Points to Remember: The Bretton Woods system was a post-World War II international monetary system. The system’s core was the US dollar’s convertibility to gold. The system faced several challenges leading to its eventual collapse. The collapse involved liquidity, adjustment, and confidence issues. Introduction: The Bretton Woods system, established in 1944, aimed to create a … Read more The fundamental cause for the collapse of the Bretton Woods system was (A) The liquidity problem (B) The adjustment problem (C) The confidence problem (D) All of these

Points to Remember: Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) definition and calculation. Components of the labour force. Distinction between LFPR and employment rate. Importance of LFPR as an economic indicator. Introduction: The Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) is a crucial economic indicator reflecting the proportion of the working-age population actively involved in the labour market. It … Read more Which of the following best describes the labour force participation rate? (A) The percentage of working-age population out of the total population (B) The percentage of working-age population that is employable (C) The percentage of working-age population that is employed or actively seeking employment (D) The percentage of working-age population that is a part of the formal sector

Points to Remember: The Green Revolution in India was a period of significant agricultural advancements. Several individuals contributed to its success, but the term’s originator needs identification. The question requires factual knowledge about the history of the Green Revolution in India. Introduction: The Green Revolution, a period of intensified agricultural production in India beginning in … Read more Who among the following used the term â??Green Revolutionâ?? for increasing agricultural production in India? (A) Norman Borlaug (B) M. S. Swaminathan (C) Raj Krishna (D) R. K. V. Rao

Points to Remember: The Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management (FRBM) Act aims to improve India’s fiscal management. The FRBM Committee periodically reviews and recommends targets for the Centre’s debt-to-GDP ratio. The debt-to-GDP ratio is a crucial indicator of a country’s fiscal health. Introduction: The Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management (FRBM) Act, 2003, was enacted in … Read more FRBM Committee recommended the Centre’s debt-to-GDP ratio to be at (A) 37 percent (B) 40 percent (C) 25 percent (D) 35 percent

Points to Remember: Price Levels: Understanding the difference between inflation, deflation, disinflation, and stagflation is crucial. Economic Indicators: These terms represent key economic indicators reflecting the overall health of an economy. Economic Consequences: Each term has distinct consequences for consumers, businesses, and the government. Introduction: The question asks to identify the term for a persistent … Read more A persistent fall in general price level of goods and services is known as (A) Disinflation (B) Deflation (C) Stagflation (D) Depression

Points to Remember: The question requires identifying the author of the book “Planning Economy for India.” The approach is purely factual; it requires recalling the author’s name. Introduction: The question pertains to the authorship of the influential book “Planning Economy for India.” This book, likely published during or around the period of India’s five-year plans, … Read more The book Planning Economy for India was written by (A) V. K. R. V. Rao (B) M. Visvesvaraya (C) K. N. Raj (D) Manmohan Singh

Points to Remember: The question focuses on the minimum calorie intake required for a rural individual to surpass the poverty line. The answer requires factual knowledge about poverty measurement and nutritional requirements. The approach is factual, relying on established data and standards. Introduction: Poverty is a multifaceted issue, and its measurement often involves multiple indicators. … Read more For a rural person, the minimum calorie needed to reach above the poverty line is (A) 2400 calories (B) 2100 calories (C) 1800 calories (D) 1500 calories

Keywords: Governmental efforts, violence prevention, eradication, India, success, failure, analysis. Required Approach: Analytical Points to Remember: Types of violence prevalent in India (domestic, communal, caste-based, etc.) Governmental policies and programs aimed at violence prevention and eradication Successes of these initiatives (e.g., reduced crime rates in specific areas) Failures of these initiatives (e.g., persistent high rates … Read more Analyze the success and failure of the governmental efforts to prevent and eradicate violence in India.

Points to Remember: Evolution of the Finance Commission in India. Constitutional basis and mandate. Criteria for resource allocation. Relevance in a federal structure. Issues and challenges. Future recommendations. Introduction: The Finance Commission of India is a constitutional body established under Article 280 of the Indian Constitution. Its primary function is to recommend the principles governing … Read more Discuss the evolution and relevance of the Finance Commission in India and the reason for sharing resources between the Centre and States.

Points to Remember: The Indian Administrative Service (IAS) comprises both generalist and specialist officers. Generalists hold broader administrative responsibilities, while specialists possess expertise in specific domains. The relationship involves collaboration, but also potential conflicts due to differing perspectives and expertise. Effective coordination between generalists and specialists is crucial for efficient governance. Introduction: The Indian Administrative … Read more Critically examine the relationship between the Generalist and Specialist in the Indian Administrative System.

Keywords: Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG), Fiscal Controller, Role, Relevance, Central and State levels. Required Approach: Primarily factual and analytical, with some elements of opinion-based assessment of relevance. Points to Remember: CAG’s constitutional mandate and independence. CAG’s audit functions (compliance, performance, and propriety audits). CAG’s reporting mechanisms and accountability. CAG’s role in promoting … Read more The Comptroller and Auditor General of India is deemed as the Fiscal Controller at the Central and State levels. Examine the role and relevance of his office.

Points to Remember: Public Interest Litigation (PIL): A legal action initiated in a court of law for the enforcement of public interest or general interest. It’s a mechanism for addressing issues affecting a large segment of the population or the environment. 74th Constitutional Amendment Act: An act that introduced the concept of urban local governments … Read more Write notes on the following: (A) Concept of Public Interest Litigation (B) 74th Constitutional Amendment Act

Points to Remember: Legislative Powers of the Prime Minister Role of the Prime Minister in the Indian Government Limitations on the Prime Minister’s Power Critical Examination of the Current Scenario Introduction: The Prime Minister of India, while not explicitly mentioned in the Constitution as the head of the government, holds immense power and influence, particularly … Read more Critically examine the legislative powers and role of the Prime Minister in the present Indian Governmentâ??s scenario.

Keywords: Indian federalism, Union-State relations, administrative relations, financial relations. Required Approach: Primarily factual and analytical, with some elements of opinion-based discussion regarding potential improvements. Points to Remember: Division of powers between the Union and States. Mechanisms for intergovernmental coordination. Financial resources allocation and distribution. Role of the Finance Commission. Issues and challenges in Union-State relations. … Read more Discuss the administrative and financial relations between the Union and States in Indian federalism.

Points to Remember: 73rd Amendment: Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) 74th Amendment: Municipalities Increased devolution of power Enhanced local governance Challenges in implementation Introduction: The 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments of 1992 represent landmark legislation aimed at strengthening local self-governance in India. These amendments enshrined the Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) at the rural level (73rd) and … Read more The 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments have made the rural and urban local Government more effective and significant. Discuss critically.

Points to Remember: The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) is India’s apex body for disaster management. Understanding the roles and responsibilities of different Indian ministries is crucial. The question requires factual knowledge about the NDMA’s organizational structure. Introduction: The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) is a statutory body in India tasked with the responsibility of … Read more National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) works as an agency of (A) Ministry of Home Affairs (B) Ministry of Agriculture (C) Ministry of Defence (D) Ministry of Rural Development

Points to Remember: The POSDCORB acronym is central to understanding the question. The question requires identifying the individual credited with developing this management framework. The answer will be factual, relying on established knowledge of public administration theory. Introduction: The question asks us to identify the originator of the POSDCORB acronym, a widely recognized framework in … Read more Who has coined the POSDCORB view of Public Administration? (A) Taylor (B) Urwick (C) Gulick (D) Fayol

Points to Remember: Integral view of Public Administration emphasizes the interconnectedness of various aspects of administration, including its political, managerial, and social dimensions. Key thinkers in Public Administration have varying perspectives on the nature and scope of the field. Introduction: The question asks to identify which among the given scholars â?? Luther Gulick, Thompson, L.D. … Read more Who among the following supported the integral view of Public Administration? (A) Luther Gulick (B) Thompson (C) L.D. White (D) H. Simon

Points to Remember: The question tests knowledge of the origins and key theorists associated with the concept of bureaucracy. It requires identifying the scholar most closely linked to the theoretical development of bureaucracy. Introduction: The term “bureaucracy” often carries negative connotations, conjuring images of inefficiency and red tape. However, its academic origins lie in the … Read more Who among the following scholars is associated with the term ‘Bureaucracy’? (A) Elton Mayo (B) Max Weber (C) Henry Fayol (D) McGregor

Points to Remember: The Second Administrative Reforms Commission (ARC) submitted several reports focusing on various aspects of governance in India. The question asks to identify the specific ARC report addressing barriers to good governance. The options provided are titles of different ARC reports. Introduction: The Second Administrative Reforms Commission (ARC), established in 2005, played a … Read more Which report of the Second Administrative Reforms Commission has identified the barriers to Good Governance in India? (A) Citizen-Centric Administration (B) Promoting e-Governance (C) Right to Information (D) Ethics in Government

Points to Remember: This question requires identifying the administrative thinker most associated with establishing principles of administration. The approach is factual, focusing on the contributions of different management theorists. Introduction: The field of administrative theory has been shaped by numerous influential thinkers who sought to define and optimize organizational effectiveness. While many contributed significantly, the … Read more Amongst the administrative thinkers, who has given the principles of administration? (A) Herbert Simon (B) Urwick (C) Henry Fayol (D) Luther Gulick

Points to Remember: NITI Aayog’s Role: Understanding NITI Aayog’s functions as a policy think tank and advisor to the government is crucial. Line vs. Staff Agencies: Differentiating between agencies that directly implement policies (line) and those that advise and support (staff) is key. Executive vs. Non-Executive: Determining whether NITI Aayog has executive powers or primarily … Read more NITI (National Institute for the Transformation of India) Aayog (Former Planning Commission) is a/an (A) Executive and Staff Agency (B) Line and Staff Agency (C) Line Agency (D) Staff Agency

Points to Remember: The question requires identifying the committee that recommended elevating the Chief Secretary’s rank to that of a Secretary to the Government of India in 1973. The answer requires factual knowledge about the recommendations of various administrative reform committees in India. Introduction: The question pertains to the history of administrative reforms in India, … Read more Who suggested that the office of the Chief Secretary should be brought at par with the rank of the Secretary to the Government of India in 1973? (A) Paul H. Appleby Committee (B) Santhanam Committee (C) First Administrative Reforms Commission (D) L.M. Singhvi Committee

Points to Remember: The creation of the District Collector post in India’s administrative structure. Key figures in British India’s administrative reforms. Understanding the historical context of the post’s establishment. Introduction: The District Collector’s post is a cornerstone of India’s administrative system, responsible for overall governance and development at the district level. Its origins lie in … Read more The post of District Collector in India was created by (A) Warren Hastings (B) Lord Dalhousie (C) Lord Curzon (D) Lord Ripon

Points to Remember: The 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976, significantly altered the Indian Constitution. Several committees contributed to constitutional reforms around that time, but only one is directly linked to the 42nd Amendment. Identifying the correct committee requires knowledge of Indian constitutional history. Introduction: The 42nd Amendment Act of 1976 is a landmark amendment to … Read more The 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976 of the Constitution of India was carried out on the recommendation of (A) Shah Nawaz Committee (B) B.R. Mehta Committee (C) Swaran Singh Committee (D) Ashok Mehta Committee

Points to Remember: The Contingency Fund is a reserve fund used to meet unforeseen expenditure at the state level. Understanding the roles and responsibilities of key state-level officials is crucial. The correct answer will identify the individual constitutionally empowered to operate the Contingency Fund. Introduction: The Contingency Fund of a state is a crucial financial … Read more At the State level, the Contingency Fund can be operated to meet unforeseen expenditure by (A) Chief Minister (B) Speaker of Legislative Assembly (C) Finance Minister (D) Governor

Points to Remember: The question requires identifying the first Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) of India. The approach is purely factual; it demands recalling a specific historical fact. Introduction: The Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG) is a constitutional authority, holding a crucial position in India’s system of checks and balances. Established under Article … Read more Who was the first Comptroller and Auditor General of India? (A) A.K. Chanda (B) A.K. Roy (C) S. Ranganathan (D) V. Narahari Rao

Points to Remember: The Indian Constitution allocates seats in the Rajya Sabha (Council of States) to States and Union Territories. This allocation is governed by a specific Schedule within the Constitution. Understanding the function of different Schedules is crucial for answering this question. Introduction: The Indian Constitution, a voluminous document, organizes various provisions through Schedules. … Read more Under which Schedule of the Constitution of India is the allocation of seats in Rajya Sabha to the States and Union Territories made? (A) Fourth Schedule (B) Seventh Schedule (C) Ninth Schedule (D) Tenth Schedule

Points to Remember: The Indian Constitution provides for mechanisms to resolve inter-state disputes and foster cooperation. The Inter-State Council is a crucial body for achieving this cooperation. Understanding the constitutional basis of the Inter-State Council is essential for comprehending its powers and functions. Introduction: The question pertains to the constitutional provision that empowers the President … Read more The President of India can establish an Inter-State Council under which Article of the Constitution? (A) Article 262 (B) Article 263 (C) Article 264 (D) Article 256

Points to Remember: The Election Commission of India (ECI) is responsible for registering political parties in India. This registration is governed by a specific section of the Representation of the People Act, 1951. Identifying the correct section is crucial for understanding the legal framework governing political parties in India. Introduction: The Representation of the People … Read more The Election Commission of India does the registration of political parties under which Section of the Representation of the People Act, 1951? (A) Section 29(A) (B) Section 39(A) (C) Section 19(A) (D) Section 09(A)

Points to Remember: The question tests knowledge of India’s financial architecture and the roles of different institutions. It focuses on who decides the form in which Union and State accounts are kept. The correct answer will identify the constitutional body or authority with this power. Introduction: The question pertains to the maintenance of accounts for … Read more The accounts of the Union and States are kept in such form as decided by the President of India in (A) Finance Commission (B) Ministry of Finance (C) Comptroller and Auditor General (D) Reserve Bank of India

Points to Remember: Jharkhand’s geographical location and its vulnerability to land degradation. Major causes of soil erosion in Jharkhand (deforestation, mining, agriculture practices). Regions most affected by land degradation and soil erosion. The socio-economic consequences of land degradation. Policy recommendations for mitigation and sustainable land management. Introduction: Jharkhand, a state in eastern India, is characterized … Read more Identify the regions affected by land degradation and soil erosion in Jharkhand. Discuss the major causes of erosion in the state.

Points to Remember: The Indian Constitution’s provisions regarding child labor. Specific articles related to fundamental rights and directive principles. The age limit for prohibiting child labor in factories and mines. Introduction: The Constitution of India guarantees fundamental rights and lays down directive principles of state policy. One crucial aspect is the protection of children, particularly … Read more The Constitution of India prohibits the employment of children below the age of 14 years in any factory and mines, etc. under the (A) Article 14 (B) Article 24 (C) Article 34 (D) Article 40

Points to Remember: The original Indian Constitution’s structure: Number of Parts, Articles, and Schedules. Accuracy in recalling constitutional details is crucial for understanding its framework. Introduction: The Constitution of India, adopted on 26th November 1949, and enforced on 26th January 1950, is the supreme law of the land. It’s a voluminous document outlining the framework … Read more How many Parts, Articles, and Schedules were included in the original Constitution of India? (A) 22 Parts, 395 Articles, and 8 Schedules (B) 22 Parts, 392 Articles, and 8 Schedules (C) 24 Parts, 390 Articles, and 12 Schedules (D) 24 Parts, 395 Articles, and 12 Schedules

Points to Remember: India’s diverse climate and topography lead to a wide variety of vegetation types. Spatial distribution is heavily influenced by rainfall, temperature, and altitude. Conservation efforts are crucial to preserving India’s rich biodiversity. Introduction: India boasts exceptional biodiversity, reflected in its diverse vegetation cover. The country’s varied climatic conditions, ranging from tropical to … Read more Discuss the characteristics and spatial distribution of different types of vegetation in India.

Points to Remember: Key differences lie in formation location, temperature of surrounding waters, intensity, and seasonality. Tropical cyclones form over warm ocean waters, while temperate cyclones form over cooler waters and land-sea boundaries. Tropical cyclones are more intense and have a smaller size compared to temperate cyclones. Introduction: Cyclones, also known as hurricanes (in the … Read more Differentiate between tropical and temperate cyclones.

Points to Remember: India’s vast solar potential. Challenges related to land acquisition, grid infrastructure, financing, and technology. Government policies and initiatives promoting solar energy. The role of private sector investment and public-private partnerships. The need for a holistic approach combining technological advancements, policy support, and public awareness. Introduction: India, a country blessed with abundant sunshine, … Read more Examine the potential and challenges of solar energy in India. How can government intervention help towards the adoption and expansion of solar energy as a major energy source?

Points to Remember: Alauddin Khalji’s market reforms aimed at controlling prices and ensuring fair distribution of essential goods. These reforms had both positive and negative consequences for the economy and society. The reforms’ success was limited by their inherent contradictions and the challenges of implementation. Introduction: Alauddin Khalji (1296-1316 CE), the Sultan of the Delhi … Read more Critically analyze the market reforms initiated by Alauddin Khalji.

Keywords: Birsa Munda, tribal revolt, peasants, religious idioms, anxieties. Required Approach: Analytical Points to Remember: Birsa Munda’s leadership and its religious dimension. Socio-economic conditions of the peasants. The use of religious symbols and beliefs in the revolt. The limitations and successes of the revolt. The lasting impact of Birsa Munda’s movement. Introduction: Birsa Munda’s revolt … Read more â??The tribal revolt led by Birsa Munda expressed the anxieties of the peasants in religious idioms.â? Comment.

Points to Remember: The nature of the 1857 revolt: Was it a planned, unified rebellion or a series of localized uprisings? The participation of various groups: Sepoys, civilians, princes, and their motivations. The leadership and organization of the revolt. The impact and legacy of the revolt on India’s struggle for independence. Alternative interpretations of the … Read more â??The 1857 Revolt was the first war of Indian Independence.â? Comment on the statement.

Points to Remember: Geographic location and environment of the Indus Valley. Role of agriculture and resource availability. Social organization and technological advancements. External influences and trade networks. Climate change and environmental factors. Introduction: The Indus Valley Civilization (IVC), also known as the Harappan Civilization, flourished in the northwestern region of the Indian subcontinent from approximately … Read more Describe the factors for the origin of the Indus Valley Civilization.

Points to Remember: The question requires identifying the tribal affiliation of the Paharia tribe. The approach is purely factual; it demands knowledge of Indian tribal classifications. Introduction: The question pertains to the classification of the Paharia tribe within the broader context of Indian tribal communities. India boasts a rich tapestry of diverse tribal groups, each … Read more The â??Pahariaâ?? tribe belongs to (A) Ho (B) Asur (C) Korwa (D) Mahli

Points to Remember: Jharkhand’s silk production. Major silk varieties in India. Identification of Jharkhand’s primary silk type. Introduction: India boasts a rich history of sericulture, the cultivation of silkworms for silk production. Several varieties of silk exist, each with unique characteristics and geographical preferences. The four main types are Mulberry, Tasar, Eri, and Muga. Jharkhand, … Read more Jharkhand is the largest producer of which variety of silk in India? (A) Tasar (B) Eri (C) Muga (D) Mulberry

Points to Remember: The question requires factual knowledge about the geographical location of Sadni Waterfalls in Jharkhand, India. The answer must identify the river on which the waterfalls are situated. Introduction: Sadni Waterfalls is a picturesque waterfall located in Jharkhand, India, a state known for its rich biodiversity and numerous waterfalls. Identifying the river on … Read more Sadni Waterfalls in Jharkhand is on which of the following rivers? (A) Bhairavi (B) Sankh (C) Barakar (D) Ajay

Points to Remember: The question requires factual knowledge about oilseed production in Jharkhand during 2022-23. The answer must identify the correct order of oilseed production from highest to lowest yield. Access to reliable agricultural data from Jharkhand’s Department of Agriculture or similar official sources is crucial. Introduction: Jharkhand, a state in eastern India, contributes to … Read more Identify the correct order of oilseeds production in Jharkhand from high to low for the year 2022-23: (A) Groundnut – Sesamum – Soyabean – Castor seed (B) Groundnut – Soyabean – Sesamum – Castor seed (C) Soyabean – Castor seed – Groundnut – Sesamum (D) Soyabean – Groundnut – Castor seed – Sesamum

Points to Remember: Geographical locations of major power plants in India. Correct identification of states where power plants are located. Introduction: India’s power sector comprises a diverse mix of thermal, hydro, nuclear, and renewable energy sources. Accurate knowledge of the location of major power plants is crucial for efficient energy distribution and grid management. This … Read more Identify the incorrect match: (A) Kayamkulam Power Plant â?? Tamil Nadu (B) Ramagundam Thermal Power Station â?? Telangana (C) Uran Gas Turbine Power Station â?? Maharashtra (D) Utran Power Station â?? Gujarat

Points to Remember: India’s Biosphere Reserves are designated areas for conservation of biodiversity. The Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve was declared the second in India. The declaration date is crucial for answering the question. Introduction: India’s network of Biosphere Reserves plays a vital role in conserving its rich biodiversity. These reserves are designated under the UNESCO Man … Read more Which among the following was declared the second Biosphere Reserve of India on 18.01.1988? (A) Manas (B) Nilgiris (C) Sunderbans (D) Nanda Devi

Points to Remember: The Ghaghara River’s geographical features. Identification of the location where the river cuts a deep gorge. Understanding the geographical context of the options provided. Introduction: The Ghaghara River, also known as the Karnali River in Nepal, is a major tributary of the Ganges River. Originating in the Himalayas, it flows through Nepal … Read more The Ghaghara river cuts a deep gorge at (A) Rati (B) Shishapani (C) Lagi (D) Kalsi

Points to Remember: The question tests factual knowledge about the Bharat Dal scheme launched by the Indian government. We need to identify the incorrect statement among the given options. The answer requires a factual approach, verifying the information provided against reliable sources. Introduction: The Indian government frequently intervenes in the market to stabilize essential commodity … Read more Which of the following statements regarding â??Bharat Dalâ?? is incorrect? (A) The Government launched the sale of Arhar Dal in retail packs under the name Bharat Dal (B) The Bharat Dal Scheme was launched on 17.07.2023 (C) Dal began to be sold at a very subsidized rate of â?¹60 per kg for a 1kg pack and â?¹55 per kg for a 30kg pack (D) Bharat Dal was to be distributed through retail outlets of NAFED, NCCF, Kendriya Bhandar & Safal

Keywords: Princely States, Accession, Indian Union, 1947, Leaders. Required Approach: Factual. Points to Remember: The integration of princely states into the Indian Union was a crucial process after independence. Several key figures played significant roles in this process. Understanding the historical context is essential to answering the question. Introduction: The partition of India in 1947 … Read more Which of the following leaders is famous for the accession of the Princely States into the Indian Union after Independence in 1947? (A) Vinoba Bhave (B) Jayaprakash Narayan (C) Subhas Chandra Bose (D) Vallabhbhai Patel