Jharkhand State Election Commission: Structure and Functions

The Jharkhand State Election Commission (SEC) is an autonomous constitutional body responsible for conducting free, fair, and impartial elections to the local self-government institutions in the state of Jharkhand. Established on 14th March 2001, the SEC plays a crucial role in upholding the democratic principles at the grassroots level.

Structure of the Jharkhand SEC

The SEC is headed by the State Election Commissioner (SEC), who is appointed by the Governor of Jharkhand. To ensure independence and impartiality, the SEC enjoys the same status and security of tenure as a judge of the High Court. The SEC cannot be removed from office except on grounds and in a manner similar to the removal of a High Court judge.
The SEC is assisted by a team of officers and staff, including:

Secretary: The administrative head of the SEC, responsible for the day-to-day functioning of the commission.

Additional/Joint Secretaries: Assist the Secretary in managing various departments and functions of the SEC.

Deputy Election Commissioners: Oversee specific aspects of election management, such as voter registration, election conduct, and enforcement of the model code of conduct.

Other supporting staff: Provide administrative, technical, and logistical support to the SEC.

Functions of the Jharkhand SEC

The primary functions of the Jharkhand SEC include:
Superintendence, Direction, and Control of Elections: The SEC has the overall responsibility for conducting elections to the following local bodies:

Rural Local Bodies: Panchayats at the village, intermediate, and district levels.

Urban Local Bodies: Municipalities and Municipal Corporations.

Preparation of Electoral Rolls: The SEC prepares and updates the electoral rolls for all local body elections. This involves ensuring that all eligible citizens are registered as voters and that the electoral rolls are accurate and up-to-date.
Delimitation of Constituencies: The SEC determines the boundaries of electoral constituencies for local body elections, ensuring equitable representation for different areas and communities.
Conduct of Elections: The SEC conducts all aspects of the election process, including:

Issuing notifications: Announcing the election schedule and calling for nominations.

Scrutinizing nominations: Verifying the eligibility of candidates.

Allotment of symbols: Assigning election symbols to candidates.

Polling arrangements: Setting up polling stations and ensuring smooth conduct of polling.

Counting of votes: Overseeing the counting process and declaration of results.

Enforcement of Model Code of Conduct: The SEC ensures that all political parties and candidates adhere to the Model Code of Conduct during elections. This code aims to maintain a level playing

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field and prevent unfair practices that could influence the outcome of the elections.
Election Disputes: The SEC has the power to adjudicate disputes related to local body elections.

Constitutional Provisions

The authority and functions of the State Election Commissions, including the Jharkhand SEC, are derived from the Constitution of India:

Article 243K: Empowers the State Legislature to make provisions for the constitution of a State Election Commission.

Article 243ZA: Specifies that the superintendence, direction, and control of the preparation of electoral rolls and the conduct of all elections to the Panchayats shall be vested in the State Election¹Commission.

Article 324: Grants overall supervisory power to the Election Commission of India over all elections, including those conducted by the State Election Commissions.

The Jharkhand SEC plays a vital role in strengthening the democratic framework at the grassroots level. By conducting free and fair elections to local bodies, the SEC empowers citizens to participate in governance and ensures that local self-government institutions function effectively and transparently.