One Point Solution for JPSC Preparation
Radioactivity is a physical process. As the name implies it is the act of emitting radiation spontaneously. In simple terms if atomic nucleus is unstable and want to loose some energy, it will release energy in the form of radiations. There are several types of particles or waves that may shoot out of a radioactive … Read more
Newton’s First Law of Motion states that a body continue to be in its state of rest or of uniform motion along a straight line, unless it is acted upon by some external force to change the state (1) If no net force acts on a body, then the velocity of the body cannot change i.e. … Read more
. In March 1931, a special session of the Congress was held at Karachi to endorse the Gandhi-Irwin Pact. Six days before the session (which was held on March 29) Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru were executed. Throughout Gandhi’s route to Karachi, he was greeted with black flag demonstrations by the Punjab Naujawan Bharat Sabha, … Read more
Regionalism is defined as a feeling of loyalty to a particular part of a country and a wish for it to be more politically independent. It is not just a territorial unit but a culmination of socio-economic and political factors. Regionalism can be defined in connotations both positive and negative. Positive regionalism means love towards … Read more
The major demand by ECI are as follows: First and foremost demand is to make the demand charged expenditure on. It will provide financial independence to the ECI. The denial of Financial independence does not go well with the status of ECI. Independent secretariat for the commission A proposal has been made by the commission … Read more
The Zilla Parishad stands at the apex of the three-tier structure of the Panchayati Raj system. Generally, the Zilla Parishad consists of representatives of the Panchayat Samiti; all the members of the State Legislature and the Parliament representing a part or whole of the district; all district level officers of the Medical, Public Health, Public … Read more
This committee was created in 1964 on the recommendation of the Krishna Menon Committee. Originally, it had 15 members (10 from the Lok Sabha and 5 from the Rajya Sabha). However, in 1974, its membership was raised to 22 (15 from the Lok Sabha and 7 from the Rajya Sabha). The members are elected by … Read more
Citizens’ Charters initiative is a response to the mission for solving the problems which a citizen meets, day in and day out, while dealing with the organisations providing public services. The charter is the declaration of commitment to superiority in service to customers of the department. The citizen charter declares the standards for various services … Read more
The Constitution (Article 143) authorises the president to seek the opinion of the Supreme Court in the two categories of matters: On any question of law or fact of public importance which has arisen or which is likely to arise. On any dispute arising out of any pre-constitution treaty, agreement, covenant, engagement, sanad or other … Read more
Amaravati School represents the evolution of uniquely beautiful regional art style based on a thriving commercial and imperial system. The Amravati Stupas began about the time of Christ but the perfection of form and proportion seen in the middle phase of Amaravati as well as some of the themes continued to influence art at Nagarjuankonda … Read more
Symbiosis is a close ecological relationship or association between the individuals of two (or more than two) different species. In symbiosis, at least one member of the pair benefits from the relationship. The other member may be injured (parasitism, relatively unaffected (commensalism), may also benefit (mutualism). In other words, at least one member of the … Read more
The British captured Delhi on September 20, 1857 after prolonged and bitter fighting. John Nicholson, the leader of the siege, was badly wounded and later succumbed to his injuries. Bahadur Shah was taken prisoner. The royal princes were captured and butchered on the spot, publicly shot at point blank range by Lieutenant Hudson himself. The … Read more
Adhishsthana or the Base Platform – generally made of a solid block of granite laid out to hold the structure’s weight and also accentuate the temples upward thrust. Shringa or Central Tower – the whole temple structure is capped by an elevated structure that towers directly over the site where the deity is placed inside. … Read more
The Articles under Part III of the constitution of India relating to the Fundamental rights which try to uplift the status of women and provide equal 130 opportunities for women irrespective of sex are stated below : Article 14 of the Constitution All persons including women are equal in the eyes of the law and … Read more
. Indian secularism is fundamentally different from Western secularism. Indian secularism does not focus only on church-state separation and the idea of inter-religious equality is crucial to the Indian conception. Indian secularism took on a distinct form as a result of an interaction between what already existed in a society that had religious diversity and … Read more
Ambedkar’s main ideas thrusted upon equality, social justice and perpetual improvement of the society. He emphasis on mitigation of evils of caste system. This idea is still relevant. As caste is one of the dividing factor in India. His idea of social justice encapsulated political, economic and social democracy. Acc. To him, political dem. Without … Read more
The continental drift hypothesis was developed in the early part of the 20th century, mostly by Alfred Wegener. Wegener said that continents move around on Earth’s surface and that they were once joined together as a single supercontinent. While Wegener was alive, scientists did not believe that the continents could move. Alfred Wegener proposed that … Read more
The SNDP movement was an example of a regional movement born out of conflict between the depressed classes and upper castes. It was started by Sree Narayana Guru Swamy (1856- 1928) among the Ezhavas of Kerala, who were a backward caste of toddy-tappers and were considered to be untouchables, denied education and entry into temples. … Read more
In most parts of the country, colonialism brought radical transformation of the tribals as their relative isolation was eroded by the penetration of market forces and they were integrated with the British and princely administrations. A large number of moneylenders, traders, revenue farmers and other middlemen and petty officials invaded the tribal areas and disrupted … Read more
When there are changes in the condition like temperature, light or nutrients the symbiotic linkage between algae and zooxanthellae gets deteriorated, causing them to turn white. In coral bleaching the density of zooxanthellae decline and the concentration of photosynthetic pigment decline which lead to decline in color. 20% of the coral reefs have already been … Read more
Parthenogenesis Parthenogenesis, a reproductive strategy that involves development of a female (rarely a male) gamete (sex cell) without fertilization. It occurs commonly among lower plants and invertebrate animals (particularly rotifers, aphids, ants, wasps, and bees) and rarely among higher vertebrates. An egg produced parthenogenetically may be either haploid (i.e., with one set of dissimilar chromosomes) … Read more
Electromagnetic waves or EM waves are waves that are created as a result of vibrations between an electric field and a magnetic field. In other words, EM waves are composed of oscillating magnetic and electric fields. Properties of electromagnetic waves: EM waves are composed of oscillating electric and magnetic fields at right angles to … Read more
The attitude of the British Government had also changed which now wanted to suppress every movement which will hamper its war image .As a result the quit India resolution was passed on 8th August and by 24 hours on 9 August Gandhi and all prominent leaders were arrested. Congress was declared an illegal party and … Read more
The group comprised of Kalidasa Vetala Bhatta Varahamihira Vararuchi Amarasimha Dhanvantari kshapanak Shanku Ghatakarpura Kalidasa Kalidasa was a famous Sanskrit writer and poet in the court of Chandragupta II (Vikramaditya). Kalidasa was the author of three famous plays. Abhijnanasakuntalam :tells the story of King Dushyanta and Shakuntala Malavikagnimitramtells the story love of King Agnimitra with … Read more
Most known volcanic activity and the earthquakes occur along converging plate margins and mid-oceanic ridges. There is a strikingly close agreement between volcanic and earthquake zones of the earth. The major regions of volcanoes around the world are: Pacific ring of fire: Pacific Ring of Fire’ is estimated to include two-thirds of the world’s volcanoes. The major regions … Read more
This act is a progressive tool passed by Indian parliament. The act is in accordance with the modern liberal principles and ethos. Salient features of the act are: Disability has been defined comprehensively and no. of disability have been raised from 7 to 21.Speech and Language Disability and Specific Learning Disability have been added for … Read more
Concept of sea floor spreading was given by Henry Hess which was crucial to establish the formation of different geological surface on the earth. The major findings were: The crust below the ocean floor was found only 7-8 km thick. The existence of mid Atlantic ridge was known, but it was found that mid oceanic … Read more
Applications of tissue culture Rapid Clonal Propagation A clone is a group of individuals or cells derived from a single parent individual or cell through asexual reproduction. All the cells in callus or suspension culture are derived from a single explants by mitotic division. Therefore, all plantlets regenerated from a callus/suspension culture generally have the … Read more
The Central Government has set up a Board for Industrial and Financial Reconstruction (BIFR) with effect from 12 January 1987 in pursuance of enactment of the Sick Industrial Companies (Special Provision) Act, 1985. This is a major step for intervening at an early stage and detecting, preventing, as well as taking ameliorative, remedial and such … Read more
Political funding is a serious issue. According to a report of association of Democratic reforms, 2004, The total income of national and regional parties between 2004- 20015 stands at 11,367 Crores. 69% of the income came from unknown resources. The other issue of non accountability and transparency is that Political parties do not come under … Read more
Features of Traditional joint family include common residence, common kitchen, common property and participation in common family worship etc. Indian family system since ancient period was basically traditional joint family system. However in recent years it has been replaced by functional joint family. Functional joint family, according to sociologist IP Desai, means a family where … Read more
Dictionary meaning of Post truth society means objective facts are less influential in shaping public opinion than appeals to emotion and personal belief’ . Post truth is the understanding that ‘truth’ as we know it is becoming rarer in public life. Proponents of each ideology are able to argue convincingly about the merits of their … Read more
Vesara style of architecture contains building in the Deccan region which are of hybridized style i.e. it contains both the elements of Nagara and Dravida architectural style. The vesara style came into existence after the mid 7th century. It was Patronised by Chalukya dynasty. Ravan Phadi cave, Aihole, Karnataka: The Ravan Phadi cave at Aihole is an example of … Read more
Jharkhand since its inception has put a thrust on rural development. Jharkhand is not fortunate enough to have high concentration of village near urban agglomeration. Hence growth in urban does not translocate to village Pockets. Jharkhand has 37000 village out of which only 1% has population more than 5000. To achieve rural prosperity, a new … Read more
Twelve cities namely Amaravati (Andhra Pradesh), Gaya(Bihar), Dwaraka(Gujarat), Amritsar(Punjab), Ajmer(Rajasthan), Kanchipuram(Tamil Nadu), Vellankani(Tamil Nadu), Puri(Odisha), Varanasi(Uttar Prasesh), Mathura(Uttar Pradesh), Kedarnath (Uttarakhand) and Kamakhya (Assam) have been identified for development under Pilgrimage Rejuvenation and Spirituality Augmentation Drive (PRASAD) by the Ministry of Tourism. The objective of schemes are as follows: To drive a national mission for … Read more
The Nirvik scheme announced by the Union Government would give a fillip to export lending and insurance cover for export credit. The scheme aims to ease the lending process and enhance loanavailability for exporters.Under the scheme,the insurance cover guaranteed will cover up to 90% of the principaland interest. The insurance cover will include both pre … Read more
With an aim to create a $400-billion electronicsmanufacturing industry & generate 1 cr jobs by2025, the Ministry of Electronics and InformationTechnology (MeitY) has come out with the draft‘National Policy on Electronics 2018’ (NPE 2018). Initiatives taken for Electronic System Design &Manufacturing (ESDM) Sector in India Electronics Manufacturing Clusters: To overcome disadvantages due toinfrastructure, EMC was … Read more
Free legal aid is one of the fundamental rights guaranteed to all the citizens of the country. Article 21 of the Constitution of India states, “No person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedure established by law”. Hence ensuring legal aid to everyone is necessary for ensuring substantive equality. … Read more
Biopiracy is the practice of commercially exploiting naturally occurring genetic material or biochemical. Most of the indigenous people possess a traditional knowledge that mainly comprises of genetic diversity and biological feature of the natural environment from generation to generation. Some of the traditional knowledge that is relevant to global survival includes the following components. Medicinal … Read more
In January 1957, the Government of India appointed a committee to examine the working of the Community Development Programme (1952) and the National Extension Service (1953) and to suggest measures for their better working. The chairman of this committee was Balwant Rai G Mehta. The committee submitted its report in November 1957 and recommended the … Read more
Q. Comets Ans: Comets originate in outer solar system and are formed of cosmic snowballs of frozen gases, rock and dust that orbit the sun. When a comet’s orbit bring it close to the sun ,it heat up and spewn dust and gases into a giant glowing head larger than most planets. Q. Dark … Read more
Tipu sultan was a ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore and the eldest son of Sultan Hyder Ali of Mysore. Tipu was also known as king of Mysore and He was the most formidable opposition among marathas, Nizams etc. Various reforms were initiated by Tipu sultan which are as follows: Fought the first Anglo-Mysore War (1767-69) at the … Read more
Indo-Islamic architecture begins with the Ghurid occupation of India at the close of the 12 century A.D. The Muslims having inherited a wealth of varied designs from Sassanian and Byzantine empires and being naturally endowed with good taste for buildings, never failed to adapt to their own requirements the indigenous architecture of almost every … Read more
The Protection of Human Rights Act of 1993 (TPHRA) also provides a State Human RightsCommission at the state level.SHRC shall inquire into violation of human rights in respect of matters specified in statelist and concurrent list. But if NHRC or any other statutory commission has alreadyinquired then the SHRC doesn’t investigate into it. Objectives and … Read more
As per Agriculture Census 2015-16, the average size of operational holding has declined to 1.08 hectare in 2015-16 as compared to 1.15 hectare in 2010-11. The small and marginal holdings (10 ha) are merely 0.57% of the total land holdings. Challenges faced by farmers due to fragmentation of land: Low productivity: Small and fragmented landholdings … Read more
Lord Rippon’s political outlook was very antithesis to his immediate predecessor. He was inspired with a sense of mission and duty towards British subjects, irrespective of their nationality. His vision was modern in outlook and his steps were ingrained with forward looking outlook. He took some steps towards liberalising administration in India. He ended the … Read more
The period roughly between the 3rd century B.C. and 3rd century A.D. in South India (the area lying to the south of river Krishna and Tungabhadra) is known as Sangam Period.It has been named after the Sangam academies held during that period that flourished under the royal patronage of the Pandya kings of Madurai. Sangam … Read more
The accounts of pilgrims like Hiuen Tsang gives a quite vivid description of the famous Nalanda University which was at its zenith during Harsha’s reign. Official Chinese documents Coins and inscriptions Literature of the period- like Harshcharitra
. The Constitution has made the following provisions to safeguard and ensure the independence of CAG: He is provided with the security of tenure. He can be removed by the president only in accordance with the procedure mentioned in the Constitution. Thus, he does not hold his office till the pleasure of the president, though … Read more
. Preamble represent the core theme of the constitution. Preamble is the most precious part of the constitution. It is the proper yardstick with which we can measure the worth of the constitution. It is based on the objective resolution adopted by constituent assembly. Whether preamble is a part of constitution or not was firstly … Read more