Polity

Gram Nyayalaya is a mobile court and exercises the powers of both Criminal and Civil Courts; the seat of the Gram Nyayalaya will be located at the headquarters of the intermediate Panchayat, but they will go to villages, work there and dispose of the cases. The Gram Nyayalaya are supposed to try to settle the … Read more DMPQ: Write a short note on Gram Nyayalayas (POLITY)

Benami transactions refer to those transactions in which the real beneficiary of the transaction and the person in whose name the transaction is made are different, specifically transactions relating to properties. The property is held by one person while the payment for purchasing the property is made by another.   Effect on economy: Loss of … Read more DMPQ: What is benami transactions? How it affects the economy? Discuss the provisions of the Benami transactions amendment act? (Acts)

Article 368 in Part XX of the Constitution deals with the powers of Parliament to amend the Constitution and its procedure. It states that the Parliament may, in exercise of its constituent power, amend by way of addition, variation or repeal any provision of the Constitution in accordance with the procedure laid down for the … Read more DMPQ- Describe the procedure of amendment in the constitution.

. The governor is neither directly elected by the people nor indirectly elected by a specially constituted electoral college as is the case with the president. He is appointed by the president by warrant under his hand and seal. In a way, he is a nominee of the Central government. But, as held by the … Read more DMPQ- Trace the constitutional provisions for the appointment and conditions for the post of Governor.

Basic structure doctrine was given in the Keshvanand Bharati case in 1973. According to it some basic elements of the constitution cannot be amended. Ambit of basic structure is not defined by any rule and regulation. It has been constantly evolving by judicial interpretation. Example of basic structure are secularism, supremacy of the constitution, separation … Read more What is basic structure of the constitution and discuss its relevance? 

For the conduct of free and fair elections an independent Election Commission has been provided for in Article 324. The constitution makers has not left the elections to jurisdiction of the executive and legislative departments of the government. The role played by ECI are as follows: Conduction of elections: President, VP, Rajya sabha lok sabha, … Read more DMPQ: Safeguarding the political right is an integral part of the constitution. In this context discuss the role of election commission

Pardoning powers granted under article 72 of the constitution to the President   Pardon – It removes both the sentence and the conviction and completely absolves the convict from all the sentences, punishments and disqualifications. Commutation – It denotes the substitution of one form of punishment for a lighter form. Remission – It implies reducing … Read more DMPQ: Explain the terms mentioned in the pardoning power of the President.

Citizen amendment bill (2016) seeks to ease norms for religious minorities from neighbouring countries (non-Muslims) to get Indian citizenship.  But it has polarised regions in borders states like Assam as the locals fear a demographic change might be ushered due to immigration.   Features:   Citizenship Act, 1955 allows an immigrant to apply for citizenship … Read more DMPQ: Discuss the features of citizen amendment bill 2016.( Acts)

Measuring corruption There are two main types of Corruption based on its quantum – Petty Corruption faced by common man in his day to day life and Grand Corruption which takes place at higher levels. While the former is based predominantly on duress, the latter is more consensual and is driven by expectations of mutual … Read more DMPQ- What are the various means to measure corruption?

DPSP prima facie appears to be not an effective tool as they are non justiciable, non enforceable unlike Fundamental rights. Further their implementation are at the will of the Politicians and law makers.  But outright rejection of DPSP and terming them ineffective will be injustice to the constitution makers. They have their own benefits: Dr … Read more DMPQ:Directive Principles of States Policy is not an effective tool and they are just constitutional instrument without much substance. Discuss.

PRAGATI is an information and communications technology-based platform for, as the name reveals, pro-active governance and timely implementation. It was launched in 2015. It is an interactive and integrated platform chiefly for addressing the grievances of the common man, while at the same time, monitoring government projects and programmes/schemes. The platform was designed by the … Read more DMPQ- Write short note on PRAGATI.

In reality the parliamentary control over the executive is more theoretical than practical. The following factors are responsible for this: The administration has grown in volume and the Parliament has neither the time nor the expertise to control it. Parliamentarians are usually laymen who face difficulty in understanding the demands for grants which is technical … Read more DMPQ- Parliamentary control over executive is on decline. Discuss the factors responsible for it.

. The Constitution has constituted the Supreme Court as the guarantor and defender of the fundamental rights of the citizens. The Supreme Court is empowered to issue writs including habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo-warrento and certiorari for the enforcement of the fundamental rights of an aggrieved citizen. In this regard, the Supreme Court has original … Read more DMPQ- “Supreme court’s writ jurisdiction power is given to defend people’s fundamental rights.” Elucidate.

. The Indian Parliament cannot be regarded as a sovereign body as there are ‘legal’ restrictions on its authority and jurisdiction. The factors that limit the sovereignty of Indian Parliament are: Written Nature of the Constitution The Constitution is the fundamental law of the land in our country. It has defined the authority and jurisdiction … Read more DMPQ- Point out the factors which limit the sovereignty of India’s parliament.

Under President’s Rule: The State Governments cannot ignore the directions of the Union Government, otherwise the President can take the action against the Government of the State stating that the administration cannot be carried on the accordance with the provisions of the Constitution and thus can impose President’s rule on the State. In such an … Read more DMPQ- Evaluate the centre State Relations During Emergencies

Legislative Council or Vidhan Parishad is the upper house in bicameral legislatures in some states of India. Article 169 of the constitution of India deals with the creation or abolition of State Legislative Councils. The power of abolition and creation of the State legislative council is vested in Parliament of India as per article 169. To create … Read more DMPQ- What is the procedure for the formation of legislative council?

Social Media can be defined as any web or mobile based platform that enables an individual or agency to communicate interactively and enables exchange of user generated content and it is explained by a number of tools, which includes blogs, Wikis, discussion forums, micro-blogs, twitter and social networking sites. Internet has become a platform for coordination … Read more DMPQ-Explain the Role of media and Social networking sites in internal security Challenges.

A pressure group is a group of people who are organised actively for promoting and defending their common interest. It is so called as it attempts to bring a change in public policy by exerting pressure on the government. It acts as a liaison between the government and its members. Example: All India Trade Union … Read more DMPQ- How Pressure groups affect the Political structure and its dynamics across the country.

State police forces had 24% vacancies (about 5.5 lakh vacancies) in January 2016. Hence, while the sanctioned police strength was 181 police per lakh persons in 2016, the actual strength was 137 police. Note that the United Nations recommended standard is 222 police per lakh persons.  86% of the state police comprises of constabulary. Constables … Read more DMPQ- Describe how Indian Police is overburdened. Also mention the major lacks in police infrastructure in Indian police.

While both the areas under 5th schedule and 6th schedule have dominance of the tribal people, constitution calls them with different names as Scheduled Area under 5th schedule while Tribal areas under 6th schedule. While executive powers of the union extend in Scheduled areas with respect to their administration in 5th schedule; the 6th schedule areas remain … Read more DMPQ:What is the difference between the V schedule and VI schedule of the constitution?

Supreme court of India in its judgement rightly stated that it is only education which gives a human being the power to discriminate between right and wrong, good or bad. Hence educational criteria is valid criteria.  The states under article 246(3) can make laws to enable the functioning of self -government. The benefits attached with … Read more DMPQ- Education gives a human being the power to discriminate between right and wrong, good or bad. Discuss the statement in the context of basic education being the criteria for fighting election.

Over the years, a large number of initiatives have been undertaken by various State Governments and Central Ministries to usher in an era of e-governance. Sustained efforts have been made at multiple levels to improve the delivery of public services and simplify the process of accessing them. E-governance in India has steadily evolved from computerization … Read more DMPQ- What is Governance & Services on Demand?

In the era of digitalisation, achieving digital connectivity is a must for providing socio-economic benefits to the masses. Digital connectivity enhances the pace and efficiency of the pro welfare schemes. In every spheres be education, health, finance, employment etc. digital connectivity can empowered the untouched masses. To realise this Bharat Net has been launched.   … Read more DMPQ: Providing Digital connectivity to all sections will help to create true inclusivity. Bharat Net is a project to accomplish the digital connectivity. Discuss the salient features of Bharat Net. ( schemes)

Consolidated Fund of India This is the chief account of the Government of India. The inflow to this fund is by way of taxes like Income Tax, Central Excise, Customs and also non-tax revenues which arise to the government in connection with the conduct of its business. Loans raised by issue of treasury bills are … Read more DMPQ- Difference between consolidated fund and Public accounts of India.

The Van Dhan Scheme is an initiative of the Ministry of Tribal Affairs and TRIFED.  It was launched on 14th April, 2018 and seeks to improve tribal incomes through value addition of tribal products. The scheme will be implemented through Ministry of Tribal Affairs as Nodal Department at the Central Level and TRIFED as Nodal … Read more DMPQ- Van Dhan scheme.

Act of parliament relating to following matters would not apply to Nagaland unless state assembly so decides: ? Religious & social practices of Nagas ? Nagas customary law & procedure ? Administration of civil or criminal justice involving decisions according to Naga customary law ? Ownership & transfer of land & its resources Special responsibility … Read more DMPQ- Special status is accorded to Nagaland under article 371A. What are the different provisions of the article?

a) To enable children to become motivated, independent and engaged readers and writers with comprehension possessing sustainable and lasting reading and writing skills and achieve learnings level appropriate to the class of study. b) To make the children understand the reasoning in the domains of number, measurement and shapes, and enable them to become independent … Read more DMPQ:Write down the objectives of padebharat and bhadebharat.

Civil service neutrality means that civil servants must be non-partisan. They must serve whoever is the elected government of the day. They must be responsible and responsive to the government’s policies. They must obey the lawful political wishes of whomever is in power and serve governments of any party with the same degree of commitment. … Read more DMPQ- What do you understand by the term Civil service neutrality?

Any MP who is not a Minister isreferred to as a private member. Bills introducedby Ministers are referred to as government bills.They are backed by the government and reflect itslegislative agenda. Private member’s bills arepiloted by non-Minister MPs. Introduction in the House: The admissibility of a private member’s Bill isdecided by the Presiding Officer. The … Read more DMPQ: Who is a private member in a Parliament? Outline the procedure of passing a Private member bill?

The Parliamentary system of government refers to “a system of government having the real executive power vested in a cabinet composed of members of the legislature who are individually and collectively responsible to the legislature. Reasons for adopting Parliamentary government are as follows: Because of the familiarity with the previous government of India act 1909,1919 … Read more DMPQ- Why our constitutional makers adopted parliamentary form of government?

According to the world bank report, agriculture irrigated land is 36% of the total agricultural land. Most of the un irrigated area lies in the poverty hit areas like vidharbha region, bundhelkhand, Telangana plateau etc. As a result of this there is complete dependency on Monsoon which itself is non reliable. Hence Government came up … Read more DMPQ: What are the objectives and features of Pradhanmantri Krishi Sichai Yojana? ( Government Schemes)

Potholes are a major cause for accidental deaths and between 2013 and 2016, official statistics says that 11,836 deaths due to it in India. Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra have the dubious distinction for consistently causing potholes related accidents. Significantly, pothole related deaths peak during monsoons and ironically. While cases are to … Read more DMPQ- What are the challenges in ensuring road safety in India?

The Ministry of Finance, Government of Indi had set up a dedicated fund called Nirbhaya Fund in 2013, for implementation of initiatives aimed at enhancing the safety and security for women in the country. • It is a non-lapsable corpus fund. • Various schemes and programmes, related to security of women, are being implemented under … Read more DMPQ: Write a note on Nirbhaya Fund

Wrongful restraint: The expression “Wrongful re­straint” implies keeping a man out of a place where he wishes and has a right to be. Section 339 defines it thus: “Whoever voluntarily ob­structs any person so as to prevent that person from proceeding in any direction in which that person has a right to proceed is said … Read more DMPQ- Differentiate between Wrongful restraint and Wrongful confinement.

Article 153 of Indian constitution establishes the office of governor in every state of Indian union. All executive decisions of the state are under the name of governor (Article 154). Governor will hold the office till he/she enjoys the pleasure of president (Article 156). Governor’s office is of vital importance having multifaceted role. But frequent … Read more DMPQ: In India governor’s role is not beyond criticism. There is an allegation of Governors post being politicised and not more than decorated post. What changes you can suggest to change this perception?

The Members of Parliament Local Area Development Scheme (MPLADS) is an ongoing Central Sector Scheme which was launched in 1993-94. The Scheme enables the Members of Parliament to recommend works for creation of durable community assets based on locally felt needs to be taken up in their constituencies in the area of national priorities namely … Read more DMPQ- MPLADS scheme.

Coalitions have advantages of greater representation and restraining the government from changing policy suddenly and randomly, permitting policy stability. It helps to fuse the regional aspiration with the national government thereby diluting the sub-regionalism. It prevent authoritarianism of a single majority party rule. It can prevent the undue constitutional crisis like emergency. It helps to … Read more DMPQ: What are the advantages of having a coalition government in India?

The origin of this committee can be traced to the standing financial committee set up in 1921. The first Estimates Committee in the post-independence era was constituted in 1950 on the recommendation of John Mathai, the then finance minister. Originally, it had 25 members but in 1956 its membership was raised to 30. All the … Read more DMPQ- . Discuss the origin and functions of estimates committee.

The distribution of legislative powers between the Centre and the states is rigid. Consequently, the Centre cannot delegate its legislative powers to the states and a single state cannot request the Parliament to make a law on a state subject. The distribution of executive power in general follows the distribution of legislative powers. But, such … Read more DMPQ- Throw light on the constitutional provisions which enable the mutual delegation of power between Centre and states.

. The Constitution defines the territorial limits of the legislative powers vested in the Centre and the states in the following way: The Parliament can make laws for the whole or any part of the territory of India. The territory of India includes the states, the union territories, and any other area for the time … Read more DMPQ- . Describe the territorial extent of Centre and state legislative powers.

Constitutions are classified into written, like the American Constitution, or unwritten, like the British Constitution. The Constitution of India is the lengthiest of all the written constitutions of the world. It is a very comprehensive, elaborate and detailed document. Originally (1949), the Constitution contained a Preamble, 395 Articles (divided into 22 Parts) and 8 Schedules. … Read more DMPQ- Explain why India’s constitution is lengthiest constitution in the world?

The question whether Fundamental Rights can be amended by the Parliament under Article 368 came for consideration of the Supreme Court within a year of the Constitution coming into force. In the Shankari Prasad case  (1951), the constitutional validity of the First Amendment Act (1951), which curtailed the right to property, was challenged. The Supreme … Read more DMPQ- Explain the concept of ‘Basic structure of Constitution’. What are important elements of basic structure of Constitution.

It is one of the components of ADR (Alternative Dispute Resolution) systems.  This concept of the settlement of disputes through mediation, negotiation or arbitration is conceptualized and institutionalized in the philosophy of Lok Adalat. It involves people who are directly or indirectly affected by dispute resolution. This system is based on Gandhian principles.   Powers … Read more DMPQ: What are lok adalats? Write down the Powers of lok adalats? What are the advantages of lok adalats? (POLITY)

One of the key components of the National Rural Health Mission is to provide every village in the country with a trained female community health activist ASHA or Accredited Social Health Activist. Selected from the village itself and accountable to it, the ASHA will be trained to work as an interface between the community and … Read more DMPQ: ASHA

Constitution amendment can be done via article 368 of the constitution which suggest two mays to amend the constitution apart from that there are other ways also through which constitution can be amended i.e. with simple majority.  The procedure is as follows:

Article 61 of the constitution provides for the impeachment procedure of President.  The impeachment can be done on the basis of violation of the constitution. No such charge shall be preferred unless- the proposal to prefer such charge is contained in a resolution which has been moved after at least fourteen days’ notice in writing … Read more DMPQ- Impeachment of President under article 61 is a difficult task to achieve. Comment

The Finance Bill, 2017, introduced “electoral bonds”, that are interest free bearer bonds. It is an instrument that is used to donate money to political parties. The parties involved will probably be a donor, the political party and the RBI — which acts as the intermediary.Electoral bonds can be purchased from an authorized bank, issued … Read more DMPQ:What are electoral bonds? Electoral bonds does not pass the test of transparency. Comment (POLITY)

Social sufferings such as poverty, unemployment and disease are the sound grounds for advocating the provisions of social security measures in India as national programme. Social security is a dynamic conception which is considered in all advanced countries of the world as an indispensable of the national programme with the development of the idea of … Read more DMPQ- What is Social Security?

Judicial activism, an approach to the exercise of judicial review, or a description of a particular judicial decision, in which a judge is generally considered more willing to decide constitutional issues and to invalidate legislative or executive actions. Its emergence can be traced back to 1893, when Justice Mahmood of Allahabad High Court delivered a … Read more DMPQ- Evaluate the judicial activism in India.