Points to Remember:
- The question tests knowledge of the Delhi Sultanate’s history, specifically focusing on the renaming of Devagiri.
- The correct answer will be the Sultan responsible for this action.
Introduction:
The Delhi Sultanate, a powerful medieval empire in India, witnessed several significant administrative and territorial changes under its various rulers. One such event was the renaming of the important city of Devagiri. Understanding which Sultan was responsible for this act requires examining the reigns of the prominent rulers of the period. Devagiri, a strategically located city in the Deccan region, held considerable importance due to its wealth and position. Its renaming to Daulatabad reflects the power and ambitions of the Delhi Sultanate.
Body:
Identifying the Correct Sultan:
The question requires identifying the Sultan who renamed Devagiri to Daulatabad. While several Sultans expanded the Delhi Sultanate’s territory, only one is associated with this specific renaming.
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Alauddin Khalji (A): While Alauddin Khalji significantly expanded the Sultanate’s power and wealth through military conquests, there’s no historical record of him renaming Devagiri. His focus was primarily on consolidating his power and extending control over northern and central India.
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Balban (B): Balban, known for his administrative reforms and military prowess, also did not rename Devagiri. His reign primarily focused on strengthening the Sultanate’s internal structure and defense against external threats.
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Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq (C): Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq is historically credited with renaming Devagiri to Daulatabad. This act was part of his broader ambitious, albeit often disastrous, administrative and economic policies. He shifted his capital from Delhi to Daulatabad, hoping to better control the Deccan region and its resources. This move, however, proved to be logistically challenging and economically draining, ultimately contributing to instability within the Sultanate.
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Firuz Shah Tughlaq (D): Firuz Shah Tughlaq, while known for his extensive building projects and administrative reforms, did not rename Devagiri. His reign followed that of Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq, and he focused on consolidating the Sultanate after the tumultuous period under his predecessor.
Analysis of Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq’s Decision:
Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq’s decision to rename Devagiri and shift his capital there was a complex one, driven by several factors:
- Strategic Location: Devagiri’s strategic location in the Deccan made it a crucial point for controlling the southern regions.
- Economic Considerations: The Deccan was a wealthy region, and controlling it was vital for the Sultanate’s economic prosperity.
- Political Control: Relocating the capital aimed to exert tighter control over the Deccan and potentially quell rebellions.
However, the move proved to be a costly mistake. The logistical challenges of moving the entire capital, along with the population, proved insurmountable, leading to widespread discontent and economic hardship.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq (C) is the correct answer. While his decision to rename Devagiri to Daulatabad and shift his capital there was motivated by strategic and economic considerations, it ultimately proved to be a flawed policy decision that contributed to instability within the Delhi Sultanate. The episode highlights the complexities of governance and the importance of considering the practical implications of ambitious policy changes. Understanding this historical event underscores the need for careful planning and consideration of all stakeholders when implementing large-scale administrative reforms. A holistic approach, considering both the potential benefits and drawbacks of such decisions, is crucial for effective governance and sustainable development.