JPSC MAINS 2021 Paper-3

Points to Remember: Favorable Factors: Focus on the positive aspects contributing to the growth of India’s iron and steel industry. Critical Evaluation: Analyze not just the presence of these factors, but their effectiveness and limitations. Historical Perspective: Consider the evolution of the industry over time. Balanced Approach: Acknowledge both successes and challenges. Introduction: India’s iron … Read more Critically evaluate the favorable factors for the establishment and development of the Iron and Steel Industry in India.

Points to Remember: Jharkhand’s geological formation and its impact on coal deposits. Major coalfields and their characteristics (rank, quality, reserves). Distribution patterns across different districts. Environmental and socio-economic impacts of coal mining in Jharkhand. Future prospects and sustainable mining practices. Introduction: Jharkhand, a state in eastern India, is renowned for its abundant coal reserves, a … Read more Discuss in detail the occurrence and distribution of coal in Jharkhand.

Points to Remember: Jharkhand’s irrigation infrastructure varies significantly across districts. Data on irrigated area is crucial for understanding agricultural productivity and food security. Official government sources are the most reliable for answering this question. Introduction: Jharkhand, a state in eastern India, relies heavily on agriculture for its economy and livelihood. However, the state faces challenges … Read more Which of the following districts in Jharkhand has the highest irrigated area? (A) Ranchi (B) Palamu (C) Hazaribagh (D) Garhwa

Points to Remember: Tropical cyclone characteristics (wind speed, precipitation, pressure) Formation regions (tropical oceans) Typical tracks (influenced by prevailing winds and ocean currents) Introduction: Tropical cyclones, also known as hurricanes (Atlantic and Northeast Pacific), typhoons (Northwest Pacific), and cyclones (South Pacific and Indian Ocean), are intense, low-pressure weather systems characterized by strong winds, heavy rainfall, … Read more Describe the weather of a tropical cyclone. Where do these storms originate? What path do they usually follow?

Keywords: Annual rainfall, India, Natural vegetation, relationship. Required Approach: Factual and Analytical Points to Remember: India’s diverse climate directly influences its vegetation. Rainfall is the primary determinant of vegetation type. Different rainfall zones support distinct vegetation types. Human activities significantly impact natural vegetation. Introduction: India’s geographical diversity, coupled with its monsoonal climate, results in a … Read more Describe the relationship between annual rainfall in India and its natural vegetation.

Points to Remember: The question asks about the originator of the Binary Star Hypothesis. The answer requires factual knowledge of the history of astronomy and astrophysics. Introduction: The Binary Star Hypothesis is a significant theory in astrophysics that attempts to explain the formation of binary star systems â?? systems where two stars orbit a common … Read more Who propounded the Binary Star Hypothesis? (A) Laplace (B) Kant (C) James Jeans (D) Russell

Points to Remember: Zeugen are distinctive landforms. Erosional agents shape the Earth’s surface. Understanding the processes of erosion is key to identifying landform origins. Introduction: Zeugen, also known as mushroom rocks or pedestal rocks, are unique geological formations characterized by a broad, flat top and a narrow, often cylindrical base. These formations are sculpted by … Read more Which erosional agent forms Zeugen? (A) River (B) Glacier (C) Wind (D) Underground Water

Points to Remember: Jharkhand’s tribal population distribution. 2011 Census data on tribal concentration. Comparison of tribal percentages across different districts. Introduction: Jharkhand, a state in eastern India, has a significant tribal population. Understanding the geographical distribution of this population is crucial for effective policymaking and resource allocation. The 2011 Census of India provides valuable data … Read more Which of the following groups of districts have the highest concentration (%) of tribals in Jharkhand as per the 2011 census? (A) Gumla, West Singhbhum & Jamtara (B) Pakur, Dumka & Jamtara (C) Khunti, Simdega & Gumla (D) Khunti, Simdega & West Singhbhum

Points to Remember: Kargil’s geographical location is the key focus. The question requires factual knowledge about the river flowing through Kargil. Introduction: Kargil is a town and a district in the Ladakh region of Jammu and Kashmir, India. Its strategic location in the Himalayas has made it historically significant, particularly due to the Kargil War … Read more Kargil is located on the banks of (A) Sutlej River (B) Jhelum River (C) Suru River (D) Chenab River

Points to Remember: The Tenughat Power Project’s energy source. Identification of the correct option (A, B, C, or D). Understanding of different power generation methods. Introduction: The question asks about the primary energy source utilized by the Tenughat Power Project. Understanding the different types of power generation is crucial to answering this. The options provided … Read more Tenughat Power Project is concerned with (A) Natural Gas (B) Atomic Power (C) Hydro Electricity (D) Thermal Power

Points to Remember: The question requires factual knowledge about Indian National Highways. The answer will be a single National Highway designation. No analysis or opinion is required. Introduction: The National Highways of India form the backbone of the country’s road transportation network. These highways connect major cities, industrial areas, and ports, facilitating trade, commerce, and … Read more Which one of the following is the longest National Highway (NH) of India? (A) NH16 (B) NH44 (C) NH48 (D) NH66

Points to Remember: Wegener’s Continental Drift Theory Direction of continental movement according to Wegener Introduction: Alfred Wegener’s Continental Drift theory, proposed in the early 20th century, revolutionized our understanding of Earth’s geological history. He posited that the continents were once joined together in a supercontinent called Pangaea and have since drifted apart. While his theory … Read more According to Wegener, the continents drifted towards (A) Equator and North Pole (B) Equator and West (C) Equator and South Pole (D) Equator and East

Points to Remember: Temperate cyclones are mid-latitude cyclones. They form at the boundary between polar and tropical air masses. Their formation is influenced by the polar jet stream. Their latitudinal distribution is crucial for understanding their impact on weather patterns. Introduction: Temperate cyclones, also known as extratropical cyclones, are large-scale low-pressure weather systems that form … Read more Temperate cyclones occur between which latitudes? (A) 35° to 65° North and South (B) 40° to 70° North and South (C) 30° to 60° North and South (D) 50° to 70° North and South

Points to Remember: The average annual temperature of the world’s oceans. Understanding the significance of ocean temperature. The impact of global warming on ocean temperatures. Introduction: The average annual temperature of the world’s oceans is a crucial indicator of the Earth’s climate system. Ocean temperatures influence weather patterns, marine ecosystems, and global sea levels. Variations … Read more What is the average annual temperature of oceans? (A) 63°F (B) 74°F (C) 35°F (D) 55°F

Points to Remember: Military prowess and administrative reforms of Sher Shah Suri. Lasting impact on the Mughal Empire. Economic policies and their effectiveness. Shortcomings and limitations of his reign. Introduction: Sher Shah Suri (1486-1545), a Pashtun Afghan, briefly interrupted the Mughal Empire’s rule in India during the mid-16th century. While his reign lasted only five … Read more Critically examine the achievements and contribution of Sher Shah Suri.

Points to Remember: Gandhi’s philosophy of Satyagraha Key movements led by Gandhi (Non-Cooperation, Civil Disobedience, Quit India) Gandhi’s impact on mass mobilization and social reform Criticisms of Gandhi’s approach Introduction: Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, revered as the “Father of the Nation” in India, played a pivotal role in India’s struggle for independence from British rule. His … Read more Describe the role of Mahatma Gandhi in the Indian National Movement.

Keywords: Birsa Munda, Jharkhand tribals, struggle, militant, violent, constitutional, peaceful. Required Approach: Analytical Points to Remember: Birsa Munda’s movement and its impact. Post-Munda tribal movements in Jharkhand. Nature of tribal struggles â?? militant vs. peaceful. Role of constitutional means in tribal movements. Successes and limitations of peaceful approaches. Introduction: Birsa Munda’s movement (late 19th and … Read more “After Birsa Munda’s movement, the struggle of tribals of Jharkhand gave up its militant and violent methodology and took constitutional and peaceful cause.” How far do you agree with this statement?

Points to Remember: Birsa Munda’s imprisonment and release. Reasons for his premature release. Historical context of late 19th-century India. Analysis of potential reasons for release. Introduction: Birsa Munda (c. 1875 â?? 1900) was a tribal freedom fighter and religious leader who played a significant role in the resistance against British colonial rule in the region … Read more Why was Birsa Munda released from prison on 30th November 1897 before the expiry of his sentence? (A) His health condition was bad (B) Diamond jubilee celebration of Empress Victoria (C) Popular pressure on the government (D) Mercy petition filed by Christian missionaries on his behalf

Points to Remember: The question focuses on identifying the year of a specific Gaya session of the Indian National Congress with significant tribal participation. The key information is the year and the number of tribal participants from Chotanagpur. The approach required is factual, relying on historical records. Introduction: The Indian National Congress (INC), founded in … Read more When was the Gaya Session of the Indian National Congress held in which 800 tribals from Chotanagpur participated? (A) 1922 (B) 1920 (C) 1924 (D) 1938

Keywords: Indus Valley Civilization, impressive features, characteristics. Required Approach: Factual and Analytical Points to Remember: Advanced Urban Planning Sophisticated Drainage Systems Standardized Weights and Measures Artistic and Craft Traditions Trade Networks and Connections Writing System (Undeciphered) Religious Practices and Beliefs Introduction: The Indus Valley Civilization (IVC), also known as the Harappan Civilization, flourished in the … Read more Discuss the most impressive features of the Indus Valley Civilization.

Points to Remember: The question tests knowledge of a specific event in Gandhi’s early life in South Africa. The correct answer will identify the destination of the train journey during which Gandhi experienced racial discrimination. Accuracy is key; the question requires precise recall of historical facts. Introduction: This question pertains to a pivotal incident in … Read more Gandhi was thrown out of the first-class compartment during his first journey from Durban to (A) Cape Town (B) Transvaal (C) Natal (D) Pretoria

Points to Remember: The question requires identifying the historical figure who gave the famous call “Chalo Delhi”. The approach is factual, requiring historical knowledge. Introduction: The call “Chalo Delhi” (“Let’s go to Delhi”) is a significant phrase in Indian history, associated with the Indian independence movement. It represents a rallying cry for the march towards … Read more Who gave the famous call “Chalo Delhi”? (A) Jawaharlal Nehru (B) Subhas Chandra Bose (C) Mahatma Gandhi (D) Hasrat Mohani

Points to Remember: Dara Shikoh’s literary contributions. The titles of his known works. Identifying the correct option from the given choices. Introduction: Dara Shikoh (1615-1659) was the eldest son of the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan. A renowned scholar and mystic, he was deeply interested in Sufism and comparative religion. His intellectual pursuits led him to … Read more Dara Shikoh was the author of which of the following books? (A) Safinat-ul-Auliya (B) Sakinat-ul-Auliya (C) Majma-ul-Bahrain (D) All of the above

Points to Remember: The question requires identifying the year a Royal Commission was appointed to examine drug trafficking in India. The approach is purely factual; it requires retrieving specific historical information. Introduction: The history of drug control in India is complex and spans several centuries. While various legislative measures were introduced over time to address … Read more In which year was a Royal Commission appointed to examine the trafficking of intoxicating drugs in India? (A) 1858 (B) 1875 (C) 1893 (D) None of the above

Points to Remember: Sher Shah Suri’s real name. Identifying the correct option from the given choices. Introduction: Sher Shah Suri was a prominent Afghan ruler who significantly impacted the Indian subcontinent in the 16th century. He briefly interrupted the Mughal empire’s reign, establishing the Suri dynasty. His reign is remembered for administrative reforms and military … Read more What was the real name of Sher Shah Suri? (A) Farid (B) Akbar (C) Zaheer (D) Shahab

Points to Remember: Key features of local self-government in different historical Indian administrations. Comparison of the extent and nature of local governance under Chola, Gupta, Vijayanagara, and Mughal empires. Identification of the administration with the most striking feature of local self-government. Introduction: The question asks to identify which of the four given administrations â?? Chola, … Read more The local self-government was the most striking feature of (A) Chola Administration (B) Gupta Administration (C) Vijayanagar Administration (D) Mughal Administration

Points to Remember: The Delhi Sultanate had a complex administrative system. Various departments managed different aspects of governance. Identifying the department responsible for military affairs is key. Introduction: The Delhi Sultanate (1206-1526 CE) witnessed the establishment of a sophisticated administrative system under various dynasties like the Mamluks, Khiljis, Tughlaqs, and Sayyids. This system was crucial … Read more The military department during the Delhi Sultanate was known as (A) Diwan-i-Risalat (B) Diwan-i-Arz (C) Diwan-i-Insha (D) Diwan-i-Amir Kohi

Points to Remember: The question pertains to the material used for a famous artifact discovered at Mohenjo-daro. The answer requires factual knowledge about Indus Valley Civilization artifacts. Introduction: The Indus Valley Civilization (IVC), flourishing between 3300 and 1300 BCE, left behind a rich archaeological legacy. Mohenjo-daro, one of its major cities, is renowned for its … Read more The beautiful figure of a dancing girl found at Mohenjo-daro was made of (A) Silver (B) Bronze (C) Gold (D) None of the above