JPSC MAINS 2016 Paper-5

Keywords: Jharkhand, Industrial Policy, Industrial Development, Government Steps. Required Approach: Primarily factual and analytical, with some elements of opinion-based assessment of the effectiveness of the policies. Points to Remember: Jharkhand’s resource-rich nature and its potential for industrial growth. The government’s focus areas in its industrial policy. Specific schemes and initiatives implemented. Challenges faced in industrial … Read more Discuss the present industrial policy of the Jharkhand Government. Examine the steps undertaken by the government to promote industrial development.

Points to Remember: Low productivity due to fragmented landholdings, lack of irrigation, and outdated farming techniques. Inadequate infrastructure (storage, transportation, market access). Limited access to credit, technology, and market information. Climate change vulnerability and soil degradation. Lack of farmer education and extension services. Policy implementation challenges and corruption. Introduction: Jharkhand, a state rich in mineral … Read more Discuss the causes of poor performance of the agricultural sector in Jharkhand. Suggest measures for achieving a high growth rate of agricultural production and productivity.

Points to Remember: Defining inclusion in the context of employment and education. Identifying key indicators for measuring inclusion. Analyzing Indian data on employment and education to assess economic inclusion. Discussing limitations of available data and potential biases. Suggesting improvements in data collection and policy recommendations. Introduction: Inclusion, in the context of economic development, refers to … Read more How is â??inclusionâ?? measured? Do Indian data show economic inclusion in employment and primary/secondary education?

Keywords: Economic reforms, India, assessment parameters, impact, critical examination. Required Approach: Analytical Points to Remember: Identify key economic reforms in India (e.g., liberalization, privatization, globalization). Discuss the parameters used to assess these reforms (e.g., GDP growth, poverty reduction, income inequality, inflation, foreign investment). Analyze both positive and negative impacts of the reforms on various sectors … Read more In the light of the parameters used for assessing economic reforms, critically examine its impact on the Indian economy.

Points to Remember: Defects in Agricultural Marketing: Inefficient supply chains, price volatility, exploitation of farmers, lack of market information, inadequate storage and transportation facilities, post-harvest losses. Government Initiatives: e-NAM, Agricultural Produce and Livestock Marketing (Regulation) Act, 2017 (APMC reforms), infrastructure development, farmer producer organizations (FPOs), technology adoption. Introduction: Agricultural marketing in India faces significant challenges … Read more Examine the defects of agricultural marketing in India. What steps are being taken by the government to remove them?

Points to Remember: Shifting global economic landscape and its impact on India’s trade. Rise of new trading partners and diversification of trade baskets. Impact of geopolitical events on trade relations. Role of government policies and initiatives in shaping trade direction. Challenges and opportunities in the evolving trade scenario. Introduction: India’s foreign trade has undergone a … Read more Discuss in detail recent changes in the composition and direction of Indiaâ??s foreign trade.

Keywords: WTO, Indian agriculture, impact Required Approach: Analytical (examining both positive and negative impacts) Points to Remember: WTO agreements and their relevance to Indian agriculture. Impact on agricultural subsidies, trade liberalization, and market access. Challenges faced by Indian farmers due to WTO regulations. Opportunities created by WTO membership for Indian agriculture. Policy recommendations for mitigating … Read more Discuss in detail the impact of WTO on Indian agriculture.

Points to Remember: Key provisions of the National Food Security Act (NFSA). Mechanisms for reducing food insecurity among low-income groups. Potential limitations and challenges in implementation. Suggestions for improvement and strengthening the Act. Introduction: Food insecurity, the state of being without reliable access to a sufficient quantity of affordable, nutritious food, plagues a significant portion … Read more Discuss various provisions in the latest National Food Security Act. Show that the Act may reduce insecurity among low-income people.

Points to Remember: The question requires factual information regarding the allocation of funds to Jharkhand in the 10th Five-Year Plan (2002-2007). The answer must be precise and based on verifiable data from official sources. Introduction: The Tenth Five-Year Plan (2002-2007) of India was a crucial period for economic development and resource allocation across states. The … Read more In the 10th Five-Year Plan, how much money had been allocated to Jharkhand State by the Planning Commission? (A) â?¹14,632 crore (B) â?¹24,850 crore (C) â?¹20,480 crore (D) None of these

Points to Remember: Jharkhand’s population rank among Indian states. Reliance on factual data for accurate ranking. Introduction: India’s population distribution is highly diverse, with significant variations in population density and size across its states and union territories. Understanding the population rank of individual states provides valuable insights into regional demographics and resource allocation needs. This … Read more From the viewpoint of population, what is the rank of Jharkhand among Indian States? (A) 11th (B) 12th (C) 13th (D) None of these

Points to Remember: Jharkhand’s forest cover distribution. Comparison of forest cover across districts. Data sources for forest cover information. Introduction: Jharkhand, a state in eastern India, is known for its significant forest cover. Determining which district possesses the maximum forest cover requires analyzing data from reliable sources such as the India State of Forest Report … Read more Which of the following areas has the maximum forest cover in Jharkhand? (A) Chatra (B) Hazaribagh (C) Ghatshila (D) Ranchi

Points to Remember: The question requires factual knowledge about India’s GDP composition based on CSO data. The specific data point sought is the agricultural sector’s share in the total GDP for 2013-14 at 2011-12 prices. Accuracy is paramount; the answer must be based on verifiable information from the Central Statistical Organisation (CSO) of India. Introduction: … Read more According to the new series of national income, released by the CSO at 2011-12 prices, the share of agriculture in total GDP in 2013-14 was (A) 12% (B) 15% (C) 18% (D) None of these

Points to Remember: Globalization’s multifaceted nature. India’s specific context within globalization. Distinguishing between aspects of globalization and its potential consequences. Introduction: Globalization refers to the increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of countries through the exchange of goods, services, information, and ideas. It’s a complex process driven by technological advancements, reduced trade barriers, and increased capital mobility. … Read more Globalization of the Indian economy means (A) Establishing business units abroad (B) Giving up programs of import substitutions (C) Having minimum possible restriction on economic relations with other nations (D) Stepping up external borrowing

Points to Remember: Jharkhand’s economic foundation rests on multiple sectors, but one dominates. Understanding the contribution of each sector is crucial. The question requires a factual approach, identifying the most significant contributor to Jharkhand’s GDP. Introduction: Jharkhand, a state in eastern India, is rich in natural resources but faces challenges in diversifying its economy. While … Read more What is the main basis of the economy of Jharkhand? (A) Agriculture (B) Industry (C) Mining (D) Transfer

Points to Remember: Current FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) policy in India. Sectors with restrictions on FDI. Reasons behind FDI restrictions. Potential implications of allowing 100% FDI. Introduction: Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) plays a crucial role in a nation’s economic growth by bringing in capital, technology, and expertise. However, governments often regulate FDI inflows, particularly in … Read more At present 100% FDI is not allowed in (A) Defence (B) Drugs and Pharmaceuticals (C) Banks (D) Insurance

Keywords: Central Government of India, subsidy, food subsidy, fertilizer subsidy, export subsidy, petroleum subsidy, maximum share. Required Approach: Factual. This question requires identifying the factual data regarding the allocation of central government subsidies in India. Points to Remember: The Indian government provides various subsidies to support different sectors of the economy. The allocation of subsidies … Read more Which one of the following gets the maximum share in the total subsidy given by the Central Government of India? (A) Food subsidy (B) Fertilizer subsidy (C) Export subsidy (D) Petroleum subsidy

Points to Remember: Identify the sector attracting the highest Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in India during the last decade. Understand the factors contributing to FDI inflow in different sectors. Analyze the data related to FDI inflow in India. Introduction: Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) plays a crucial role in a nation’s economic growth by providing capital, … Read more In the last decade, which sector has attracted the highest FDI in India? (A) Fertilizer (B) Insurance (C) Telecommunication (D) Food Processing

Keywords: Sustainable economic development, saving, investment. Required Approach: Analytical Points to Remember: The relationship between saving and investment in driving sustainable economic development. The role of both saving and investment in capital formation and economic growth. The limitations of relying solely on either saving or investment. Introduction: Sustainable economic development is a multifaceted concept encompassing … Read more Sustainable economic development depends on (A) Investment, not saving (B) Saving, not investment (C) Both saving and investment (D) Neither saving nor investment

Points to Remember: India’s Five-Year Plans aimed at achieving specific socio-economic goals. Each plan had a primary focus, though multiple objectives were pursued simultaneously. Identifying the central theme of each plan is crucial to answering the question. Introduction: India’s Five-Year Plans, initiated in 1951, represent a cornerstone of its economic and social development strategy. These … Read more â??Towards faster and more inclusive growthâ? was the goal of (A) 9th Five-Year Plan (B) 10th Five-Year Plan (C) 11th Five-Year Plan (D) None of these

Points to Remember: The question asks for India’s Human Development Index (HDI) rank in 2016. The answer requires factual information, not analysis or opinion. The options provided are specific numerical ranks. Introduction: The Human Development Index (HDI) is a summary measure of average achievement in key dimensions of human development. It is used to rank … Read more What was the rank of India in HDI among 188 nations of the world in the year 2016? (A) 130 (B) 181 (C) 182 (D) 133

Points to Remember: National debt represents the total amount of money a government owes to its creditors. Different financial instruments contribute to a nation’s debt or represent savings within the nation. Understanding the distinction between government borrowing and private savings is crucial. Introduction: National debt is a critical aspect of a nation’s fiscal health. It … Read more Which of the following is not considered as a national debt? (A) LIC Policies (B) Long term government bonds (C) Provident Fund (D) National Saving Certificates

Points to Remember: Capital formation involves increasing a nation’s capital stock. It considers both gross and net additions to capital. It encompasses various types of capital, not just physical assets. Accurate measurement is crucial for economic planning. Introduction: Capital formation is a cornerstone of economic growth. It refers to the process of increasing a nation’s … Read more Capital formation denotes (A) Flow of expenditure devoted to increase the capital stock (B) Net addition to capital stock after depreciation (C) Production exceeding demand (D) Expenditure on physical assets only

Points to Remember: Domestic savings are crucial for investment and economic growth. India’s saving rate fluctuates based on various economic factors. Official data sources are needed for accurate assessment. The question requires a factual approach. Introduction: Domestic savings represent the portion of national income that is not consumed but instead saved by households, businesses, and … Read more The estimated average rate of domestic saving in India currently is in the range of (A) 15 to 20% (B) 20 to 25% (C) 25 to 30% (D) None of these

Points to Remember: GDP components: Consumption, Investment, Government Spending, Net Exports (Exports – Imports). India’s economic structure: Primarily driven by consumption. Data sources: National Statistical Office (NSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation. Introduction: Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the total monetary or market value of all the finished goods and services produced within a … Read more What among the following forms the largest components of GDP in India? (A) Consumption expenditure (B) Investment expenditure (C) Export (D) Import

Points to Remember: Balance of Payments (BoP) is a record of all economic transactions between the residents of a country and the rest of the world in a particular period. The BoP is divided into two main accounts: the current account and the capital and financial account. The current account records transactions related to goods, … Read more Which item among the following is not included in the current account of balance of payments? (A) Export and import of goods (B) Export and import of services (C) Transfer payments (D) Net borrowing from abroad

Points to Remember: The Narsimham Committee was a significant committee appointed by the Indian government to address crucial reforms in a specific sector of the Indian economy. Identifying the sector targeted by the committee requires knowledge of Indian economic history and the committee’s mandate. Introduction: The Narsimham Committee, officially known as the Committee on the … Read more Narsimham Committee â?? I was appointed for (A) Agricultural sector reform (B) Industrial sector reform (C) Insurance sector reform (D) Banking sector reform

Points to Remember: Inflation is a general increase in the prices of goods and services in an economy over a period of time. Several factors contribute to inflation. Understanding the causes of inflation is crucial for effective policymaking. Introduction: Inflation, a persistent increase in the general price level of goods and services in an economy, … Read more Inflation is due to (A) Demand for higher incomes (B) Rising demand not accompanied by rising supply (C) Structural imbalances in the economy (D) All of the above

Keywords: RBI, credit creation, commercial banks, bank rate, government securities, cash reserve ratio (CRR), rediscounting bills. Required Approach: Factual and Analytical Points to Remember: The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) employs various monetary policy tools to control the money supply and inflation, influencing credit creation by commercial banks. Understanding the impact of each tool on … Read more RBI can restrict credit creation by Commercial Banks by (A) Increasing bank rate (B) Selling government securities to banks (C) Reducing cash reserve requirements (D) Rediscounting more bills