Bangam Manjhi was the leader of (A) Haribaba Movement (B) Satya Dharam (C) Sapha Hor (D) Sardar Movement

Points to Remember:

Identify the correct movement led by Bangam Manjhi.
Understand the historical context of the movements mentioned.
Differentiate between the aims and characteristics of each movement.

Introduction:

This question requires a factual approach to identify the social movement led by Bangam Manjhi. It tests knowledge of Indian social reform movements, particularly those focusing on the empowerment of marginalized communities. Bangam Manjhi was a prominent figure in the tribal movements of India, advocating for the rights and upliftment of marginalized groups. Understanding the specific movement he led requires knowledge of the historical context and the goals of each of the mentioned movements.

Body:

Understanding the Movements:

To answer the question accurately, we need to briefly examine each movement:

(A) Haribaba Movement: This movement, primarily active in the early 20th century, focused on religious reform and social justice within the tribal communities of Jharkhand and surrounding areas. It emphasized a syncretic blend of indigenous beliefs and Hinduism.
(B) Satya Dharam: This movement, also known as the Satnami movement, was a religious reform movement primarily among the Jatav caste in North India. It emphasized monotheism and social reform, rejecting caste discrimination.
(C) Sapha Hor: This movement was a significant tribal movement in Jharkhand, advocating for the rights and self-determination of tribal communities. It focused on land rights, forest rights, and cultural preservation. It was characterized by its resistance against exploitation and marginalization.
(D) Sardar Movement: This is a less well-known movement, and further research would be needed to accurately define its scope and objectives.

Identifying Bangam Manjhi’s Leadership:

Based on historical accounts and research on tribal movements in Jharkhand, Bangam Manjhi is primarily associated with the Sapha Hor movement (C). He was a key leader in mobilizing tribal communities against injustices and advocating for their rights. The Sapha Hor movement’s focus on land rights and self-determination aligns with the known activities of Bangam Manjhi. The other movements mentioned have different geographical focuses and primary objectives, making them less likely to be associated with him.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the correct answer is (C) Sapha Hor. Bangam Manjhi’s leadership within the Sapha Hor movement played a crucial role in advocating for the rights and self-determination of tribal communities in Jharkhand. Understanding the historical context and the specific goals of each movement is crucial for accurately answering this question. Further research into the lesser-known Sardar movement would be beneficial for a more comprehensive understanding of the spectrum of social reform movements in India. The legacy of leaders like Bangam Manjhi highlights the importance of continued efforts to ensure the rights and empowerment of marginalized communities, upholding constitutional values of social justice and equality.

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