Points to Remember:
- India’s legislative structure at the state level.
- Definition of a bicameral legislature.
- Identification of states with unicameral legislatures.
Introduction:
India operates under a federal system, with power divided between the central government and state governments. Most states in India have a bicameral legislature, meaning they have two houses: a Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha) and a Legislative Council (Vidhan Parishad). However, some states have only a Legislative Assembly, making them unicameral. This question requires identifying the state from the given options that possesses a unicameral legislature.
Body:
Understanding Bicameral and Unicameral Legislatures:
A bicameral legislature comprises two separate chambers or houses. The upper house (Legislative Council) typically represents regional interests and provides a check on the lower house (Legislative Assembly). A unicameral legislature, on the other hand, has only one house â?? the Legislative Assembly.
Analysis of Options:
- Andhra Pradesh: Andhra Pradesh has a bicameral legislature.
- Uttar Pradesh: Uttar Pradesh also has a bicameral legislature.
- Odisha: Odisha has a unicameral legislature; it only has a Legislative Assembly.
- Maharashtra: Maharashtra has a bicameral legislature.
Therefore, Odisha (C) is the state among the given options that does not have a bicameral legislature.
Conclusion:
In summary, while most Indian states utilize a bicameral system for legislative functions, ensuring checks and balances, some states, like Odisha, function effectively with a unicameral system. The choice between bicameral and unicameral structures is a matter of state-specific historical, political, and practical considerations. While bicameralism offers advantages in terms of deliberation and representation of diverse interests, unicameralism can be more efficient and less prone to legislative gridlock. The effectiveness of either system depends on factors such as the political culture, the size and diversity of the state, and the capacity of the legislature to function effectively. A holistic approach to state governance, irrespective of the legislative structure, should prioritize transparency, accountability, and responsiveness to the needs of the citizenry.
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