Polity

The standing committees are permanent and regular in nature. They are constituted from time to time according to the provisions of an Act of Parliament or Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business. Both the Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha have a standing committee of their own.   Functions of Standing Committees One of the … Read more DMPQ: What is standing committee? Write down its function.

Article 263 of the constitution provides for the establishment of an Inter-State Council (ISC).  The Commission under the Chairmanship of Justice R. S. Sarkaria in its report in 1988 recommended that:   A permanent Inter-State Council called the Inter Governmental Council (IGC) should be set up under Article 263.  The IGC should be charged with … Read more DMPQ: What is Interstate Council? Significance of Interstate council.

The ‘Transformation of Aspirational Districts’ programme aims to quickly and effectively transform districts. The broad contours of the programme are Convergence (of Central & State Schemes), Collaboration (of Central, State level ‘Prabhari’ Officers & District Collectors), and Competition among districts driven by a mass Movement. With States as the main drivers, this program will focus … Read more DMPQ: . Aspirational district programme.

Constitutional Provision:   Article 85 of the constitution only requires that there should not be a gap of more than six months between two parliamentary sessions.   Parliamentary Convention: Parliament meets for three sessions in a year:   The Budget session which is held towards the beginning of the year   A three-week Monsoon session (July-August) … Read more DMPQ: . What are the constitutional provisions for Parliamentary session? Recently there has been delay in calling up of winter session of parliament, Discuss the consequence of such scenario?

The Members of Parliament Local Area Development Scheme (MPLADS) was launched on 23rd December, 1993. Initially, Ministry of Rural Development was the Nodal Ministry for this scheme. In October, 1994 this scheme was transferred to the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation. Salient features of the scheme are: It is a centrally plan scheme. Funds … Read more DMPQ: Member of Parliament Local Area Development Scheme.

Tribunals are established as per appropriate statutory provisions and are observed as an alternative medium to the conventional judicial bodies for the redressal of grievances and settling disputes. A tribunal, in a plain language, is a. body of administrative character that has been powered with judicial powers to adjudicate one question of law or fact … Read more DMPQ: What are tribunals? Discuss the issues attached with tribunals.

The Ministry of Finance, Government of Indi had set up a dedicated fund called Nirbhaya Fund in 2013, for implementation of initiatives aimed at enhancing the safety and security for women in the country. • It is a non-lapsable corpus fund. • Various schemes and programmes, related to security of women, are being implemented under … Read more DMPQ: Write a note on Nirbhaya Fund

: At the national level the Act was enacted on  September 20, 1994. This act came into force in the year 1996. It was amended in 2003 to improve regulation of technology capable of sex selection. The main purpose of enacting the PC & PNDT(prohibition of Sex Selection) Act, 1994 has been to: o Ban … Read more DMPQ: What is Pre conception and pre natal diagnostic techniques Act, 1994?

None Of The Above (NOTA) is a ballot option designed to allow the voter to indicate disapproval of all of the candidates in a voting system.It was introduced in India following the 2013 Supreme Court directive in the People’s Union for Civil Liberties v. Union of India judgment.However, NOTA in India does not provide for … Read more DMPQ: What is NOTA System? How it is beneficial for India? (POLITY)

Contempt of Court Contempt of court refers to any actions which defy a court’s authority, cast disrespect on a court, or impede the ability of the court to perform its function. It is divided as: Civil Contempt Under Section 2(b) of the Contempt of Courts Act of 1971, civil contempt has been defined as wilful … Read more DMPQ:What is contempt of court? What are the issues related to contempt of court? ( POLITY)

The imprisonment of a person with the aim of preventing them from committing further offences or of maintaining public order. The grounds for Preventive detention are: * Security of state. * Maintenance of public order. * Maintenance of supplies and essential services and defence. * Foreign affairs or security of India. Preventive detention is not … Read more DMPQ: What is Preventive detention? Do you think preventive detention is in sink with the democratic principles? (POLITY)

NGOs are legally constituted organizations, operate independently from the government and are generally considered to be “non-state, non-profit oriented groups who pursue purposes of public interest”.   Why banned: Many of them were found to be violating some provision of the act in some manner, for example Greenpeace India was banned for exceeding the cap … Read more DMPQ: Government of India in the recent past has banned many NGOs both domestic and Indian firm. Why they were banned? What is the benefit for India in banning these NGO’s?

from the government and are generally considered to be “non-state, non-profit oriented groups who pursue purposes of public interest”. The primary objective of NGOs is to provide social justice, development and human rights. NGOs are generally funded totally or partly by governments and they maintain their non-governmental status by excluding government representatives from membership in … Read more DMPQ: What are NGO’s? How India Benefitted from NGO’s?

Nagaraj and others vs Union of India and others, 2006 was judgement passed against in the case of petition filed against the constitutional validity of &77, 81, 82 and 85 amendment act. 77 CAA- inserted clause 4A in article 16( equality of opportunity in matters of public employment; reservation in promotion) 81 CAA- inserted clause … Read more DMPQ: What is Nagaraj judgement? Discuss in detail. (POLITY)

Indian Judicial system. A plea bargain is an agreement in a criminal case in which a prosecutor and a defendant arrange to settle the case against the defendant. Plea bargaining was introduced through the Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, 2005.   The defendant agrees to plead guilty in exchange for some agreement from the prosecutor as … Read more DMPQ: . Write a short note on plea bargaining?( POLITY)

Benami transaction are one of the major source for parking the unaccounted wealth by the individuals and firms. Strong laws will help to curb the menace of benami transaction and hence the black money and eventually corruption. It was one of the step taken by the Govt. to deal with the issue of corruption.  The … Read more DMPQ: What are the significance of passing the Benami transactions( prohibition) act, 2016? ( ECONOMY)

Ans4: Procedure Established by Law It means that a law that is duly enacted by legislature or the concerned body is valid if it has followed the correct procedure. Following this doctrine means that, a person can be deprived of his life or personal liberty according to the procedure established by law. So, if Parliament … Read more DMPQ: What do you understand by the term due process of law and procedure established by law? (POLITY)

The benami (without a name) transaction refers to property purchased by a person in the name of some other person. The person on whose name the property has been purchased is called the benamdar and the property so purchased is called the benami property. The person who finances the deal is the real owner. Therefore, … Read more DMPQ: What is benami transaction? What are the key provisions of the Benami Transactions ( Prohibition) Amendment act, 2016? (ECONOMY)

Gram Nyayalaya is a mobile court and exercises the powers of both Criminal and Civil Courts; the seat of the Gram Nyayalaya will be located at the headquarters of the intermediate Panchayat, but they will go to villages, work there and dispose of the cases. The Gram Nyayalaya are supposed to try to settle the … Read more DMPQ: Write a short note on Gram Nyayalayas (POLITY)

It is one of the components of ADR (Alternative Dispute Resolution) systems.  This concept of the settlement of disputes through mediation, negotiation or arbitration is conceptualized and institutionalized in the philosophy of Lok Adalat. It involves people who are directly or indirectly affected by dispute resolution. This system is based on Gandhian principles.   Powers … Read more DMPQ: What are lok adalats? Write down the Powers of lok adalats? What are the advantages of lok adalats? (POLITY)

.   It is one of the reform in our judicial system.  The E-Courts Project was conceptualised on the basis of “National Policy and Action Plan for Implementation of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the Indian Judiciary – 2005” submitted by e-Committee of the Hon’ble Supreme Court of India. The e-Courts National portal also provides training … Read more DMPQ: Write short note on e-court project. (POLITY)

.  Preamble represent the core theme of the constitution. Preamble is the most precious part of the constitution. It is the proper yardstick with which we can measure the worth of the constitution. It is based on the objective resolution adopted by constituent assembly. Whether preamble is a part of constitution or not was firstly … Read more DMPQ: Preamble is a part of the constitution or not. Comment

Article 123 of the constitution grants power to President to promulgate ordinance if he/she feels conditions are necessary for a law, provided the parliament is not in session.   SO it is a extraordinary power which shall be utilised in rare situation. The concerns raised against the ordinance is that its frequent use and repromulgation … Read more DMPQ: Do you think ordinance is a source of concern and it should be removed from our constitution? (Polity)

  It will help to reduce the expenditure incurred in conducting elections.  Cost of holding simultaneous election as reckoned by  the election commission is way less than holding independently. Always in electioneering mode entails another costs. Our PM rightly said that how frequent elections and campaigns hurt the federal structure as leaders were “forced to … Read more DMPQ: Recently Prime Minister advocated for simultaneous elections for Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha and local bodies. Discuss the points in favour of conduction simultaneous elections. (Polity)

Electoral Bonds have been proposed as a way of reforming election funding in the Union Budget 2017. Electoral bonds will be issued by a notified bank for specified denominations. Those who want to donate to a political party, can buy these bonds by making payments digitally or through cheque. Then they are free to gift … Read more DMPQ: What are electoral bonds? Discuss the concerns associated with electoral bonds. (Polity)

  Amending the Constitution to effect simultaneous elections would fundamentally alter its democratic and federal character. a disdain for the parliamentary system and the federal arrangement Logistics costs involved is very highly: Need heavy deployment of security officials and staffs Even current elections are conducted in multiple phase to dela with the varying geographical locations. … Read more DMPQ: On Papers Simultaneous elections seems good but implementation of it entails large arrays of problems. Discuss the points against conducting simultaneous elections. (Polity)

  Opaqueness in the governance architecture of Judiciary. The basis of selection of judges is still under the sheet of secrecy. Judiciary is not under RTI. This also reduces the quotient of transparency. Power of contempt of court make judiciary omnipotent and even a rational and constructive criticism is avoided by the public. There are … Read more DMPQ: What are the causes of corruption in Judiciary? (Polity)

With 140 countries abolishing the death penalty, the death penalty has become archaic in nature. The continuing of death penalty is not in accordance with the modern principles. The major reasons against the death penalty are: There are no empirical evidence which suggest that capital punishment act as a major deterrence. It is impossible to … Read more DMPQ: Is death penalty justified in current scenario? (Polity)

Indra Sawhney case vs Union of India was a judgement came in 1992. It assess the amendment made in the article 16 of the constitution and the executive order of the Narsimha govt. to grant 10% reservation to economically weaker section. Article 16(4) was inserted which stated that state can make provisions for the backward … Read more DMPQ: What in Indra sawney case? Explain its provision and comment on its relevance. ( Polity)

Lateral entry in civil services means recruiting personnel from the pool other than the civil service cadre and promotional cadre officers. Second administrative reforms commission, Surendra nath committee and hota committee advocated lateral entry into civil services. Advantages of lateral entry: Growing complexity in governance field like finance, administration, health etc requires specialisation in the … Read more DMPQ: What is lateral entry in civil services? Present a case for lateral entry.

Coalitions have advantages of greater representation and restraining the government from changing policy suddenly and randomly, permitting policy stability. It helps to fuse the regional aspiration with the national government thereby diluting the sub-regionalism. It prevent authoritarianism of a single majority party rule. It can prevent the undue constitutional crisis like emergency. It helps to … Read more DMPQ: What are the advantages of having a coalition government in India?

The process for the appointment of judges lies at the heart of an independent judiciary. The Second Judges’ case of 1993 led to the formation of a collegium of high-ranking judges which has since then identifying persons for appointment to the SC and high courts. While the collegium began with a desire for judicial independence, the recent … Read more DMPQ: Independence, impartiality and fearlessness of judges are not private rights of judges but citizen’s rights. Ultimately judicial legitimacy/ power rests on people’s confidence in courts. In this context discuss the concerns with the collegium system. (POLITY)

The parliamentary control over government and administration in India is more theoretical than practical. In reality, the control is not as effective as it ought to be. The following factors are responsible for this: (a) The Parliament has neither time nor expertise to control the administration which has grown in volume as well as complexity. … Read more DMPQ: . Parliamentary control on government and executive is on decline. Do you agree with the statement. (POLITY)

President rule can be imposed under article 356 in the event of constitutional breakdown of the state.  After invocation of the article, the state comes under the direct control of the central government. Executive authority us exercised through governor, who has the authority to appoint retired civil servants or other administrators to assist him. In … Read more DMPQ: Discuss the provisions under article 356. (POLITY)

NEET stands for national eligibility cum entrance test to enable students to get admission to MBBS and BDS. The sole entrance examination is a progressive step as it will: Create a uniform examination criteria across nation. There was continuing decline in the creditability of the state competitive examination. Help to prevent the capitation fee system … Read more DMPQ: Supreme court order made NEET the country’s sole medical entrance examination through which all medical colleges run by central and state governments. Do you agree with the SC order. (Polity)

Liberate CBI from political interference:Lokpal should be allowed to decide cases which CBI takes up; CBI to report to Lokpal for investigation of such cases; Lokpal can supervise and oversee CBI. Substitute archaic DPSE act by new CBI act; clearly re-defining the role, jurisdiction and legal powers of CBI. Criminal culpability for political interference. More … Read more DMPQ: CBI autonomy is under serious crisis. Suggest the possible solutions to address the issue. (Polity)

The main objective of the 73rd Constitutional amendment act was to give wider representation and make the citizen at the grass root level a partner in decision making. Educational qualification criteria affects the representative objective as it make more than 60% of the candidates non eligible. The major reasons against the provisions are as follows: … Read more DMPQ: Do you think educational qualification should be the criteria for fighting panchayat elections? (POLITY)

Types of audits   Product audit– An examination of a particular product or service (hardware, processed material, software) to evaluate whether it conforms to requirements (that is, specifications, performance standards, and customer requirements).   Process audit– A verification that processes are working within established limits. It evaluates an operation or method against predetermined instructions or … Read more DMPQ: What are the Different types of Audit?

Civil Society and Political movement in India   India is a civilized country with rich cultural heritage. With the advent of the Britishers, western values entered in this society. There was a conflict between the modernity and age old traditional values. While some blindly followed the modern life of the west, revivalists like Dayananda and … Read more DMPQ: Write an Essay on Civil Society and Political movement in India.

  The act increased the number of additional or non-official members in the legislative councils. Hence representation was increased both in Central legislative councils and State provincial council. The members were given the right to ask the questions on budget or matters of public interest but they had to give 6 days prior notice. It … Read more DMPQ :Discuss the provisions of the government of India Act 1892. ( History)

The scenario of parliament disruptions have increased in the last decade which made the sessions highly unproductive and lead to decline in the creditability of the parliament. Consequence. Wastage of resources and tax payer’s money. Decline in the accountability and creditability. Stalling of critical bills. Passing of bill in haste without undergoing due perusal and … Read more DMPQ :Parliament disruptions have undermine the credibility of parliament. Comment on the consequences of the political disruptions and present a way forward to address the issue. ( polity)

It was a new development strategy developed in the early 1980’s. This term was coined due to the failure of the state owned intervention , communist and socialist strategies across the world. Governments of the socialist or the planned economies were urged/suggested to privatise and liberalise, to sell off state-owned companies and eliminate government intervention … Read more DMPQ: . What is Washington consensus? (Polity)

while a proclamation of emergency is in operation, the parliament can enact laws even on the subjects enumerated under the state list. The legislature of the state are not suspended, but the distribution of the legislative powers between the union and the states is suspended for the duration of the emergency. The parliament is also … Read more DMPQ: Discuss the effects of the proclamation of emergency on the legislative relations? (Polity)

It was introduced by the 1st amendment act along with article 31B. Art 31B states that the act and regulations mentioned in the 9th schedule shall not be deemed to be void in spite of an adverse judicial pronouncement on the ground that it violates or abridges any of the Fundamental rights. Hence insertion of … Read more DMPQ: Discuss the importance of 9th schedule and why it was inserted in the constitution? (Polity)

:  with the increase in the feminisation of work force there is a need to give major attention to women farmers. As empowerment will help to amplify their position in social fabric.  The inequality in the land holding pattern can be gauged from the following statistic that only 12.8% of the total operational land holding … Read more DMPQ: Discuss the steps taken by government of India for the upliftment of women farmers. (economy)

The three defining indicators that have emerged as main components of good governance, effectively reinforcing democratic principle   Transparency and Accessibility: Transparency is described as the “characteristic of governments, companies, organisations and individuals of being open in the clear disclosure of information rules, plans, processes and actions”.   Accountability and Timelines: Administrative transparency is a … Read more DMPQ: What are the main components of good governance?

Appointment and term of office of members as per Article-316 The Chairman and other members of a Public Service Commission shall be appointed, in the case of the Union Commission by the President: Provided that as nearly as may be one-half of the members of every Public Service Commission shall be persons who at the … Read more DMPQ: Mention the Appointment and term of office of members of Public Service Commission

Delegation of powers means the powers passed on by the higher authority to the lower authority to make laws. Delegated legislation means the powers given by the legislature to the executive or administration to enact certain laws. The simple meaning of the expression “delegated expression” may be: When the function of the legislation is entrusted … Read more DMPQ: Delegated Legislation is against the ethos of democracy. Critically analyse.

NITI Aayog specialized Wings Research Wing – that will develop in-house sectoral expertise as a dedicated think tank of top domain experts, specialists and scholars.   Consultancy Wing – that will provide a marketplace of whetted panels of expertise and funding for Central and State Governments to tap into; matching their requirements with solution providers, public … Read more DMPQ: Explain the importance of the specialized wings of NITI Ayog.

We can divide the development of Hindi language in 3 stages for our understanding: Early Stages Middle Stage Modern Stage   Early Stage: This was the making time of Hindi when it was finding its root in regional Prakrit. The time can be considered form 5th century to 1300 AD. In this time   Middle … Read more DMPQ: Explain the various stages for the development of Hindi Language.