Science

1. Endeavour to achieve an appropriate level of protection of human life and health and the protection of consumer’s interests, including fair practices in all kinds of food trade with reference to food safety standards and practices; 2. Carry out risk management which shall include taking into account the results of risk assessment and other … Read more DMPQ- What are the General principles of food safety? How can India ensure food safety for it growing population?

Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) has successfully demonstrated the hypersonic air-breathing scramjet technology with the flight test of Hypersonic Technology Demonstration Vehicle (HSTDV) at 1103 hours from Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Launch Complex at Wheeler Island, off the coast of Odisha. With this successful demonstration, many critical technologies such as aerodynamic configuration for hypersonic … Read more DMPQ- Successfull flight tests of Hypersonic Technology Demonstrator Vehicle was the need of the hour for India. Justify.

parasitic nutrition In this type of nutrition, the organisms (called parasites) depend on the body of other living organisms (called their host) for getting their food. Many viruses, bacteria, fungi and animals have this mode of nutrition. The organisms which depend on other living organisms (host) for food are called as parasites. Parasites of two … Read more DMPQ- Differentiate between Symbiotic and paracitic nutrition

Reflex action is an immediate involuntary response to a stimulus. In an involuntary response, a sensory impulse on reaching central nervous system is itself returned to a specific effector as a motor impulse without neuronal analysis and integration. Reflex responses occur below the level of consciousness. Reflex actions are sudden and autonomic. For instance, if … Read more DMPQ- Explain Reflex action with examples.

Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Priyojana (PMBJP) objective is to make quality medicines available at affordable prices for all, particularly the poor and disadvantaged, through exclusive outlets “Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Kendras”, so as to reduce out of pocket expenses in healthcare. In addition to medicines and surgical items supplied by BPPI, Jan Aushadhi stores also … Read more DMPQ- Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Priyojana (PMBJP)

Application of radioactivity: • Health: 1. Found extensive use in diagnosis and therapy eg. Phosphorous-32 is used to identify the cancerous cell. As cancer cell absorb more phosphorous, Iodine 131 is employ to determine cardiac output, plasma volume and fat metabolism and particularly to measure the activity of thyroid gland. 2. To treat cancer cells: … Read more DMPQ- List out the main Application of radioactivity.

? Alternatives to pesticides are available and include methods of cultivation, use of biological pest controls (such as pheromones and microbial pesticides), genetic engineering and methods of interfering with insect breeding. ? Application of composted yard waste has also been used as a way of controlling pests. These methods are becoming increasingly popular and are … Read more DMPQ- Indiscriminate use of Pesticides has caused a lot term effect on Human Health. What are the Alternatives to pesticides ?

Students are working on several solutions to the challenges being faced by the country. Along with providing solutions to the problems, it also strengthens India’s aspirations regarding Data, Digitization and Hi-tech Future. Acknowledging that in the fast paced 21st century, India needs to swiftly change itself to continue playing an effective role Such events will … Read more DMPQ- How can the events such as Smart India Hackathon 2020 help in developing the entrepreneurship in India?

Radio Transmission Its frequency is between 10 kHz to 1GHz. It is simple to install and has high attenuation. These waves are used for multicast communications. Types of Propogation Radio Transmission utilizes different types of propogation : Troposphere : The lowest portion of earth’s atmosphere extending outward approximately 30 miles from the earth’s surface. Clouds, … Read more DMPQ- Differentiate between Radio and Microwave transmission.

Face hygiene Our face reveals our daily practice of personal hygiene. Face hygiene includes all parts of the face. The most important area to keep clean is the eyes. The eye discharges protective fluids that could dry and accumulate around the eye. They are visible when a person gets up in the morning. The organic … Read more DMPQ- What are the Components of personal hygiene and it’s relation with health

Type 1: Reactive Machines. An example is Deep Blue, an IBM chess program that can identify pieces on the chess board and can make predictions accordingly. But the major fault with this is that it has no memory and cannot use past experiences to inform future ones. It also analyzes possible moves of its own … Read more DMPQ- What are the different Types of Artificial Intelligence?

e-portal on tribal health and nutrition named ‘Swasthya’, a first of its kind e-portal, providing all health and nutrition related information of the tribal population of India in a single platform. Swasthya will also curate innovative practices, research briefs, case studies, and best practices collected from different parts of India to facilitate the exchange of … Read more DMPQ- Tribal Health & Nutrition Portal – ‘Swasthya’

Amplitude Amplitude, the maximum displacement or distance moved by a point on a vibrating body or wave measured from its equilibrium position. It is equal to one-half the length of the vibration path. The amplitude of a pendulum is thus one-half the distance that the bob traverses in moving from one side to the other. … Read more DMPQ- Explain the Amplitude and Wavelength of sound wave.

According to the several research, it was found that almost two-thirds (64%) of Indians say that they don’t exercise. Interestingly, while nearly half (46%) of consumers say that leading a healthy lifestyle is their top priority, only 37% of them actually exercise. The Fit India Youth Club, a part of the Fit India Movement envisioned … Read more DMPQ- Evaluate the need of Fit India Youth Clubs in contemporary India.

Data sovereignty is the concept that information which has been converted and stored in binary digital form is subject to the laws of the country in which it is located. The concept of data sovereignty is closely linked with data security, cloud computing and technological sovereignty.  Many countries have passed cyber laws to prevent the … Read more DMPQ-What do you understand by the term data sovereignty.

India is a prominent and rapidly growing presence in global pharmaceuticals. It is the largest provider of generic medicines globally, occupying a 20% share in global supply by volume, and also supplies 62% of global demand for vaccines. India ranks 3rd worldwide for production by volume and 10th by value. India is the source of … Read more DMPQ-Discuss the status of Pharmaceutical sector in India.

The hospitality industry is a broad category of fields within the service industry that includes lodging, food and drink service, event planning, theme parks, and transportation. It includes hotels, restaurants and bars. CoVID affect: Loss of business and loss of revenue due to Lock down and ban on travelling. Piling up of debt on the … Read more DMPQ- Discuss the effect of COVID-19 on Hospitality Industry.

Convalescent plasma (kon-vuh-LES-unt PLAZ-muh) therapy is an experimental treatment that some doctors are using for people with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). No drug has been proved to be safe and effective for treating COVID-19. People who’ve recovered from COVID-19 have antibodies — proteins the body uses to fight off infections — to the disease in … Read more DMPQ- Convalescent plasma therapy

Real time RT-PCR (reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction) is now one of the most accurate laboratory methods for detecting, tracking, and studying the coronavirus. RT-PCR is a nuclear-derived method for detecting the presence of specific genetic material from any pathogen, including a virus. In order for a virus like the coronavirus to be detected early in … Read more DMPQ- RT PCR method

The new Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre (IN-SPACe), which is expected to be functional within six months, will assess the needs and demands of private players, including educational and research institutions, and, explore ways to accommodate these requirements in consultation with ISRO. Existing ISRO infrastructure, both ground- and space-based, scientific and technical resources, … Read more DMPQ-Government has announced a new organisation IN-SPACe, a part of reforms. Discuss the impact of establishment of such organisation.

An expedition, to promote the maritime heritage of India and spread awareness about Coastal Security amongst the coastal communities in Maharashtra, was launched by the Indian Navy on 05 January 2020 from the Naval Dockyard, Mumbai. The expedition extends from Arnala fort, Northernmost fort of Maharashtra to Sindhudurg fort, the southernmost fort of Maharashtra, covering … Read more DMPQ-Maha Navy Connect 2020.

India’s Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) together with its variants, is the smallest and lightest Multi-Role Supersonic Fighter Aircraft of its class. This single engine, Compound-Delta-Wing, Tailless Aircraft is designed and developed by ADA with HAL as the principal partner along with DRDO, CSIR, BEL, DGAQA, IAF & IN to meet diverse needs of the Indian … Read more DMPQ-Light Combat Aircraft.

VAJRA Faculty Scheme has been conceptualized to bring an international dimension to the R&D ecosystem of India by leveraging overseas scientists’ expertise to the Indian research framework.   The Objectives of the Scheme are: To tap the expertise of International Faculty / scientists/technologists including Non-resident Indians (NRI) and Persons of Indian Origin (PIO) / Overseas … Read more DMPQ-VAJRA scheme

The three most important features of the Indian health care system are: Low levels of public spending: Between 1996-97 and 2005-06, total government spending on health was stagnant at about 1 percent of GDP, and the public expenditure elasticity with respect to GDP was at 0.94, lower than the average for low-income countries (1.16) for … Read more DMPQ-Comment on the Public health care system in India.

Saras Mk2 It is a light transport aircraft which is indigenously developed by National Aerospace Laboratory (NAL) The 19-seater aircraft, developed with a target cost of ?50 crore, is at least 20-25% lower in cost than other aircraft in the similar category. pitching or the government’s UDAN (Ude Desh Ka Aam Nagrik), since it has … Read more DMPQ- Saras Mk2

Digital Signature Certificates or DSC or Digital Signature are being adopted by various government agencies and now is a statutory requirement in various applications.   There are different class of certificates to help organization and individuals secure online transactions with legal validity as per the Indian IT Act, 2000. A digital signature is a mathematical … Read more DMPQ- What is a digital signature?

NASA had announced that it will launch a space probe called Dragonfly on an ambitious mission to Saturn’s moon Titan. It will be launched in 2026 and arrive in 2034.  It will mark the first time that NASA will fly a multi-rotor vehicle for science on another planet. It will be having eight rotors and … Read more DMPQ- Dargaon Fly mission:

The endocrine system is made up of the endocrine glands that secrete hormones. Although there are eight major endocrine glands scattered throughout the body, they are still considered to be one system because they have similar functions, similar mechanisms of influence, and many important interrelationships.   Glands Feature   Pituitary Gland It is the endocrine … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on endocrine system.( Science)

The term RNA interference (RNAi) was coined to describe a cellular mechanism that uses the gene’s own DNA sequence of the gene to turn it off, a process that researchers call silencing. In a wide variety of organisms, including animals, plants, and fungi, RNAi is triggered by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). During RNAi, long dsRNA is … Read more DMPQ- Recently RNA interference was in the news, what do you understand by the term RNAi and write down its application?

It is a pollution control system for the reduction of Sox (SO2, SO3), HCl and heavy metals like mercury. It is a dry process in which a sorbent (a material used to absorb or adsorb liquids or gases) is injected into the coal-fired boiler where it interacts with various like SOx, HCl and the resultant … Read more DMPQ-What is dry sorbent Injection Technique.

The principle used in the pressure cooker is that the boiling point of water increases with an increase in pressure. Hence option (a) is the correct answer. Pressure cooker has a confined space sealed from all side (except valve which is used to release excess pressure). When heat is supplied to the cooker it first … Read more DMPQ-What is the working Principle behind the working of Pressure cooker

Carbon dots are fluorescent nanoparticles that show similar physical and optical properties to the well-known semiconductor quantum dots. However, the building block of carbon dots is made primarily out of carbon, with some doped heteroatoms, creating a nanoparticle that is more biocompatible and less toxic compared with the quantum dots that commonly contain heavy metals. … Read more DMPQ- What is carbon date and How they are useful?

Agent Smith is a mobile malware which has infected approximately 25 million smartphones across the world out of which 15 million devices are estimated to be from India. It accesses the smartphone’s resources to show fraudulent ads for financial gains, however, it could be easily used for much more intrusive and harmful purposes like theft … Read more DMPQ- Agent Smith was recently in the news. What is Agent smith?

Antibiotic resistance is accelerated by the misuse and overuse of antibiotics, as well as poor infection prevention and control. Steps can be taken at all levels of society to reduce the impact and limit the spread of resistance. To prevent and control the spread of antibiotic resistance, individuals can: Only use antibiotics when prescribed by … Read more DMPQ- Antibiotic resistance is accelerated by the misuse and overuse of antibiotics, as well as poor infection prevention and control. Suggest ways to prevent the rise of antibiotic resistance.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are cylindrical molecules that consist of rolled-up sheets of single-layer carbon atoms (graphene). They can be single-walled (SWCNT) with a diameter of less than 1 nanometer (nm) or multi-walled (MWCNT), consisting of several concentrically interlinked nanotubes, with diameters reaching more than 100 nm. Their length can reach several micrometers or even millimeters. … Read more DMPQ-CNTs have unique thermal and mechanical properties that make them intriguing for the development of new materials. Discuss

The Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO) under Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India is the National Regulatory Authority (NRA) of India. Under the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, CDSCO is responsible for approval of New Drugs, Conduct of Clinical Trials, laying down the standards for Drugs, control … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on Central Drug standard control organisation.

Stem cells are special human cells that have the ability to develop into many different cell types, from muscle cells to brain cells. In some cases, they also have the ability to repair damaged tissues.               Stem cells differ from other kinds of cells in the body. Self-renewal: They can divide and renew themselves for … Read more DMPQ- What are stem cells? What are the different types of stem cells and how they are utilised to treat cancer?

In zigzag kilns, bricks are arranged to allow hot air to travel in a zigzag path. The length of the zigzag air path is about three times that of a straight line, and this improves the heat transfer from the flue gases to the bricks, making the entire operation more efficient. In addition, better mixing … Read more DMPQ- What do you understand by the term Zigzag Technology?

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is the study of molecules by recording the interaction of radiofrequency (Rf) electromagnetic radiations with the nuclei of molecules placed in a strong magnetic field. The technique is used in quality control and research for determining the content and purity of a sample as well as its molecular structure. The … Read more DMPQ- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.

It is the web enabled patient management system for TB control under the National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP). It is developed and maintained by the Central TB Division (CTD), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, in collaboration with the National Informatics Centre (NIC), and the World Health Organization Country office for India. … Read more DMPQ- NIKSHAY

To optimize resource utilization and enhance the efficiency of the manufacturing sector, the Department of Industrial Policy & Promotion (DIPP), Ministry of Commerce & Industry launched the Industrial Information System (IIS) in 2017. It is a GIS-enabled database of industrial areas and clusters across the country. The portal serves as a one-stop solution to the … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on Industrial Information System.

The Deep Web (also known as the Undernet, invisible Web and hidden Web, among other monikers) consists of data that you won’t locate with a simple Google search. The deep web, invisible web, or hidden web are parts of the World Wide Web whose contents are not indexed by standard web search engines. The opposite … Read more DMPQ- Differentiate between deep web and dark web.

The SSLV is being designed by Indian scientists to carry smaller commercial satellites into the low-earth orbit less than 2,000 km above the earth’s surface. The SSLV can launch dedicated payloads or multiple satellites into low earth orbit or sun-synchronous orbit. The payload will be 300 kg to sun synchronous orbit (SSO) and 500 kg … Read more DMPQ- The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is planning the inaugural flight of its indigenously developed Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV). What is SSLV and How SSLV is different from PSLV?

LIDAR is short for Light Detection And Ranging. It’s a more modern (but still pretty old) version of the tried and true radar which is short for Radio Detection And Ranging. Radar uses radio waves to detect objects and determine their range, angle, and/or velocity while lidar does basically the same thing, but with pulsed … Read more DMPQ- What is the difference between LIDAR and RADAR?

DMH-11 is a Genetically Modified (GM) mustard hybrid. Hybrids are normally obtained by crossing 2 genetically diverse plants from the same species. The 1st-generation offspring resulting from it has higher yields than what either of the parents is individually capable of giving. But there is no natural hybridization system in mustard, unlike in, say, cotton, … Read more DMPQ-Write a short note on GM Mustard.

Salient Features: The Policy categorises biofuels as “Basic Biofuels” viz. First Generation (1G) bioethanol & biodiesel and “Advanced Biofuels” – Second Generation (2G) ethanol, Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) to drop-in fuels, Third Generation (3G) biofuels, bio-CNG etc. to enable extension of appropriate financial and fiscal incentives under each category. The Policy expands the scope of … Read more DMPQ-Write down the salient features of National Biofuel Policy.

The National Health Profile (NHP) has been prepared by the Central Bureau of HealthIntelligence (CBHI). The National Health Profile was first published in 2005.Ever since the profile has beenreleased every year. The profile provides information on demographic, socio-economic health status, healthfinance indicators, health infrastructure and health of human resources in the country.   Key takeaways … Read more DMPQ- What are key outcomes of the National Health Profile?

Quantum supremacy refers to quantum computers being able to solve a problem that a classical computer cannot. In the research paper, Google used a 53-qubit processor to generate a sequence of millions of numbers. Though these numbers appeared randomly generated, they conform to an algorithm generated by Google. A classical supercomputer checked some of these … Read more DMPQ-What do you mean by quantum supremacy and how it is going to be beneficial in our quest for prowess in Information and Technology.

A fuel cell uses the chemical energy of hydrogen or another fuel to cleanly and efficiently produce electricity. If hydrogen is the fuel, electricity, water, and heat are the only products. Fuel cells are unique in terms of the variety of their potential applications; they can provide power for systems as large as a utility … Read more DMPQ-Discuss the functioning of Fuel cell and how it is going the serve the problem of energy deficiency and climate change.

Project Beehive was launched by the Army’s Corps of Electronics and Mechanical Engineers(EME) on September 1,2019. The project seeks to achieve greater automation of the Corps and connect all its workshops to an integrated smart network with real-time data analytics capabilities.The centralised network would allow Indian army to access data about any equipment across the … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on Project Beehive.