Economy

In order to acknowledge and contain the ever-growing problem of groundwater depletion, the Indian Government introduced the Atal Bhujal Yojana (ABY) in December 2019 after getting financial approval by the World Bank in 2018. It has been launched under Jal Jeevan Mission of the government. Atal Bhujal scheme is related to groundwater usage and conservation … Read more DMPQ- Atal Bhujal Yojana.

Fiscal deficit refers to the excess of total budget expenditure over total budget receipts excluding borrowings during a fiscal year. Fiscal Deficit = Total Budget Expenditure – Total Receipts excluding borrowings = Revenue Expenditure + Capital Expenditure – Revenue receipts – Capital Receipts of only non-debt type   Implications of high fiscal deficit on economy: … Read more DMPQ- In the current COVID-19 crisis , the government is facing the issue of breaching the comfortable limit of fiscal deficit. What are the consequences of high fiscal deficit?

Merchant discount rate on debit cards is the amount that a merchant has to pay to its service providers when a consumer swipes her card on the merchant’s point of sales terminal. It is also applicable for online transactions and QR based transactions.  The amount that the merchant pays for every transaction gets distributed among … Read more DMPQ- Merchant discount rate.

On May 12 GOI, announced a special economic package of Rs 20 lakh crore (equivalent to 10% of India’s GDP) with the aim of making the country independent against the tough competition in the global supply chain and to help in empowering the poor, labourers, migrants who have been adversely affected by COVID. Collateral free … Read more DMPQ- Mention the steps taken by Government to boost business under Aatma Nirbhar bharat Abhiyan.

The purchasing power of a currency refers to the quantity of the currency needed to purchase a given unit of a good, or common basket of goods and services.  Purchasing power is clearly determined by the relative cost of living and inflation rates in different countries. Purchasing power parity means equalising the purchasing power of … Read more DMPQ- Purchasing power Parity.

To sustain the reforms brought in by scheme on ‘End to End Computerization of Targeted Public Distribution System (TPDS) Operations’ the Department of Food & Public Distribution has launched a new scheme namely “Integrated Management of Public Distribution System (IM-PDS)” for implementation during 2018-19 and 2019-20. The main objective of the scheme is to introduce … Read more DMPQ- One Nation One card scheme.

According to SEBI, Junk bonds are high yield bonds issued by low rated companies.   Junk bonds are a high-yielding debt instrument without an investment grade (noninvestment-grade bond).  These bonds carry a credit rating of BB and lower, because they have a higher risk of default. Typically, these bonds also give higher returns as opposed to … Read more DMPQ- What are junk bonds?

It is being implemented by the Ministry of Labour and Employment and is operational since August, 2016.  It was launched for incentivising employers for generation of new employment. The Government of India will pay the entire employer’s contribution (12 per cent or admissible contribution) towards the Employees’ Provident Fund (EPF) and the Employees’ Pension Scheme … Read more DMPQ- Pradhan mantri rojgar Prohtsahan yojana.

To overcome the economic impact of coronavirus-induced lockdown on the poor, Prime Minister Narendra Modi, soon after the imposition of lockdown on March 24, announced a relief of Rs 1.70 lakh crore under the Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana. salient features of the scheme —                Insurance cover of Rs 50 Lakh per health worker … Read more DMPQ- Salient features of Pradhan mantri gareeb kalyan Yojana.

Operation Twist is a program of quantitative easing used by the Federal Reserve. The so-called “twist” in the operation occurs whenever the Fed uses the proceeds of its sales from short-term Treasury bills to buy long-term Treasury notes. Short-term instruments mature in three years or less while long-term notes and bonds have a term between … Read more DMPQ- Operation Twist

Transfer pricing refers to the rules and methods for pricing transactions within and between enterprises under common ownership or control. Transfer pricing can be exploited for tax avoidance and tax evasion through Base erosion and profit shifting strategies. Base erosion and profit shifting refer to corporate tax planning strategies used by multinationals to “shift” profits … Read more DMPQ- What is Transfer Pricing and how does it effect loss of revenue? What are the provisions made by the government to counter Transfer Pricing?

Keynesian economics was developed by the British economist John Maynard Keynes during the 1930s in an attempt to understand the Great Depression. Keynesian Economics focuses on using active government policy to manage aggregate demand in order to address or prevent economic recessions. Thus it focuses on demand-side solutions to recessionary periods. Lowering interest rates is … Read more DMPQ- What is the basic Premise of Keynesian economics?

The Washington Consensus is a set of ten free market economic policy prescriptions considered to constitute the “standard” reform package promoted for crisis-wracked developing countries by Washington, D.C. – based institutions such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF), World Bank and United States Department of the Treasury. The prescriptions encompassed policies in such areas as … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on Washington Census.( Economy)

Operation Twist is a move in which a central bank decides to simultaneously buy long-dated securities while selling short-term securities. This is the first time RBI has undertaken such an unconventional policy measure with the aim of flattening the yield curve by lowering longer-term rates to boost lending and growth. Operation Twist normally leads to … Read more DMPQ- What is Operation Twist?

PPIs are instruments that facilitate the purchase of goods and services, including financial services, remittance facilities, etc., against the value stored on such instruments. The value stored on such instruments represents the value paid for by the holders by cash, by debit to a bank account, or by credit card. The pre-paid instruments can be … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on Prepaid instruments.

Accelerating Growth of New India’s Innovations or AGNIi is a national initiative under the guidance and support of the Principal Scientific Adviser to the Government of India. It is being handled by Invest India. AGNIi provides a platform for innovators to scale up their market-ready products by creating pathways for licensing, technology transfer and market … Read more DMPQ- AGNIi

Depository is a place where financial securities are held in dematerialised (DEMAT) i.e. in electronic form. It is responsible for maintenance of ownership records and the facilitation of trading in dematerialized securities. A depository eliminates the risk associated with holding physical securities. Earlier, the buyer would have to keep checking if the shares have been … Read more DMPQ-What is depository and how does it help an investor? Name the Depositories working in India.

Net domestic product (NDP) represents the net book value of all goods and services produced within a nation’s geographic borders over a specified period of time. Net domestic product provides insight into the age or obsolescence of a country’s assets, as well as how much the country has to spend to maintain its current GDP. After all, if the country … Read more DMPQ-What is Net Domestic Product?

Merger: It is a process wherein two or more companies are combined together to form either a new company or an existing company absorbing the other target companies. Amalgamation: It is a process wherein two or more companies combine to form an entirely new company. Acquisition: It is a process wherein one company purchases most … Read more DMPQ-Define the following term: • Merger • Amalgamation • Acquisition

When in an economy aggregate demand falls short of aggregate supply at full employment level, i.e. the production is more than the demand, the demand is said to be deficient demand and the gap is called deflationary gap. Causes of the deflationary gap are: Fall in aggregate demand (AD) due to: Fall in exports (global … Read more DMPQ-What is deflationary gap? Write down the causes and impact of deflationary gap?

The interest rate fluctuation impacts foreign investment in India. The developing countries like India tend to have a higher interest rate than those developed countries. The foreign investment institutes such as FIIs (Foreign Institutional Investors) borrow money from their domestic market at a low-interest rate and invest it in countries like India where the interest … Read more DMPQ- How the interest rate of the central bank of any nation affects foreign capital Investment in India?

A negotiable instrument is a signed document that promises a sum of payment to a specified person or the assignee. In other words, it is a transferable, signed document that promises to pay the bearer a sum of money at a future date or on-demand. The payee, who is the person receiving the payment, must … Read more DMPQ- What is a negotiable instrument. Mention the different types of negotiable instruments recognised by the Negotiable Instrument Act,1881.

Infrastructure is the term for the basic physical systems of a business or nation. Transportation, communication, sewage, water, and electric systems are all examples of infrastructure. These systems tend to be high-cost investments and are vital to a country’s economic development and prosperity. Grant of infrastructure status enables the industry to raise money from insurance … Read more DMPQ-What do you mean by Infrastructure? How does tagging of infrastructure status to Industry is beneficial. Name the Industries that are under infrastructure ambit.

Cost-push inflation occurs when overall prices increase due to increases in the cost of production. Higher costs of production can decrease the aggregate supply (total production) in the economy. If the demand remains unchanged, the prices of commodities increase causing a rise in the overall price level which then is passed on to consumers creating … Read more DMPQ- What is cost push inflation and how it is different from demand pull inflation?

Foot loose industries can be located in a wide variety of places. They are not dependent on any specific raw material, weight losing or otherwise. They largely depend on component parts which can be obtained anywhere. They produce in small quantity and also employ a small labour force. These are generally not polluting industries. The … Read more DMPQ- What are footloose industries?

The Act is expected to re-establish the rule of law with respect to the fugitive economic offenders as they would be forced to return to India to face trial for scheduled offences. This would also help the banks and other financial institutions to achieve higher recovery from financial defaults committed by such fugitive economic offenders, … Read more DMPQ- Discuss the salient features of Fugitive Economic offenders Act, 2018.

A foreign direct investment (FDI) is an investment in the form of a controlling ownership in a business in one country by an entity based in another country. It is thus distinguished from a foreign portfolio investment by a notion of direct control. Foreign direct investment (FDI) in India is a major monetary source for … Read more DMPQ- What is FDI? What are the sectors prohibited for FDI.

The National Sample Survey Organization (NSSO), since its inception in 1950, does the measurement of employment/unemployment in India. The National Sample Survey Organization (NSSO) provides three different estimates of employment and unemployment based on different approaches used to classify an individual’s activity status. These are : Usual status approach with a reference period of 365 … Read more DMPQ- What are the different methodologies to capture unemployment in India.

The Tobin Tax, named after Nobel Prize-winning US economist James Tobin, was proposed in 1971 for the first time with the intention to levy it on short-term capital currency transactions. whenever currency crises have erupted, the proposal for a levy on international currency transactions has been debated. Tobin tax as a tool to discourage speculative … Read more DMPQ- What do you understand by the term Tobin Tax?

NITI Aayog has created the India Knowledge Hub (IKH), a dynamic web portal, functioning as a repository to store and disseminate best practices from across the country. Reflecting the spirit of cooperative federalism, the NITI Aayog launched the India Knowledge Hub so that districts, States, Central ministries and other government institutions can exchange knowledge on … Read more DMPQ- INDIAN KNOWLEDGE HUB

SWAYATT is an initiative to promote Start-ups, Women and Youth Advantage Through eTransactions on Government e-Marketplace (GeM). This will bring together the key stakeholders within theIndian entrepreneurial ecosystem to Government e-Marketplace the national procurement portal. The nationallaunch of SWAYATT would further seek to promote inclusiveness by catapulting various categories of sellersand service providers, take proactive … Read more DMPQ-SWAYATT

The objective of Project CHAMAN is to provide strategic development to the horticulture sector, so as to increasefarmers income, a pioneer project called CHAMAN. The project is implemented by Mahalanobis is National CropForecast Centre (MNCFC)using remote sensing technology. Silent Features: Project CHAMAN carries out mapping of area and output of 7 horticultural crops in 12 … Read more DMPQ-Write a short note on Project CHAMAN.

India is currently the second largest producer of fisheries after China. To double the Farmer’s income by 2022 the government has created the Fisheries andAquaculture Infrastructure Development Fund (FAIDF) in 2018. Salient Features of the FAIDF: The main aim is to boost fish production to achieve the target of producing 15 million tonnes of fishproduction … Read more DMPQ-Write a short note on the fisheries and aquaculture infrastructure development fund.

The Indian agricultural system was plagued by ills of absentee landlordism, tenancy. Land reform was thereforeneeded to break the shackles of zamindari systems prevalent since British raj. Farmers were made owners of theirland after which they worked wholeheartedly on their farms. Significance of Land reforms in India: Land ceiling to disburse surplus land amongst small … Read more DMPQ-Land reforms were the initial initiatives taken post Independence era. Discuss the significance of the Land reforms.

The Nirvik scheme announced by the Union Government would give a fillip to export lending and insurance cover for export credit. The scheme aims to ease the lending process and enhance loanavailability for exporters.Under the scheme,the insurance cover guaranteed will cover up to 90% of the principaland interest. The insurance cover will include both pre … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on NIRVIK scheme?

Open Acreage Licensing Policy (OALP) gives an option to a company looking for exploring hydrocarbons to select the exploration blocks on its own, without waiting for the formal bid round from the Government. UnderOpen Acreage Licensing Policy (OALP), a bidder intending to explore hydrocarbons like oil and gas, coal bedmethane, gas hydrate etc., may apply … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on Open acreage licensing policy.

Core sectors of an economy are the main or the key industries in the economy. In India, there are 8 sectors which are considered the Core Sectors. The eight core sectors of the Indian economy are: Electricity Steel Refinery products Crude oil Coal Cement Natural gas Fertilisers These industries have a major impact on the general economic … Read more DMPQ-What are core sectors in Indian economy. How statistically the growth in the core sector is calculated?

a) Disinvestment: Disinvestment means sale or liquidation of assets by the government, usually Central and state public sector enterprises, projects, or other fixed assets.The government undertakes disinvestment to reduce the fiscal burden on the exchequer, or to raise money for meeting specific needs, such as to bridge the revenue shortfall from other regular sources. b) … Read more DMPQ- Explain following terms: a) Disinvestment b) Strategic Disinvestment c) Privitisation d) Offer for sale e) Cross Holding

Ministry of Commerce & Industry throughExport Credit Guarantee Corporation (ECGC) has introduced a new Export Credit Insurance Scheme (ECIS) called NIRVIK to enhance loan availability and ease the lending process.Enhanced cover will ensure that Foreign and Rupee export credit interest rates will be below 4%and 8% respectively for exporters.Under ECIS, insurance coverpercentage has also been … Read more DMPQ- What is Nirvik Scheme?

The following points highlight the two main sources of government revenue in India. Tax Revenue: Union Excise Duties: They are, presently, by far the leading source of revenue for the Central Government and are levied on commo­dities produced within the country, but exclu­ding those commodities on which State excise is levied (viz., liquors and narcotic … Read more DMPQ- Mention the ways to raise revenue by central government.

Aspire – A Scheme for Promotion of Innovation, Rural Industries and Entrepreneurship.  It was launched by Ministry of MSME. ASPIRE- was launched to set up a network of technology centres and to set up incubation centres to accelarateenterpreneurship and also to promote startups for innovation in agro industry   The main objectives of the scheme … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on ASPIRE Scheme.

Skills Acquisition and Knowledge Awareness for Livelihood (SANKALP) is an outcome-oriented programme of Ministry of Skill Development & Entrepreneurship (MSDE) with a special focus on decentralised planning and quality improvement.It is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme which is collaborated with the World Bank. It aims to implement the mandate of the National Skill Development Mission (NSDM). … Read more DMPQ: Write a short note on Sankalp Programme.

One Nation One Ration Card Scheme which will allow portability of food security benefits will be available across the country from 1st July, 2020. This means poor migrant workers will be able to buy subsidized rice and wheat from any ration shop in the country. Highlights of the Scheme The scheme is all about inter-state … Read more DMPQ: What is One Nation One card? Explain the rationale behind such theme?

A debenture redemption reserve (DRR) is a provision stating that any Indian corporation that issues debentures must create a debenture redemption service in an effort to protect investors from the possibility of a company defaulting. This provision was tacked onto the Indian Companies Act of 1956, in an amendment introduced in the year 2000. The … Read more DMPQ- What is debenture redemption reserve and write down its significance?

DRAFT NATIONAL RESOURCE EFFICIENCY POLICY was released by the Ministry for Environment, Forest and Climate Change for public comments.  The Policy notes that the material consumption in India has increased by six times from 1.2 billion tonnes in 1970 to 7 billion tonnes in 2015. It is expected to double by 2030, in view of … Read more DMPQ: Write a short note on National resource authority?

A geographical indication (GI) is a sign used on products that have a specific geographical origin and possess qualities or a reputation that are due to that origin. In order to function as a GI, a sign must identify a product as originating in a given place. A geographical indication right enables those who have … Read more DMPQ: Write a short note on GI tag.

National Investment and Infrastructure Fund Limited (NIIFL) is an investor-owned fund manager, anchored by the Government of India (GoI) in collaboration with leading global and domestic institutional investors. funds have investment mandates to invest in infrastructure assets and related businesses that are likely to benefit from the long-term growth trajectory of the Indian economy. Our … Read more DMPQ: Explain NIIF. Discuss the three types of funds under it.

Effects: Negative: All major industries getting affected such as Hospitality, tourism, Aviation will be directly impacted because of low demand. Gig economy affected mostly and it will lead to loss of Jobs and unemployment rate will increase. Export Industries will show loss in the forthcoming period due to reduction in the demand of export goods. … Read more DMPQ-Write down the effect of COVID-19 on the economy of the country.

It is anew Umbrella Scheme “Pradhan Mantri AnnadataAaySanraksHan Abhiyan’ (PM-AASHA).  The Scheme is aimed at ensuring remunerative prices to the farmers for their produce as announced in the Union Budget for 2018. The new Umbrella Scheme includes the mechanism of ensuring remunerative prices to the farmers and is comprised of   Price Support Scheme (PSS): … Read more DMPQ-Write a short note on the PM AASHA scheme?

As a host of emerging technologies change the future of work, a massive disruption is facing the IT-ITES industry today. Of the 4.5 m people employed in the industry today, 1.5 -2 m are expected to require reskilling in the next 4-5 years. A decoupling of revenue and headcount growth is visible even today and … Read more DMPQ-How Future skills portal launched recently is going to be beneficial for the economy of the country?