Jharkhand is the largest producer of which variety of silk in India? (A) Tasar (B) Eri (C) Muga (D) Mulberry

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Points to Remember:

  • Jharkhand’s silk production.
  • Major silk varieties in India.
  • Identification of Jharkhand’s primary silk type.

Introduction:

India boasts a rich history of sericulture, the cultivation of silkworms for silk production. Several varieties of silk exist, each with unique characteristics and geographical preferences. The four main types are Mulberry, Tasar, Eri, and Muga. Jharkhand, a state in eastern India known for its tribal culture and forests, plays a significant role in the country’s silk production, but specifically which variety dominates its output needs clarification. This question requires a factual approach to identify the dominant silk variety produced in Jharkhand.

Body:

Jharkhand’s Silk Production: Jharkhand’s economy significantly benefits from sericulture, providing livelihoods for many rural communities. The state’s natural environment, characterized by forests and diverse flora, is conducive to the cultivation of certain silk varieties. However, the specific type of silk dominating its production needs to be identified from reliable sources.

Major Silk Varieties in India:

  • Mulberry Silk: This is the most common type of silk globally, known for its smooth texture and lustrous sheen. It requires a controlled environment and specific mulberry leaves for the silkworms’ diet.

  • Tasar Silk: This wild silk is produced by silkworms that feed on various trees, making it more environmentally sustainable. It’s known for its rougher texture and earthy tones. Tasar silk production is prevalent in states like Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, and Odisha.

  • Eri Silk: Also known as “peace silk,” Eri silk is produced by silkworms that don’t kill the pupae during the cocoon harvesting process, making it an ethically sourced option. It’s known for its soft and warm texture. Assam is a major producer of Eri silk.

  • Muga Silk: This is a golden-yellow silk produced by silkworms that feed exclusively on the leaves of the Som (Machilus bombycina) tree. It’s primarily found in Assam.

Identifying Jharkhand’s Primary Silk Type:

Based on available data and reports from the Ministry of Textiles, Government of India, and various publications on Indian sericulture, Jharkhand is the largest producer of Tasar silk in India. The state’s forest cover and suitable climate provide an ideal environment for the cultivation of Tasar silkworms.

Conclusion:

In summary, while India produces all four major types of silk, Jharkhand’s primary contribution to the national silk industry lies in its significant production of Tasar silk. This highlights the importance of supporting and promoting sustainable sericulture practices in Jharkhand, ensuring the livelihoods of its silk farmers and preserving the state’s rich biodiversity. Further research and investment in improving the quality and marketing of Jharkhand’s Tasar silk can enhance its economic contribution and strengthen the state’s position in the national and international silk markets. Focusing on fair trade practices and environmentally friendly methods will ensure the long-term sustainability of this crucial sector, aligning with the principles of holistic development and economic empowerment. Therefore, the correct answer is (A) Tasar.

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