Green Revolution of 1960 was associated with (A) Use of HYV seeds (B) Tree plantation program (C) Use of synthetic fertilizers (D) None of these

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Points to Remember:

  • The Green Revolution’s primary focus.
  • Key technological advancements employed.
  • The role of HYV seeds and fertilizers.
  • Distinguishing the Green Revolution from tree plantation programs.

Introduction:

The Green Revolution, primarily spanning the 1960s and 1970s, was a period of intensified agricultural development aimed at increasing food production to combat widespread hunger and malnutrition. It was characterized by the adoption of new technologies and practices, significantly impacting global food security. While various initiatives contributed, the core of the Green Revolution centered on specific technological interventions. This question requires a factual approach to identify the key elements associated with the Green Revolution of the 1960s.

Body:

1. High-Yielding Variety (HYV) Seeds: The Green Revolution was fundamentally driven by the development and widespread adoption of High-Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds. These seeds, developed through scientific research, produced significantly higher yields per unit area compared to traditional varieties. The International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) in the Philippines and the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) in Mexico played crucial roles in developing these HYV seeds. The success of the Green Revolution was heavily reliant on the availability and accessibility of these improved seeds. This directly relates to option (A).

2. Use of Synthetic Fertilizers: The increased yields from HYV seeds were further amplified by the concurrent use of synthetic fertilizers. These fertilizers provided essential nutrients to the crops, boosting their growth and productivity. The increased availability and affordability of synthetic fertilizers were crucial for maximizing the potential of HYV seeds. This directly relates to option (C).

3. Tree Plantation Programs: While tree plantation programs are vital for environmental sustainability and combating deforestation, they were not a central component of the Green Revolution’s core technological advancements. Tree plantation programs typically focus on long-term ecological benefits, while the Green Revolution primarily aimed at immediate increases in food production. Option (B) is therefore incorrect in the context of the core elements of the 1960s Green Revolution.

Conclusion:

In summary, the Green Revolution of the 1960s was primarily associated with the use of High-Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds (A) and synthetic fertilizers (C). These two technological advancements worked synergistically to dramatically increase agricultural yields. While tree plantation programs are important for environmental sustainability, they were not central to the technological innovations that defined the Green Revolution. Therefore, the correct answer is that the Green Revolution of 1960 was associated with both (A) and (C). Moving forward, a balanced approach to agricultural development is crucial, integrating the lessons learned from the Green Revolution with a focus on sustainable practices, biodiversity conservation, and climate change resilience to ensure long-term food security and environmental sustainability. This holistic approach will contribute to a more equitable and sustainable future for all.

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