Points to Remember:
- India’s Biosphere Reserves are designated areas for conservation of biodiversity.
- The Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve was declared the second in India.
- The declaration date is crucial for answering the question.
Introduction:
India’s network of Biosphere Reserves plays a vital role in conserving its rich biodiversity. These reserves are designated under the UNESCO Man and the Biosphere Programme (MAB) and aim to balance conservation with sustainable development. While the exact number of biosphere reserves varies depending on the source and the criteria used, India has a significant number, contributing to global biodiversity conservation efforts. The question asks to identify the second Biosphere Reserve declared in India, specifically on January 18, 1988. This requires a factual approach, focusing on historical records of Biosphere Reserve declarations in India.
Body:
Identifying the Second Biosphere Reserve:
The question demands a factual answer based on the date of declaration. While the options provided (Manas, Nilgiris, Sunderbans, and Nanda Devi) are all significant Biosphere Reserves in India, only one fits the criteria of being declared second on January 18, 1988. According to official records, the Nilgiris Biosphere Reserve was declared the second Biosphere Reserve in India on January 18, 1988. The first was the Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve.
Other Notable Biosphere Reserves:
To provide context, let’s briefly look at the other options:
- Manas Biosphere Reserve: Located in Assam, it is known for its rich biodiversity, including endangered species like the rhinoceros. It was declared a Biosphere Reserve later than the Nilgiris.
- Sunderbans Biosphere Reserve: Located in West Bengal, it is famous for its mangrove forests and the Royal Bengal Tiger. It was also declared a Biosphere Reserve after the Nilgiris.
- Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve: Located in Uttarakhand, it was India’s first Biosphere Reserve.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, the correct answer to the question is (B) Nilgiris. The Nilgiris Biosphere Reserve holds significant importance in India’s conservation efforts and was officially declared the second Biosphere Reserve on January 18, 1988. This factual information underscores the importance of maintaining accurate records of such designations for effective biodiversity management. Moving forward, strengthening the management and monitoring of all Biosphere Reserves, ensuring community participation, and promoting sustainable practices within these areas are crucial for their long-term success and contribution to India’s commitment to biodiversity conservation and sustainable development. This holistic approach will ensure the preservation of these invaluable ecosystems for future generations.
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