha: Considers the annual budget of the Panchayat. Consider the annual admin report of the panchayats Consider proposal for enhancement of taxes and fresh taxation In … Read more DMPQ: What is gram sabha? Write down its functions and challenges faced by gram sabha? ( Polity)

The draft legislation is based on the 2010 report SudhaKaul Committee, and will replace the Persons with Disabilities Act, 1995.  The act was brought to comply with the UN Convention on Rights of Persons with Disabilities, to which India became a signatory in 2007. The 1995 Act recognised 7 disabilities – blindness, low vision, leprosy-cured, … Read more DMPQ: Discuss the salient features of Rights of person with disabilityact. (Acts)