Category: Geography

PVTGs constitute the most vulnerable section among tribals and largely reside in isolated, remote and difficult areas in small scattered hamlets. PVTG tag is given to identify the vulnerable tribes and to have specialised scheme to safeguard their cultural identity. Read More …

Earth magnetism is the property of earth behaving like a dynamo and showing magnetic property just like that of a magnetic bar. There are various theories behind this property. There is no valid reason for the cause of earth’s magnetism Read More …

Temperate cyclones are also known as Extra-tropical cyclone where the term “Extra-tropical” signifies that this type of cyclone generally occurs outside the tropics with a latitude range between 30° and 60°. Characteristics of Temperate Cyclone (Extra-Tropical Cyclones) The Extra-Tropical Cyclones Read More …

They are places on Earth that are so cold that water is frozen solid. These areas of snow or ice, which are subject to temperatures below 32°F for at least part of the year, compose the cryosphere. The term “cryosphere” comes from Read More …

Environmental ethics is a branch of ethics that studies the relation of human beings and the environment and how ethics play a role in this. Environmental ethics believe that humans are a part of society as well as other living Read More …

On 23 December 2005, the Government of India enacted the Disaster Management Act, which envisaged the creation of National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), headed by the Prime Minister, and State Disaster Management Authorities (SDMAs) headed by respective Chief Ministers, to Read More …

A watershed is the geographic area through which water flows across the land and drains into a common body of water – stream, river, lake, or ocean. The watershed boundary follows the highest ridgeline around the stream channels which separates Read More …

The factors, which affect the distribution of temperature of ocean water are as follows: Latitude: The temperature of surface water decreases from the equator towards the poles because the amount of insolation decreases pole-ward.   Unequal distribution of land and Read More …

Tropical Cyclone Extra tropical cyclone It has thermal origin and derives its energy from the latent heat of condensation It has dynamic origin involving coriolis force and movement of air masses. The energy of a temperate cyclone depends on the Read More …

Fold Mountains are commonly associated with continental crust. They are formed due to convergence between two continental plates or between an oceanic and a continental plate. This convergence happens at the convergent plate boundaries, also called as continental collision zones Read More …

A plain is a broad area of relatively flat land and is one of the major landforms on the earth surface. There are various types of Plains which are discussed as: Structural plains: relatively undisturbed horizontal surfaces of the earth. They Read More …

Weathering, water, elevation, sinking, and erosion of the soil are constantly shaping the surface of the Earth. It doesn’t really happen overnight but takes hundreds and thousands of years for us to notice these changes. These are the natural processes that lead to various formations Read More …

Inland waterways is an important mode of transport for any economy. Inland water transport contribute just 1% of the total freight and as the data suggest it is underutilised as in other countries the proportion of freight is relatively high. Read More …

The jute industries are majorly located in eastern region of the country. About 25% of the workforce are enrolled in the jute industry. 80% of the industries are in West Bengal only. The reasons for the high concentration of Jute Read More …

India’s geographical location of it being in tropical zone make it potent solar energy power house. As per Ministry of New and Renewable Energy or MNRE with about 300 clear and sunny days in a year, the calculated solar energy Read More …

There are places on Earth that are so cold that water is frozen solid. These areas of snow or ice, which are subject to temperatures below 32°F for at least part of the year, compose the cryosphere. The term “cryosphere” comes from Read More …

The Golan Heights are a fertile plateau of around 1,300 sq km area lying to the north and east of the Sea of Galilee, which Israel seized from Syria during the Six-Day War of 1967, and has occupied ever since. The Golan Read More …

After independence, India witnessed green , blue and white revolutions in farm, fishery and dairy sector respectively. Green revolution: It was initiated to achieve food security in the country. It included three components : continued expansion of farming areas, double-cropping Read More …

Diastrophism refers to deformation of the Earth’s crust due to diastrophic movements (deforming movements) such as folding, faulting, warping (bending or twisting of a large area) and fracturing. All processes that move, elevate or build up portions of the earth’s crust come under diastrophism.  They Read More …

Landslide is defined as the movement of mass of rock, debris or earth down a slope under the direct influence of gravity. It’s a natural disaster which takes place because of both natural and anthropogenic factors. Being at a great Read More …

Fold mountains are created where two or more of Earth’s tectonic plates are pushed together. At these colliding, compressing boundaries, rocks and debris are warped and folded into rocky outcrops, hills, mountains, and entire mountain ranges. Fold mountains are created through a process called orogeny. An orogenic Read More …

Small farming systems not only have fed much of the world population for centuries and continue to feed people in many parts of the planet, especially in developing countries, but also have the potential to bring solutions to many uncertainties Read More …

PVTGs constitute the most vulnerable section among tribals and largely reside in isolated, remote and difficult areas in small scattered hamlets. PVTG tag is given to identify the vulnerable tribes and to have specialised scheme to safeguard their cultural identity. Read More …

The purported objective of the National Socialist Council of Nagaland-Isak-Muivah (NSCN-IM) is the establishment of a Nagalim (Greater Nagaland), consisting of all the Naga-inhabited areas of neighbouring Assam, Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh and some portions Myanmar, which it considers to be Read More …

Earth magnetism is the property of earth behaving like a dynamo and showing magnetic property just like that of a magnetic bar. There are various theories behind this property. There is no valid reason for the cause of earth’s magnetism Read More …

Democracy is well known by the definition of ‘ for the people, by the people and of the people.   Democracy success depends upon the way the government of the state is elected. The election is done on the basis of Read More …

There are mountains, basins, plateaus, ridges, canyons and trenches beneath the ocean water too. These relief features found on the ocean floor are called Submarine Relief. The ocean basins are broadly divided into four major subdivisions. They are; Continental Shelf: They slope seaward Read More …

When corals are stressed by changes in conditions such as temperature, light, or nutrients, they expel the symbiotic algae living in their tissues, causing them to turn completely white. Warmer water temperatures can result in coral bleaching. When water is too warm, corals Read More …

An eclipse of the Sun happens when the New Moon moves between the Sun and Earth, blocking out the Sun’s rays and casting a shadow on parts of Earth. The Moon’s shadow is not big enough to engulf the entire planet, so the shadow Read More …

Transport is considered to be an important aspect in improving agricultural efficiency. It improves the quality of life of individuals, structures a market for agricultural productions, makes interaction possible among geographical as well as regions and opened up new areas Read More …

Soil conservation includes all those measures which help in protecting the soil from erosion and exhaustion. Soil erosion has been continuing over, such a large part of India for such a long time that it has assumed alarming proportions. Afforestation Read More …

Main objectives of the Mission are: Promote holistic growth of horticulture sector, including bamboo and coconut through area based regionally differentiated strategies, which includes research, technology promotion, extension, post harvest management, processing and marketing, in consonance with comparative advantage of Read More …

Surface Irrigation In this method water flows and spreads over the surface of the land. Varied quantities of water are allowed on the fields at different times. Hence, flow of water under surface irrigation comes under unsteady flow. As a Read More …

River interlinking is an ambitious project of central government to link surplus river basin with deficient river basin to solve surplus and shortage problem of various regions of the country. Recently Bihar and Assam faced the flood situation diverting of Read More …

This theory was put forth by Alfred Wegener. The continental drift hypothesis was developed in the early part of the 20th century. According to this theory, e continents were once united into a single supercontinent named Pangaea, meaning all earth Read More …

A glance at the world map reveals that most of the desert region is on the western part of the continent for example. Mohave desert in North America, Atacama in Southern America, Namib, Sahara in Africa , Arabian in west Read More …

Feminisation of agriculture refers to the increasing number of women in multiple roles as labourers, cultivators, farmers and entrepreneurs in agricultural sector.  According to agricultural census 2011, there has been a 24 per cent increase in the number of female Read More …

India covers 3,214 km from North land to South land and 2,933 km from eastwards to westwards. India has the land frontier of 15,106.7 km and a coastline of 7,516.6 km.  Sri Lanka, Thailand, Pakistan,  Bangladesh, Myanmar, Maldives, and  Indonesia Read More …

Pygmy, in anthropology, member of any human group whose adult males grow to less than 59 inches (150 cm) in average height. A member of a slightly taller group is termed pygmoid.  The best-known Pygmy groups and those to whom Read More …

The Peninsular plateau is flanked by stretch of narrow coastal strips, running along the Arabian Sea on the west and the Bay of Bengal on the east. The western coast, sandwiched between the Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea, is Read More …

Sex ratio is used to describe the number of females per 1000 of males. Sex ratio is a valuable source for finding the population of women in India and what is the ratio of women to that of men in Read More …

The continental shelf is the extended margin of each continent occupied by relatively shallow seas and gulfs. It is the shallowest part of the ocean showing an average gradient of 1° or even less.  The shelf typically ends at a Read More …

When it rains, it will increase the relative humidity because of the evaporation. The air where the rain is falling may not be completely saturated with water vapor. However, the longer it rains, the more the humidity will increase because Read More …

Storage of food grains in open space Normally storage in open in the form of CAP is supposed to be resorted to during peak procurement seasons. The storage in the CAP should not be more than a year with at Read More …

The biodiversity available at equator is highly unmatchable and it one of the riches area in terms of quanta and different types of flora and fauna. But this potential is difficult to translate into commercial extraction as Lack of pure Read More …

The factors are as follows:   Latitude: The insolation largely depends on the latitude. The intensity of insolation decreases from equator to poles. In addition to this the day length and seasons also depends upon the latitude. Hence lower latitude Read More …

According to Albert Einstein’s theory of general relativity, black holes are uninhabitable chasms of spacetime that end in a ‘singularity,’ or a mass of infinite density. Black holes, with gravitational fields so powerful that not even light could escape them, were inferred by quantum physics Read More …

It involves applying irrigation water which is similar to natural rainfall. Water is distributed through a system of pipes usually by pumping. It is then sprayed into the air through sprinklers so that it breaks up into small water drops Read More …

Land tenure includes all forms of tenancy and also ownership in any form. Land tenancy and land tenure affect the agricultural operations and cropping patterns in many ways. The farmers and cultivators plan the agricultural activities and farm (fields) management Read More …

The crops to be grown, the agricultural operations and agricultural patterns are closely influenced by the prevailing temperature condi­tions of the region.  The agricultural scientists have proved that each crop has a specific zero below which it cannot grow. There Read More …