a) Dharma Guardian: is a series of military training exercises undertaken by India with Japan. It is crucial and significant in terms of security challenges faced by both nations in the backdrop of global terrorism. The second edition of bilateral annual military exercise Dharma Guardian – 2019 between Indian and Japanese Army commenced on Saturday at Counter Insurgency and Jungle Warfare School (CIJWS) Vairengte, Mizoram.
b) Tiger Triumph– It is a bilateral tri-service amphibious military exercise involving the armed forces of India and the United States. It is the first tri-service military exercise between the two countries. India has previously only held tri-service exercises with Russia
c) Exercise Malabar is a trilateral naval exercise involving the United States, Japan and India as permanent partners. Originally begun in 1992 as a bilateral exercise between India and the United States, Japan became a permanent partner in 2015. Past non-permanent participants are Australia and Singapore. The annual Malabar series began in 1992 and includes diverse activities, ranging from fighter combat operations from aircraft carriers through Maritime Interdiction Operations Exercises
d) Yudh Abhyas is a joint military exercise between India and the US began on September 5 in Washington as part of the ongoing defence co-operation between the two nations. The exercise is one of the largest joint-running military training and defence co-operation endeavours between India and the US.
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