History

The Royal Indian Navy mutiny was arguably the single most important event in convincing the British government that it could no longer hold on to India. The RIN revolt started on 18 February 1946 in Bombay. The naval ratings on HMIS Talwar protested against the poor quality of food and racial discrimination by British officers. … Read more DMPQ- How Royal Indian Mutiny Proved to be last nail in the coffin for British Imperialism in India?

NCM:   it means to refuse to co-operate govt this movement was launched to unify hindus and muslims. this movement began in the year of 1921. women didn’t participated in this movement on a large scale. the main cause for this movement include massacre at the jallianwalla bagh and the rowlatt act. CDM:   It … Read more DMPQ-What were the basic differences between Non -cooperation movement and civil disobedience movement?

Main provisions of August offer are : During the course of the 2nd World War, in order to secure the cooperation of the Indians, the British Government made an announcement on 8 August 1940, which came to be known as the ‘August Offer’, which proposed – Dominion status as the objective for India. Expansion of viceroy’s … Read more DMPQ-What were the provisions of August offer? Why August offer was rejected?

The major demands can be put under following head and are as follows: Constitutional Opportunity for participation in the government was one of the major demands of the Indian National Congress. It demanded Indian representation in the government. Economic High land revenue was one of the major factors that contributed to the oppression of the … Read more DMPQ- What were the major demand of the Indian National Congress during Moderate dominant era?

Dadabhai Naoroji, known as the ‘Grand Old Man of Indian Nationalism’, was a prominent early nationalist. He was elected to  the Bombay Municipal Corporation and Town Council during the 1870s. Elected to the British Parliament in 1892, he founded the India Society (1865) and the East India Association (1866) in London. He was elected thrice … Read more DMPQ- Dadabhai Naoroji, known as the ‘Grand Old Man of Indian Nationalism’, was a prominent early nationalist. Discuss the contribution of Dada bhai Naroji.

The Home Rule League Movement (1916-18) was led by Bal Gangadhar Tilak in Maharashtra (excluding Bombay), Karnataka, Central Provinces and Berar and Annie Besant in the rest of the country. It was inspired by the Irish Home Rule Movement. The following were the objectives of the movement: Annie Besant demanded that India be granted self-government … Read more DMPQ- What were the objectives of Home rule movement and also mention the major contribution of home rule movement.

Company’s Struggle for Equality with Indian States from a Position of Subordination (1740-1765):   Starting with Anglo-French rivalry with the coming of Dupleix in 1751, the East India Company asserted political identity with capture of Arcot (1751). With the Battle of Plassey in 1757, the East India Company acquired political power next only to the … Read more DMPQ- Explain in detail the policy adopted by the Britishers to conquer India.

It combines the techniques of both rod and string puppetry. They are made of wood and the strings for manipulation and are tied to an iron ring in which the puppeteer wears a crown on his head. This puppet dance is used to spread religious stories. The main themes are the stories from the Ramayana, … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on Bomalattam.

People belonging to the Chalcolithic age domesticated animals and practised agriculture. They produced not only wheat and rice, but also cultivated bajra and pulses. All these cereals have been found at Navdatoli situated on the bank of the Narmada in Maharashtra. People in the eastern regions lived on fish and rice as fish hooks have … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on chalcolithic age.

Anasuya Sarabhai was born in 1885 into a business family of Ahmedabad. She pioneered women’ labor movement in India. She founded the Ahmedabad Textile Labour Association (Majoor Mahajan Sangh), India’s oldest union of textile workers, in 1920. In 1912 she went to London for higher studies where she got influenced by Fabian society and suffragette … Read more DMPQ- Discuss the contribution made by Anasuya Sarabhai for the cause of labours during British rule.

Arjuna’s Penance Mamallapuram   This magnificent relief, carved in the mid-seventh century, measures approximately 30m (100ft) long by 15m (45ft) high. Its huge size and scale is difficult to imagine just from photographs; a person standing on the ground in front of it could barely touch the elephants’ feet.   The subject is either Arjuna’s … Read more DMPQ- Arjuna penance

The Gupta Empire was an ancient Indian empire existing from the midto- late 3rd century CE to 543 CE. Brahmagupta (born c. 598 CE, died c. 668 CE) was an Indian mathematician and astronomer. He is the author of two early works on mathematics and astronomy: the Br?hmasphu?asiddh?nta, a theoretical treatise, and the Kha??akh?dyaka Brahmagupta … Read more DMPQ- Comment on the contribution of Brahamgupta in the field of Science and Technology

The Tebhaga movement, led by the Bengal Provincial Kisan Sabha, thus soon developed into a clash between jotedars and bargadars. Tebhaga literally means ‘three shares’ of harvests. Traditionally, sharecroppers used to hold their tenancy on a fifty-fifty basis of the share of the produce. Tebhaga Movement was the sharecroppers’ (bargadars) movement in Bengal during 1946, … Read more DMPQ- Tebhaga movement.

Ijaradari system was a form of land revenue system where the right of collecting revenue of a particular area was auctioned to the highest bidder. The Ijaradari system, which started from Shah Jahan’s time, grew more during the time of Aurangzeb. The practice of ijaradari spread all over India in the eighteenth century especially in … Read more DMPQ- Ijardari System.( Ancient History)

Pochampally Ikat is a well-known form of saree made in Bhooda Pochampally and surrounding villages in Telangana State, India. these are popular for their traditional geometric patterns with the Ikat style of dyeing. Pochampally Ikat saree is the first traditional Indian craft to receive the status of Geographical Indication (GI) protection. Pochampally village has made … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on Pochampally Ikat.

Balshastri Jambhekar (1812-1846) was a pioneer of social reform through journalism in Bombay; he attacked brahminical orthodoxy and tried to reform popular Hinduism. He started the newspaper Darpan in 1832. He is known as the father of Marathi journalism. In 1840, he started Digdarshan which published articles on scientific subjects as well as history.  Jambhekar … Read more DMPQ-Write a short note on Balshastri jambhekar. Mention his contribution in Social reform era.

Difference between Hindustani and Carnatic Music: Carnatic music is a system of music associated with the southern part of the Indian subcontinent. Hindustani music is associated with North India and is deeply influenced by the Persian and Islamic music systems. Hindustani music is raga based while Carnatic is Kriti-based. Hindustani music stresses pure notes versus … Read more DMPQ- Outline the difference between the Hindustani and Carnatic Music.

For political matters, the Board of Control was created and for commercial affairs, the Court of Directors was appointed. The Board of Control took care of civil and military affairs. It comprised of 6 people: Secretary of State (Board President) Chancellor of the Exchequer Four Privy Councillors In this dual system of control, the company … Read more DMPQ-The defect of the Regulating Act of 1773 and the urgency of the British Politics necessitated the passing of Pitt’s India Act in 1784. In the light of statement Write down the salient features of the Pitts India Act.

Bhakti movement also provided an impetus to the growth of other regional languages such as Telugu and Kannada in the south Mahabharata was translated into Telugu by Nannaya in the 11th century AD. This was considered as the beginning of literary work in Telugu. The kirtans written by the poet-saint Annamacharya on Lord Vishnu led … Read more DMPQ- How Bhakti movement lead to the development of Telugu and Kannada.

The Irwin Declaration was a statement made by Lord Irwin, then Viceroy of India, on 31 October 1929 regarding the status of India in the British empire. It was intended to placate leaders of the Indian nationalist movement who had become increasingly vocal in demanding dominion status for India. The Declaration was a five-line statement … Read more DMPQ- What was the motive behind Irwin declaration?

The 19th century began witnessing a growing discontent against the British rule in India. This gave birth to an organized national movement. Inspired by this movement, there emerged a corpus of literature which in turn contributed to the growth and spread of nationalist sentiments across different regions of the country as well as among the … Read more DMPQ- The 19th century began witnessing a growing discontent against the British rule in India. In that milieu Nationalist literature developed. Write some of the contribution of National Literature in freedom struggle.

Indian (National) Social Conference was founded by M.G. Ranade and Raghunath Rao. It was virtually the social reform cell of the Indian National Congress. Its first session was held in Madras in December 1887. The Conference met annually as a subsidiary convention of the Indian National Congress, at the same venue, and focused attention on … Read more DMPQ-Write a short note on Indian national social conference.

It is an all India Non-Governmental Organization founded by Mahatma Gandhi on September 30, 1932, following a large public meeting held in Bombay under the Presidentship of Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya. The meeting was prompted by the epic fast of Gandhiji in Yervada Jail near Poona in protest against the nefarious design of Communal Award, … Read more DMPQ- Explain Harijan Seva sangh

Architecture in Odisha found its supreme expression in the form of temples, some of which are among, finest in the country. o Of these, three are most famous the Lingaraja temple at Bhubaneswar (11th century), the Jagannath Temple at Puri (12th century) and the great Sun Temple at Konark (13th century). These three cities form … Read more DMPQ- ODISSA school of Architecture.

The emergence of Bodhisattva is central to Mahayana sect of Buddhism, which emerged during the fourth council of Buddhism held in 1st century A.D at Kashmir during the reign of Kanishka. The worship of images of the Buddha and Bodhisattvas became an important part of this tradition. Bodhisattva was thought of in the schools of … Read more DMPQ- How the concept of Bhodisattva lead to the dichotomy of Buddhism?

The first one was proclaimed in Ballia, in East U P, in August 1942 under the leadership of Chittu Pande, who called himself a Gandhian. Though it succeeded in getting the Collector to hand over power and release all the arrested Congress leaders, it could not survive for long and when the soldiers marched in, … Read more DMPQ- A significant feature of the Quit India Movement was the emergence of what came to be known as parallel governments in some parts of the country. What were these Parallel Governments.

Nath-Panthis are a Shaivist sub-tradition within Hinduism. A medieval movement, combined ideas from Buddhism, Shaivism and Yoga traditions in India. The Naths have been a confederation of devotees who consider Adinatha, or Shiva, as their first lord or guru, with varying lists of additional lords. Nath-Panthis are followers of Hindu yogi Gorakhnath and one time … Read more DMPQ- Nath Panthi movement reached its peak during the 13th and 14th centuries. Who were the Nath Panthi and outline their belief system.

Iqta system It was a unique type of land distribution and administrative system evolved during the Delh Sultanate. Under the system, the whole empire was divided into several large and small tracts of land, called the iqtas, which were assigned to nobles, officers and soldiers for the purpose of administration and revenue collection. The iqtas … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on the Iqta system.

The Ib?dat Kh?na (House of Worship) was a meeting house built in 1575 CE by the Mughal Emperor Akbar (r. 1556–1605) at Fatehpur Sikri to gather spiritual leaders of different religious grounds so as to conduct a discussion on the teachings of the respective religious leaders The construction of ‘Ibadat Khana’ in 1575, where Muslim … Read more DMPQ- IBADAT Khana

1918-1924: The early trade union phase This period marked the birth of true trade union movement in India. It was organised along the lines of unions in the industrialised world. The deteriorated living conditions caused by the first world war and the exposure with the outside world resulted in heightened class consciousness amongst the workers. … Read more DMPQ- What were the factors which led to the development of Trade union movement in India?

Aihole also referred to as Aivalli, Ahivolal or Aryapura, is a historic site of ancient and medieval era Buddhist, Hindu and Jain monuments in north Karnataka, India dated from the sixth century through the twelfth century CE. Aihole is 22 miles (35 km) from Badami and about 6 miles (9.7 km) from Pattadakal, both of … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on the significance of Aihole region.

Vitarka Mudra: It signifies the discussion and transmission of the teachings of the Buddha. It is performed by joining the tips of the thumb and the index fingers together while keeping the other fingers straight, which is just like to Abhay Mudra and varada mudra but in this Mundra the thumbs touching the index fingers. … Read more DMPQ- Explain the following Mudra: a) Vitarka Mudra b) Abhaya Mudra c) Vajra Mudra d) Bhumisparsa Mudra

The period roughly between the 3rd century B.C. and 3rd century A.D. in South India (the area lying to the south of river Krishna and Tungabhadra) is known as Sangam Period.It has been named after the Sangam academies held during that period that flourished under the royal patronage of the Pandya kings of Madurai. Sangam … Read more DMPQ- How SANGAM age describe the socio-political milieu of that period.

Ellora Caves It one of the largest rock-hewn monastic-temple complexes in the entire world. There are 34 caves, structures are excavated out of the vertical face of the hills. Cave Architecture – Out of these, there are 12 Mahayana Buddhist caves (caves 1-12), 17 Hindu caves (caves 13-29) and 5 caves of the Jain faith … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on Ellora caves.

The Karnata Dravidian tradition developed in the 7th century under the patronage of Badami Chalukya got matured under Western Chalukya (Kalyani Chalukya) in the 11nth century. The Chalukya style got perfection as an independent style under Hoysala rule in the 13nth century. Features:                Makartorana : It leads to the mantapa of the temples. It is made … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on Hoysala Architecture

Khudkasht:          Those residential peasants living in their own village, owning their own land and implements, paying the land-revenue at a concessional rate, formed the governing body of the village community. Also called mirasdars in Maharashtra and gharu-hala in Rajasthan. Pahi-kasht:          These peasants were basically outsiders but cultivated the rented land in a vil­lage either by … Read more DMPQ: Explain the following term: a) Khud kashta b) PahiKashta c) Antyaja d) Jama e) Hasil

Mahabalipuram or Mamallapuram is a historic city and UNESCO World Heritage site in Tamil Nadu, India. During the reign of the Pallava dynasty, between the 3rd century CE and 7th century CE, it became an important centre of art, architecture and literature. Art & Architectural Masterpieces Cave Temples The Adi Varaha Perumal Cave Temple is … Read more DMPQ: Mahabalipuram Architecture.

Thanjavur paintings basically signify paintings created using a style and technique, which originated in Thanjavur during the maratha period in the 16th century. A typical Thanjavur painting would consist of one main figure, a deity, with a well-rounded body & almond shaped eyes. This figure would be housed in an enclosure created by means of … Read more DMPQ- Thanjavur paintings.

The concept of the whip was inherited from colonial British rule. It is used in parliamentary parlance often for floor management by political parties in the legislature. A whip is a written order that political party issue to its members for being present for an important vote, or that they vote only in a particular … Read more DMPQ: Write a short note on the office of whip.

None of the Indian powers rose to claim the heritage of the Grand Mughals for they were strong enough to destroy the Empire but not strong enough to unite it or to create anything new in its place. They could not create a new social order which could stand up to the new enemy from … Read more DMPQ: What were the consequences of decline of the Mughal empire?

Amaravati School represents the evolution of uniquely beautiful regional art style based on a thriving commercial and imperial system. The Amravati Stupas began about the time of Christ but the perfection of form and proportion seen in the middle phase of Amaravati as well as some of the themes continued to influence art at Nagarjuankonda … Read more DMPQ-Write short note on the Amravati school of art.

The 1971 India-Pakistan and the Shimla Agreement of July 2, 1972 are some of the most important events of the 20th century history of the Indian subcontinent.The 1971 war culminated in the capture of 93,000 Pakistani prisoners and a unilateral declaration of a cease fire by India after our ground forces had made minor incursions … Read more DMPQ-Do you think concerning issues of Kashmir could have been resolved as early in 1971?

While Gandhi and Ambedkar hold similar standpoints on the relation between religious orderings of the world and shapes of social existence, they sharply diverge, on certain occasions, regarding the question of what the crucial terms ‘caste’ and var?a refer to, so that they often seem to be talking past each other. Gandhi sought to cut … Read more DMPQ-The ways chosen by mahatma Gandhi and Dr Ambedkar were different for empowering the Scheduled class and lower strata of society. Comment

Salient features are as follows: Holistic involvement of all stakeholders like women, Harijan, Industralist, young and old ones. Movements were truly Mass movement. Non violence and satyagraha were two biggest element of Indian freedom struggle. Movement were well planned and their stated objective was made clear to the people and British authority. Minimum casualty and … Read more DMPQ- What are the salient features of the Indian freedom struggle guided by Gandhi.?

The 1931 Poona Pact shaped India’s Dalit political representation, and its implications are felt even in today’s parliamentary elections. At the heart of it lay a fundamental difference in their points of view. While Gandhi saw untouchability as a social issue, Ambedkar understood caste as a political one. The Gandhi Ambedkar conflict was over how … Read more DMPQ- Poona pact had a huge impact on the post independent political phase of India. Comment

  Indo-Islamic architecture begins with the Ghurid occupation of India at the close of the 12 century A.D. The Muslims having inherited a wealth of varied designs from Sassanian and Byzantine empires and being naturally endowed with good taste for buildings, never failed to adapt to their own requirements the indigenous architecture of almost every … Read more DMPQ- Indian native elements when mingled with the Persian elements led to emergence of new elements. Comment on the statement with special reference to Indo- Islamic architecture.

Sardar Patel, the architect and unifier of modern India, was not only a close associate of Mahatma Gandhi but also his ardent follower. Patel was a selfless leader, who placed the country’s interests above everything else and shaped India’s destiny with single-minded devotion. Sardar Patel was not only an organizer par excellence but also turned … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on the contribution of Sardar Patel in Indian Freedom struggle.

Cornwallis’s greatest achievement in India was the reorganization of the land taxation, known as the Permanent Settlement of 1793. Agricultural land in Bengal was cultivated by a large number of small farmers, who paid rent to a group of zamindars (landowners). Under the Mughals, the government had collected taxes from the zamindars. The East India … Read more DMPQ-Discuss the reforms brought by Lord Cornwallis.

Jyoti rao phule is considered as one of the major reformer of 19th century. His contribution towards women education, eradication of caste system, raising voice against the social evils like untouchability  etc. is unparalleled in the Modern history. Jyotirao established the first girls’ school in August 1848. Later he also opted two more school for … Read more DMPQ-Comment on the contribution of Jyoti rao phule towards Indian society.