JHARKHAND Jharkhand History : Munda Manki system The political organization and administrative unit of the Santals village are mostly governed by councils of elders who regulate the life of the people within the village and the order of the village outside world. The political organization and administrative is generally is democratic in nature. The … Read more
? A stereotype is a fixed, over generalized belief about a particular group or class of people. The use of stereotypes is a major way in which we simplify our social world; since they reduce the amount of processing (i.e. thinking) we have to do when we meet a new person. By stereotyping we infer … Read more
? Truth Truth is considered as the highest human value connected with the intellectual domain of personality. We accord highest value among the five human values to truth. Because in our firm faith resides its infallibility. Truth is the essence of all world religion and the distinguished hallmark of glory and grandeur of human civilization. … Read more
? The Delhi Sultanate basically refers to the Muslim rulers who ruled India through Delhi. This basically came into existence after Mohammed Ghori captured Delhi after defeating Prithviraj. After Prithviraj was captured, the Delhi Sultanate went into the hands of one of Ghori's generals known as Qutub-ud-din Aibak. During the end of the 12th century, … Read more
? Decentralization:Top down planning and bottom up planning Decentralised planning is a kind of percolation of planning activities or process from the Centre to the sub- state levels, i.e., district, sub-division, block and village level. Since the inception of First Plan, the importance of decentralised planning was emphasised in order to achieve active people’s participation … Read more
? The Chalukya dynasty was an Indian royal dynasty that ruled large parts of southern and central India between the 6th and the 12th centuries. During this period, they ruled as three related yet individual dynasties. The earliest dynasty, known as the "Badami ", ruled from Vatapi (modern Badami) from the middle of the 6th … Read more
? Hindutva Literally 'Hindutva' means a way of life or a state of mind that is based on the cultural and spiritual ethos based on the spiritual systems that evolved from India. Hindutva is a philosophy like Communism or Socialism. The difference is that, whereas communism and socialism are materialistic philosophies intended to secure economic … Read more
? Economic contribution External trade was carried on between South India and Hellenistic kingdom of Egypt and Arabia as well as the Malay Archipelago. The author of the Periplus of the Erythrean Sea (75 A.D.) gives the most valuable information about the trade between India and the Roman Empire. He mentions the port of Naura … Read more
? The Solanki dynasty ruled parts of what are now Gujarat and Kathiawar in India between 950-1300 CE. The kings of the dynasty used the self-designation Chaulukya, and are also known as the Chalukyas of Gujarat or as the Solanki Rajputs. The dynasty ended when Alauddin Khalji conquered Gujarat. Gujarat was a major centre of … Read more
? Harsha or Harshvardhana (590-647) ruled Northern India for over forty years. He was the son of Prabhakar Vardhan and younger brother of Rajyavardhan, king of Thaneshwar. At the height of his power his kingdom spanned the Punjab, Bengal, Orissa and the entire Indo Gangetic plain. As a consequence to the coronation of Harshavardhana, dynasty … Read more
? Facts related to Uttar Pradesh In the beginning of the sixth century A.D. when the Gupta empire was disintegrating, they repeated their invasion under their ruler Toramana. Though there is no conclusive evidence that Toramana was a Huna yet, mostly he had been accepted so. This time the Hunas succeeded and occupied Kashmir, … Read more
Major reasons are: Low capital investment in infrastructure. Rising NPA after financial crisis and Twin balance sheet problem. Opening up of economy in 1991 had make us vulnerable as manufacturing country. We did capitalise on service sector. Labour laws skewed in favour of non-setting up of manufacturing units. Low investment in Research and development sector. … Read more
Anglo-French were two major contenders of power during 18th century. Both nation tried to achieve supremacy over other. The major effect of Anglo-french rivalry were: Three Carnatic war were fought. Subsidiary alliance at nascent stage was started. Respective power started to make alliance with Indians prominent forces at that time. Introduction of modern warfare. Dispute … Read more
The standing committees are permanent and regular in nature. They are constituted from time to time according to the provisions of an Act of Parliament or Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business. Both the Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha have a standing committee of their own. Functions of Standing Committees One of the … Read more
The Turkmenistan–Afghanistan–Pakistan–India Pipeline (TAPI), also known as Trans-Afghanistan Pipeline, is a natural gas pipeline being developed by the Galkynysh – TAPI Pipeline Company Limited with participation of the Asian Development Bank The pipeline will transport natural gas from the Galkynysh Gas Field in Turkmenistan through Afghanistan into Pakistan and then to India Construction on the … Read more
CTBT is a multilateral treaty that bans all nuclear explosions, for both civilian and military purposes, in all environments. It was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on 10 September 1996 but has not entered into force as eight specific states have not ratified the treaty. 166 states have ratified the CTBT and another … Read more
JHARKHAND City soon to have Eco Smart Railway Station In a move to provide a healthy and eco- friendly environment to the rail commuters, South Eastern Railway has decided to develop Ranchi station in Jharkhand and Digha station in West Bengal as Eco- Smart stations in the eastern region. Measures are already being taken … Read more
The 1,000 km India-Myanmar-Thailand Trilateral Highway will run from Moreh in Manipur to Mae Sot in Thailand via Myanmar. The highway will facilitate easy movement of goods and people among the three countries.This is NHAI’s first international project agreement. The project has been funded by Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India and would be … Read more
Biofuels are the fuel generated from the biomass. They are the renewable source of energy. The different generation of biofuel are tabulated below: 1st Generation biofuel · Produced directly from the crop · Crop such as wheat and sugar are used · Stable, competitive with fossil fuel · Food vs Fuel criticism · Biodiesel and … Read more
The Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (also known as CMS or the Bonn Convention, not to be confused with the Bonn Agreement) aims to conserve terrestrial, marine and avian migratory species throughout their range. It is an intergovernmental treaty, concluded under the aegis of the United Nations Environment Programme, associated … Read more
Bad bank or PARA (Public Sector Asset Rehabilitation Agency) was proposed in Economic Survey 2016-17. Bad Bank is an institution which specializes in loan resolution process, so that banking system is free to focus on core banking solutions. Need for PARA According to Economic Survey, need for PARA arises because: Early resolution so that Funds for creation … Read more
The stress on water scarcity can be gauge from the fact that 70% of the earth surface out of which only 3% is freshwater. 2/3rd of water is stored in glaciers and frozen lakes. Water scarcity is a condition when water is not available for consumption purpose easily. There are two types of water scarcity: … Read more
JHARKHAND Govt to train street food vendors The food lovers of the city on Monday relished on variety of street food that was served on their platter as part of the three-day street food festival organised by Jamshedpur Notified Area Committee (JNAC). ð The urban development department will soon issue a directive to start training … Read more
JHARKHAND · CM fiat to finish work on small schemes ð Jharkhand Chief Minister Raghuvar Das asked District and Block coordinators to complete small schemes and works before the rainy season, while chairing a conference of district and block coordinators, the CM said in order to ensure every village in the State is illuminated in … Read more
The important outcome of the Battle of Buxar was the Treaty of Allahabad signed on 16 August 1765 between Lord Clive and Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II, who had submitted to the British in the battle. As per this treaty: Mughal Emperor granted Fiscal Rights (Diwani)or right to administer the territory and collect taxes to … Read more
CITES stands for convention on International Trade in Endangered species of wild flora and fauna. It was drafted as a result of a resolution adopted in 1963 at a meeting of members of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The Conference aims to control or prevent international commercial trade in endangered species or … Read more
Higher Education Financing Agency (HEFA) is a joint venture of MHRD Government of India and Canara Bank for financing creation of capital assets in premier educational institutions in India as part of rising 2022 HEFA’s scope is greatly expanded to cover school education, educational institutes under Ministry of health etc.HEFA is registered under Section 8 … Read more
Alternate Dispute Resolution (ADR) encompasses a range of means like Mediation, Arbitration, Conciliation to resolve conflicts outside formal court system. Example of ADR are Lok adalats, National company law tribunal, family court, gram nayalaya etc. There are various benefits attached with the alternative dispute resolution mechanism: Reduce workload on the judiciary.( About 3 crore … Read more
: The Kaladan Multi Modal Transit Transport Project was jointly identified by the India and Myanmar to create a multi-modal mode of transport for shipment of cargo from the eastern ports of India to Myanmar as well as to the North-Eastern part of India through Myanmar. This project, which will connect Sittwe Port in Myanmar … Read more
JHARKHAND Over 12,000 near Steel City to get piped water soon The World Bank-aided Rs 237 crore Bagbera Gramin Jalapurti Yojna and Chota Govindpur Jalapurti Yojna is likely to be operational by August. Once it is operational, more than 12,000 residents of Luabasa and 13 other villages on the outskirts of the Steel … Read more
QUICK REVISION ( ARTICLE:3, SCIENCE): TYPE OF NUCLEAR REACTORS COMPONENTS OF NUCLEAR REACTOR: Fuel: Usually pellets of uranium oxide (UO2) arranged in tubes to form fuel rods. The rods are arranged into fuel assemblies in the reactor core Moderator: This is material which slows down the neutrons released from fission so … Read more
Quick Revision ( Science Series, Art 2): Nuclear Technology, Radioactivity And Its Application Nuclear technology: Nuclear technology is technology that involves the nuclear reaction of atomic nuclei. Among the notable nuclear technologies are nuclear reactors, nuclear medicine and nuclear weapons. BASIC CONCEPTS: Nuclear energy: The energy produced due to changes in the … Read more
QUICK REVISION: Art 4, Institutional structure for Nuclear energy: ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION: Governing body of the department of Atomic energy It is directly under the charge of the Prime Minister Set up on 10Aug, 1948 Function: Organise research in atomic science To train atomic scientist in the country To promote nuclear research in … Read more
Article 263 of the constitution provides for the establishment of an Inter-State Council (ISC). The Commission under the Chairmanship of Justice R. S. Sarkaria in its report in 1988 recommended that: A permanent Inter-State Council called the Inter Governmental Council (IGC) should be set up under Article 263. The IGC should be charged with … Read more
: A fast breeder reactor (FBR) breeds more fuel than it consumes that is it produces more plutonium than it consumes while generating power. For a uranium scarce country like India, it is an attractive technology. Plutonium produced in the thermal reactors as spent fuel is ideally suitable as the fuel material for use in … Read more
S.JAISHANKAR has said that Despite having long historical links, the relationship had been defined by twin factors of energy imports and labour exports.” This term was coined by S. Jaishankar in the 1st Raisaina dialogue India is no longer contend to be the passive recipient of the outcomes. We need to become active recipient in … Read more
Pollution: Conventional tanning process leads to environmental pollution e.g. Liquid effluent from light leather processing contains organic matter, chromium, sulphide, and solid waste. Raw material: Economic Survey – 2016-17 pointed out non- availability of cattle for slaughter is an impediment for raw material supplier. Lack of warehousing support: from the government results into huge loss … Read more
The ‘Transformation of Aspirational Districts’ programme aims to quickly and effectively transform districts. The broad contours of the programme are Convergence (of Central & State Schemes), Collaboration (of Central, State level ‘Prabhari’ Officers & District Collectors), and Competition among districts driven by a mass Movement. With States as the main drivers, this program will focus … Read more
Constitutional Provision: Article 85 of the constitution only requires that there should not be a gap of more than six months between two parliamentary sessions. Parliamentary Convention: Parliament meets for three sessions in a year: The Budget session which is held towards the beginning of the year A three-week Monsoon session (July-August) … Read more
The Animal Welfare Board of India (AWBI) scheme relates to provision of assistance for the following type of activities: a) Financial assistance to animal welfare organizations for maintaining the stray animals in distress and for their treatment (financial assistance based on the number of animals kept for their fodder, water, minor treatment etc). b) … Read more
Project ‘Mausam’ is the initiative of Ministry of Culture to be implemented by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) as the nodal agency with research support of the Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts (IGNCA) and National Museum as associate bodies. This project aims to explore the multi-faceted Indian Ocean ‘world’–collating archaeological and historical … Read more
The sector suffers from low-scale, stagnating yields of inland and freshwater aquaculture, and poor infrastructure such as cold storage facilities, leading to an estimated 15-20 per cent post-harvest loss. The access to quality seed and feed for fish farming coupled with inadequate availability of credit makes the poor fisher communities not to invest in fish … Read more
The Members of Parliament Local Area Development Scheme (MPLADS) was launched on 23rd December, 1993. Initially, Ministry of Rural Development was the Nodal Ministry for this scheme. In October, 1994 this scheme was transferred to the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation. Salient features of the scheme are: It is a centrally plan scheme. Funds … Read more
Tribunals are established as per appropriate statutory provisions and are observed as an alternative medium to the conventional judicial bodies for the redressal of grievances and settling disputes. A tribunal, in a plain language, is a. body of administrative character that has been powered with judicial powers to adjudicate one question of law or fact … Read more
It unites 183 countries in partnership with international institutions, civil society organizations (CSOs), and the private sector to address global environmental issues while supporting national sustainable development initiatives. The GEF provides grants for projects related to biodiversity, climate change, international waters, land degradation, the ozone layer, and persistent organic pollutants. The GEF also serves as … Read more
The Shangri-La Dialogue (SLD) is a “Track One” inter-governmental security forum held annually by an independent think tank, the International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) which is attended by defense ministers, permanent heads of ministries and military chiefs of 28 Asia-Pacific states. The forum gets its name from the Shangri-La Hotel in Singapore where it … Read more
Constituting about 6.3% of the global fish production, the sector contributes to 1.1% of the GDP and 5.15% of the agricultural GDP. There are two branches of fishery sector namely Inland Fisheries and Marine Fisheries. The total fish production has nearly 65% contribution from the inland sector and rest form marine fishing. Fish and fish … Read more
The Ministry of Finance, Government of Indi had set up a dedicated fund called Nirbhaya Fund in 2013, for implementation of initiatives aimed at enhancing the safety and security for women in the country. • It is a non-lapsable corpus fund. • Various schemes and programmes, related to security of women, are being implemented under … Read more
: Value capture financing (VCF) works on the conviction that public policy and infrastructure projects typically lead to improvement in the quality of housing, jobs access and transportation, yield other social benefits, and lead to the emergence of important commercial, cultural, institutional, or residential developments in the influence area. This, in turn, leads to an … Read more
The National Green Tribunal has been established for effective and expeditious disposal of cases relating to environmental protection and conservation of forests and other natural resources including enforcement of any legal right relating to environment and giving relief and compensation for damages to persons and property and for matters connected there with or incidental thereto. … Read more
