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Pre-Harappan Period Lower Paleolithic Hand axe & cleaver industries Pahalgam, Belan valley (U.P), (600,000 – 60,000 BC) Bhimbetka, Adamgarh, 16 R Singi Talav Middle Paleolithic Tools made on flakes Bhimbetka, Nevasa, Pushkar, Rohiri (150,000 – 40,000 BC) … Read more Ancient Indian History(Quick Revision)
Section (A) – Indian Constitution and Polity (I) Preamble of the Indian Constitution (Secular, Democratic and Socialist-Philosophy behind It) (II) Salient features of the Indian Constitution. ; Basic structure of the Indian Constitution.Concept of Public Interest Litigation (III)Fundamental Rights & Duties (IV) Directive Principles of the State Policy (V) Union Government : (a) Union Executive … Read more Paper IV- INDIAN CONSTITUTION & POLITY, PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION & GOOD GOVERNANCE
The price of the program is just 2309 and will include the detailed notes and 24 comprehensive tests for Jharkhand PSC Preparation. Join Now Test :- History, Art, Culture, Literature, Tradition & Heritage of Jharkhand Test :-Indian History-Ancient Period Test :-Indian History-Medieval Period Test :-Indian History-Modern Period Test :-Indian Polity Test :-Polity of Jharkhand Test … Read more Jharkhand PCS (JPSC) Exam Prelims Test Series for General Studies
Folk Paintings or Paitkar or SCROLL PAINTING These are one of the oldest tribal paintings in India and due to their appearance they are also called scroll paintings. Artisans from the Paitkar community use natural colour and vermillion to paint on soiled or used papers. The hair of a goat or the help of … Read more Cultural Art Of Jharkhand
Jharkhand dance forms are a medium of expressing one‘s feelings and the true nature of the vibrant culture of Jharkhand, some story or any other event. Most of these folk dances in Jharkhand are performed by the local tribes .The performance of folk dance in Jharkhand does not await the arrival of any particular … Read more Folk Dance Of Jharkhand
The Kushana period witnessed a remarkable development in art, sculpture and architecture. The Gandhara School of Art and Sculpture marked a happy blending of the Graceo-Romano-Buddhist style and techniques. The distinguishing features of the Gandhara Sculpture owed their origin to Greek and Roman styles yet the art essentially was Indian in spirit. The Gandhara … Read more Art, Sculpture and Architecture in Kushana Empire
Any – body of standing water, generally large enough in area and depth, irrespective of its hydrology, ecology, and other characteristics is generally known as lake. Ageing of Lakes The nutrient enrichment of the lakes promotes the growth of algae, aquatic plants and various fauna. This process is known as natural eutrophication. Similar nutrient … Read more LAKE ECOLOGY
Sources of finance are the most explored area especially for the entrepreneurs about to start a new business. It is perhaps the toughest part of all the efforts. There are various sources of finance classified based on time period, ownership and control, and source of generation of finance. The process of selecting right … Read more SOURCE OF FINANCE
Federalism is a system of government in which the same territory is controlled by two levels of government. Generally, an overarching national government governs issues that affect the entire country, and smaller subdivisions govern issues of local concern. Both the national government and the smaller political subdivisions have the power to make laws and both … Read more Federal Dynamics.
Age Problems Important Formulas on “Problems on Ages”: If the current age is x, then ntimes the age is nx. If the current age is x, then age nyears later/hence = x+ n. If the current age is x, then age nyears ago = x– n. The ages in a ratio a: bwill be ax and bx. 5. If the current age is x, then 1 of the age is … Read more AGE PROBLEMS
Partition of Bengal With the partition of Bengal, Indian National Movement entered its second stage On 20 July, 1905, Lord Curzon issued an order dividing the province of Bengal into two parts: Eastern Bengal and Assam with a population of 31 mn and the rest of Bengal with a population of 54 mn. Reason … Read more Partition of Bengal and The Swadeshi Movement
Meat Meat sector in the State predominantly operates mostly in an unorganized format. The state produced about 161.94 MT of meat during 2011-12. The per capita availability of meat is 7 gms/day whereas the total requirement of meat is 657 lakh ton leaving a deficit of 215.33 lakh ton (32.77%). In spite of large … Read more An overview of Allied Primary sector Jharkhand
Jharkhand which came into being on 15 November 2000 as the 28th State of The Union is the homeland of the tribal‘s for which they had been dreaming for Centuries. According to legend. Raja Jai Singh Deo of Orissa had declared himself the ruler of Jharkhand in the 13th century. It largely comprises forest … Read more Special Identity Of Jharkhand
Forest ecosystem includes a complex assemblage of different kinds of biotic communities. Optimum conditions such as temperature and ground moisture are responsible for the establishment of forest communities. Forests may be evergreen or deciduous which are distinguished on the basis of leaf into broad-leafed or needle leafed coniferous forests in the case of temperate areas. … Read more FOREST ECOSYSTEM
Bahadur Shah 1 (1707-12) Muzam succeeded Aurungzeb after latter’s death in 1707 He acquired the title of Bahadur Shah. Though he was quite old (65) and his rule quite short there are many significant achievements he made He reversed the narrow minded and antagonistic policies of Aurungzeb Made agreements with Rajput states Granted sardeshmukhi to … Read more India in the Eighteenth Century
1.The Marathas were Scindia (Gwalior), Holkar (Indore), Gaekwar (Baroda), Bhonsle (Nagpur). 2.Sawai Jai Singh of Amer (Jaipur) had Euclid’s ‘Elements of Geometry) & several works on Trigonometry were translated into Sanskrit. Banda Bairagi was baptised as Banda Singh Bahadur by Guru Gobind Singh. 3.Alfonso d’ Albuquerque came to India as the Portuguese … Read more Miscellaneous Facts:
Energy Resources- Conventional Energy Resources Petroleum, natural gas, coal, nitrogen, uranium and water power are examples of conventional sources of energy. They’re also called non-renewable sources of energy and are mainly fossil fuels, except water power. Rising growth of population has created a tremendous pressure on the conventional resources of energy and thus the concept of … Read more Energy Resources
The interaction between the organisms is fundamental for its survival and functioning of ecosystem as a whole. Type of Biotic Interaction Mutualism: both species benefit. Example: in pollination mutualisms, the pollinator gets food (pollen, nectar), and the plant has its pollen transferred to other flowers for cross-fertilization (reproduction). Commensalism: one species benefits, the … Read more BIOTIC INTERACTION
Rural-Urban Composition: For the first time since Independence, the absolute increase in population is more in urban areas that in rural areas Rural Population in India: 68.84% Urban Population in India:31.16% Level of urbanization increased from 27.81% in 2001 Census to 31.16% in 2011 Census The proportion of rural population declined from 72.19% to 68.84% … Read more Age structure, sex ratio and Rural-Urban composition of India
Since the grant of diwani for Bengal, Bihar and Orissa in 1765, the major concern of the East India Company’s administration in India was to collect as much revenue as possible. Agriculture was the main basis of economy and the main source of income and hence, although the nawabi administration was retained with Muhammad … Read more Land Revenue System under British Rule
found where rainfall is about 25-75 cm per year, not enough to support a forest, but more than that of a true desert. vegetation formations that are generally found in temperate climates. In India, they are found mainly in the high Himalayas. The rest of India’s grasslands aremainly composed of steppes and savannas. Steppe … Read more GRASSLAND ECOSYTEM
ENERGY FLOW- Energy is the basic force responsible for all metabolic activities. The flow of energy from producer to top consumers is called energy flow which is unidirectional. Energy flows through the trophic levels: from producers to subsequent trophic levels. There is a loss of some energy in the form of unusable heat at … Read more FUNCTIONS OF AN ECOSYSTEM
Indus Valley Civilization Indus Valley Civilization was the first major civilization in south Asia, which spread across a vast area of land in present day India and Pakistan (around 12 lakh sq.km). The time period of mature Indus Valley Civilization is estimated between BC. 2700- BC.1900 i.e. for 800 years. But early Indus Valley Civilization had … Read more The Indus Valley Civilization : Origin, antiquity, extent, authorship and main features
Geomorphology Earth’s Interior – Earthquake Waves – Shadow Zone Most of the knowledge we have about Earth’s deep interior comes from the fact that seismic waves penetrate the Earth and are recorded on the other side. Earthquake ray paths and arrival times are more complex than illustrated in the animations, because velocity in the … Read more Broad Physical features
Classification involves putting things into a class or group according to particular characteristics so it’s easier to make sense of them, whether you’re organizing your shoes, your stock portfolio, or a group of invertebrates. From all competitive examination classification is one of the most important topics, this pattern come with lot of questions minimum they … Read more CLASSIFICATION LEVEL 1
Most of the knowledge we have about Earth’s deep interior comes from the fact that seismic waves penetrate the Earth and are recorded on the other side. Earthquake ray paths and arrival times are more complex than illustrated in the animations, because velocity in the Earth does not simply increase with depth. Velocities generally … Read more Interior of earth,
1885 W.C. Bannerjee Bombay 1886 Dadabhai Naroji Calcutta 1887 Badruddin Tyabji Madras 1888 George Yule Allahabad 1889 William Weederburn Bombay 1905 G.K. Gokhale Banaras – Issues like welcoming the prince of wales led to feud 1906 Dadabhai Naoroji Calcutta – Approval of issues of swadesi … Read more Congress Sessions
North India Ghadvalas Chandradeva*. Jaichandra fought Muhammad Ghur Chandellas of Jejakabhukti/Bundelkhand *Vidyadhara* & Yashovarman Paramaras of Malwa Vakpati Munjal & *Bhoja* Chahamanas/Chauhans of Sakambhari Vigraharaja IV Visaladeva, *Prithviraj III* (Chauhan) Kalachuris of Tripuri Kokalla, Gangeyadeva & *Karna* … Read more Medieval India
JAIPUR 21 august 2015 India is to host the second edition of the Forum for India-Pacific Islands Cooperation (FIPIC) in Jaipur on August 21, with all 14 countries of the region participating — nine months after Prime Minister Narendra Modi on a visit to Fiji proposed holding of the second summit in India. of the 14 … Read more
Economy growth of Jharkhand has been slow in comparison with the national average. The economy depends mostly on mineral resources, industries, agricultural, and tourism sectors. The State’s Gross Domestic Product amounted to US $ 14 billion in 2004, which moved to US $ 22.46 billion in 2010-11. Jharkhand‘s per capita income increased by 40.82 … Read more Economy growth of Jharkhand & Others policies of Jharkhand
The 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Acts, 1992, which gave Constitutional status to panchayati raj institutions (PRIs) and urban local bodies (ULBs) respectively, in both letter and spirit in order to bring about greater decentralisation and increase the involvement of the community in planning and implementing schemes and, thus, increase accountability. The Amendments left important … Read more The Panchayats functions and responsibilities with special reference to 73rd and 74th Constitutional amendments
The global macroeconomic landscape is currently chartering a rough and uncertain terrain characterized by weak growth of world output. The situation has been exacerbated by; (i) declining prices of a number of commodities, with reduction in crude oil prices being the most visible of them, (ii) turbulent fnancial markets (more so equity markets), and … Read more Indian Economy in global Scenario
In India, at present forest areas cover about 76.5 million hectares of land, which is about 23 per cent of the total geographical area. It ranges from about 87 per cent in Andaman & Nicobar Islands to only about 4 percent in Haryana making to range difference of 83 percent. According to our National … Read more Natural Vegetation-Forest types and distribution, wild life, conservation, biosphere reserves
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Coastal Ocean Monitoring and Prediction System (COMAPS) Being implemented from 1991. Assesses the health of coastal waters and facilitates management of pollution-related issues Programme was restructured and modified in 2000 2001 to include pollution monitoring; liaison, regulation and legislation; and consultancy services. 2.Land Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone (LOICZ) Launched in … Read more Key Initiatives To Protect Marine And Coastal Environments
The Indian constitution originally provided 7 categories of fundamental rights. But one fundamental right, that to property was removed from the list of fundamental rights by 44th amendment. Right to property now is an ordinary legal right. Thus there are now 6 categories of fundamental rights. These are: (1) Right to equality (Arts. 14-18). In … Read more Fundamental Rights & Duties
The elements or mineral nutrients are always in circulation moving from non-living to living and then back to the non-living components of the ecosystem in a more or less circular fashion. This circular fashion is known as biogeochemical cycling (bio for living; geo for atmosphere). Nutrient Cycling: The nutrient cycle is a concept that describes … Read more BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLE
Marketing Management is a social and managerial process by which individuals or firms obtain what they need or want through creating, offering, exchanging products of value with each others. CORE CONCEPTS OF MARKETING NEED/ WANT/ DEMAND: Need: It is state of deprivation of some basic satisfaction. Want: Desire for specific … Read more MARKETING MANAGEMENT
Ancient Period : (i) The Indus Valley Civilization : Origin, antiquity, extent, authorship and main features; (iilOrigin of the Aryans (iii) Antiquity and stratification of the Vedic literature; Society, economy and religion during Early (Rig-Vedic) period. (iv) The Lichavi and their republican constitution. (v) The Rise of the Magadhan empire (vi)The Mauryas : Extent of empire, … Read more JPSC Prelims Notes for History, Art, Culture, Literature, Tradition & Heritage of India
Rice The rice is cultivated on the largest areas in India. Historians believe that while the indica variety of rice was first domesticated in the area covering the foothills of the Eastern Himalayas (i.e. north-eastern India).Rice is a nutritional staple food which provides instant energy as its most important component is carbohydrate (starch). Rice … Read more Geographical condition and distribution of major crops, like,Rice, Wheat,Cotton, Jute, Sugarcane, Rubber, Tea and Coffee
Sahitya Akademi Award winners returning their awards Against the recent killings of rationalist and writers mm Kalburgi ,Narendra Dabholkar and Govind pansare Sahitya Akademi winners have returned their awards. They have termed such attacks not only to be against the constitution of India which provide right to life under article 21 but even against the … Read more Daily current affair 7 October 2015
The Indian Government had undertaken industrial policy reforms since 1980, but the most radical reforms have occurred since 1991, after the severe economic crisis in fiscal year 1990-91. These reforms mainly aimed at enhancing the efficiency and international competitiveness in Indian industry. Growth in the industrial sector is one of the vital figures that affect … Read more Industrial Economy: Policy Initiative & charges
Wetlands are lands transitional between terrestrial and aquatic system where the water table is usually near the water surface and land is covered by shallow water. Essential as: control floods, water treatment, recharging of water sources, reduce sediments, check soil erosion, bulwark against encroachment by the sea, winter resort for birds and important … Read more Wetland Conservation Programme
Areas of marsh, fen, peatland/water, whether natural (or) artificial, permanent (or) temporary with water that is static (or) flowing, fresh, brackish (or) salt, including areas of marine water the depth of which at low tide does not exceed 6 mtrs. Wetlands Classification- Inland wetland- a)Natural- Lakes / Ponds, Ox-bow Lakes, Waterlogged, Swamp/marsh b) Manmade- … Read more WET LAND ECOSYSTEM
Beginning of the Universe started about 13.6 billion years ago,when the Big Bang created the universe from a point source. During this process, light elements, like H, He, Li, B, and Be formed. From this point in time, the universe began to expand and has been expanding ever since. Concentrations of gas and … Read more Origin and evolution of earth
Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj (Shivaji Shahaji Bhosale) was the founder of strong Maratha Empire in the west part of India in 17th Century. Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj (Shivaji Shahaji Bhosale) was born in the fort of Shivneri, near from city Junner (Pune District), in the year 1630 (19th February’ 1630). His mother Jijabai Bhosale named him … Read more Rise of Maratha Empire
Jharkhand Daily Current Affairs not only covers the Daily News event part of Jharkhand but also the National and International events , Pattern of Jharkhand PSC has got a major shift in the recent years with a great focus on Current Affairs. We have Bifurcated the Jharkhand Daily Current Affairs into Jharkhand Events, National Events … Read more Jharkhand Current Affairs- 2020 for Jharkhand PCS Exam of JPSC
Biome The terrestrial part of the biosphere is divisible into enormous regions called biomes, which are characterized, by climate, vegetation, animal life and general soil type. No two biomes are alike. The most important climatic factors are temperature and precipitation. Tundra- Northern most region adjoining the ice bound poles. Devoid of trees except stunted shrubs … Read more Biomes and Its types