Which census year is known as the â??Big Divideâ?? or â??Demographic Divideâ?? in India? (A) 1911 (B) 1921 (C) 1931 (D) 1941

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Points to Remember:

  • The “Big Divide” or “Demographic Divide” refers to a significant shift in India’s population growth and demographic structure.
  • This shift is marked by a noticeable change in the population growth rate.
  • Specific census data will reveal the year exhibiting this dramatic change.

Introduction:

The question asks to identify the census year that marks a significant demographic shift in India, often referred to as the “Big Divide” or “Demographic Divide.” Understanding India’s demographic history requires analyzing population growth trends across different census years. While various factors influence population growth (birth rates, death rates, migration), a dramatic change in the overall growth rate points to a significant demographic turning point. The correct answer will reveal the year showing this substantial alteration.

Body:

Analyzing Population Growth Across Census Years:

The “Big Divide” in India’s demographic history refers to the significant drop in population growth rate observed in a particular census year. While all census years provide valuable data, only one stands out as representing this dramatic shift. Let’s examine the options:

  • 1911 Census: This census recorded a population growth, but it wasn’t exceptionally high or low compared to preceding or succeeding censuses. It doesn’t represent a significant demographic turning point.

  • 1921 Census: This census year is widely recognized as the “Big Divide” or “Demographic Divide.” It recorded a significant decrease in population growth compared to the previous census. This decline was primarily attributed to the devastating effects of the influenza pandemic of 1918-19, which caused widespread mortality across India. This event drastically altered the population growth trajectory.

  • 1931 Census: This census showed a resumption of population growth, albeit at a rate different from pre-1921 levels. It doesn’t represent the initial point of the significant demographic shift.

  • 1941 Census: This census also recorded population growth, continuing the trend established after the 1921 decline. It doesn’t mark the beginning of the demographic change.

Conclusion:

In summary, the 1921 census is widely acknowledged as the “Big Divide” or “Demographic Divide” in India’s demographic history. The significant drop in population growth rate observed in this census year was primarily due to the influenza pandemic of 1918-19. This event serves as a crucial turning point in understanding India’s population dynamics. Understanding this demographic shift is essential for formulating effective population policies and resource allocation strategies. Further research into the impact of the 1918-19 influenza pandemic on India’s demographic structure can provide valuable insights into the long-term consequences of such events and inform future preparedness strategies. The correct answer is therefore (B) 1921.

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