One Point Solution for JPSC Preparation
? Ever since India got freedom in 1947, efforts have been made to strengthen the panchayati raj system to create, in the rural people a sense of participation in the nation-building programme. Article 40 under Directive Principles of State Policy of the Constitution directs the state “to organise village panchayats as units of self- … Read more
? Planning and Foreign Trade Foreign Trade is the important factor in economic development in any nation. Foreign trade in India comprises of all imports and exports to and from India. The Ministry of Commerce and Industry at the level of Central Government has responsibility to manage such operations. The domestic production reveals on … Read more
? Industrial Growth and Structure – Public, Private and Joint Sectors Division of the Economy between Public Sector and Private Sector: The present economic structure of Indian economy is known as mixed economy, where there is a coexistence of both the public sector and the private sector. All the different types of industries are … Read more
? Reforms and prospects of cooperative movement in Maharashtra India is a union of States. Co-operation is a State subject, i.e. falling within the scope of State legislation. Each State has its Co-operative Societies’ Act, as Maharashtra State Co-operative Societies Act, 1961, regulating the working of the co-operative movement in Maharashtra. Co-operative credit structure … Read more
? Alternative policy initiatives in agricultural marketing More than three-fifths of India’s population draws their livelihood from agriculture that adds just one-fifth to its GDP. There should be obvious serious concerns about efficient functioning of this sector both in terms of its output / productivity and its marketing. While output and productivity are supply … Read more
? Economic reforms in india New Industrial Policy Under Industrial Policy, keeping in view the priorities of the country and its economic development, the roles of the public and private sectors are clearly decided. Under the New Industrial Policy, the industries have been freed to a large extent from the licenses and other controls. … Read more
? Role of Foreign Capital and Multinational companies in Industrial development of India The development of any society or country without economic development is a myth. Economic development brings prosperity which in turns is directly proportional to the amount of goods and services produced quantitatively or in broad sense … Read more
Industrial Growth and Structure – Public, Private and Joint Sectors Division of the Economy between Public Sector and Private Sector: The present economic structure of Indian economy is known as mixed economy, where there is a coexistence of both the public sector and the private sector. All the different types of industries are divided between … Read more
? Financial Markets –Instabilities – Stock Exchanges and SEBI Instabilities in Financial Markets The traditional conception of instability in financial markets stems from the view that financial institutions act as agents which intermediate between savers willing to lend funds and final borrowers seeking to invest funds. This intermediation function not only requires a matching … Read more
Growth and trade – volume, composition and direction of exports and imports The composition of commodities in India’s international trade has been undergoing a change over the years. The share of agriculture and allied products has declined, whereas, shares of petroleum and crude products and other commodities have increased. The shares of ore minerals and … Read more
? ANIMAL HUSBANDRY AND DAIRY Sustained efforts – Stabilized Primary sector Technology in agriculture – bringing together global leaders in cutting edge technologies to aid small and marginal farmers Drought – a thing of the past – Sustained growth in Agriculture and Allied sectors – Growth despite deficit rainfall Soil Health … Read more
? After the rural job guarantee programme, the government is now focusing on an ambitious National Food Security Act aimed at drawing more people into the food security net. It has made a strong pitch for providing 35 kg of cereal at Rs 3 per kg every month to the poor of this country. The … Read more
? Export Potential of Small scale and cottage industries With the establishment of a large number of modem small-scale industries in the post-independence period, the contribution of the small-scale sector in export earnings has increased by leaps and bounds. What is heartening to observe is that the bulk of the exports of the small-scale … Read more
? Make-in India – Start- up and Stand-up programmes Make-in India Make in India is the government’s flagship campaign intended to boost the domestic manufacturing industry and attract foreign investors to invest into the Indian economy. The Indian Prime Minister, Mr. Narendra Modi first mentioned the keyphrase in his maiden Independence Day address from … Read more
? Revision notes/ quick bytes Paper I, Part C: Accounting and Auditing: Internal Control Internal Control: Internal control comprises of the plan of the organisation and all the coordinate methods and measures adopted within a business to safeguard its measures adopted within a business to safeguard its assets, check the accuracy and reliability … Read more
MNREGA and community power structure Several rural development programmes were initiated in India during 1950s and 1960s. These programmes, popularly known as community development programmes, regarded rural people as beneficiaries but not participants in the development process. They were centrally designed and were implemented by extension agents using a top-down mode of decision-making. Those agents … Read more
? Utilization of public fund Intergovernmental transfers from the centre to the states takes place through three channels: statutory and other transfers mandated by the Finance Commission, formula-based transfers for State Plan Schemes through the Planning Commission, and other discretionary transfers by the Planning Commission/ various central Ministries. The entire tax sharing is a … Read more
Availability of Skilled Human Resources in India Skilling the youth is the new buzzword in the government, and all the experts agree that it clearly needs a more skilled approach to implement what has been drawn up in a policy paper. It was roughly a year ago the government rejigged the UPA’s Skill India policy … Read more
? Rights related to Health “The right to the highest attainable standard of health” implies a clear set of legal obligations on states to ensure appropriate conditions for the enjoyment of health for all people without discrimination. The right to health is one of a set of internationally agreed human rights standards, and is … Read more
? Human Development Index The HDI is an average measure of basic human development achievements in a country measured by UNDP. It is an average of long-term progress in three basic dimensions of human development viz. a long and healthy life, access to knowledge and a decent standard of living. India has been placed … Read more
? SKILL DEVELOPMENT Introduction India is passing through the phase of demographic transition which could be the biggest opportunity or the biggest concern of the country depending upon the utilization of its huge work force. India adds 12 million people to its workforce annually, but very few have any formal skill training. Today, less … Read more
? State finances and local finances State finances The constitution (73rd and 74th) Amendment Acts, 1992 and Article 280 (3) (c) have altered the erstwhile fiscal devolution system and framework between the states and local governments. Under the new fiscal devolution system every state government is required to constitute, once in five years, a … Read more
? Concept of Social Legislation Legislation is an instrument to control, guide and restrain the behaviour of individuals and groups living in society. Individuals and groups left in absolute freedom may clash with each other in the pursuit of their self interest at the cost of others.They cause grave harm to society leading to chaos. … Read more
? Debt and Investment in India: Current Status Debt status Government liabilities have been broadly classified as debt contracted against the Consolidated Fund of India (defined as Public Debt) and liabilities in the Public Account, called Other Liabilities. Public debt is further classified into internal and external debt. Internal debt consists of marketable debt … Read more
? Rural development initiatives :Karnataka Urban Ashraya/Vajpayee Urban Housing Scheme This is State Sponsored scheme implemented for urban poor and it was introduced by the Government in the year 1991-92. The annual income of the beneficiary is Rs.32,000/-. The beneficiaries are selected by the Ashraya Committee comprising both official and non official members appointed … Read more
? Calculation of income tax (for salaried person and excluding house rent allowance) Salary is made up of various components such as: Basic salary, House rent allowance (HRA), Special allowance Other allowances, reimbursements etc. However, not all of the amount received as salary is fully taxable. A part of it … Read more
? Insufficient Financial Resources and Deficiency Of Capital The financial sector and its role in the process of economic development has attracted notable attention since the early 1990s. In particular, the crucial need for a stable banking system was highlighted in the wake of the Asian financial crisis … Read more
? Changes in cropping pattern Cropping pattern means the proportion of area under various crops at a point of time or yearly sequence and spatial arrangement of crops and Changes in cropping pattern Cropping pattern means the proportion of area under various crops at a point of time or yearly sequence and spatial arrangement … Read more
? Age structure, sex ratio and Rural-Urban composition of India Rural-Urban Composition: For the first time since Independence, the absolute increase in population is more in urban areas that in rural areas Rural Population in India: 68.84% Urban Population in India: 31.16% Level of urbanization increased from 27.81% in 2001 Census to … Read more
? Decentralization:Top down planning and bottom up planning Decentralised planning is a kind of percolation of planning activities or process from the Centre to the sub- state levels, i.e., district, sub-division, block and village level. Since the inception of First Plan, the importance of decentralised planning was emphasised in order to achieve active people’s participation … Read more
? SEZ The SEZ Corridor is an emerging corridor implementing a number of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) along the Grand Southern Trunk Road (NH 45) in Chennai. Started with the establishment of the Madras Export Processing Zone in 1984 (converted to a SEZ in 2003), the SEZ corridor currently has 5 operational SEZs and over … Read more
National Vocational Education Council National council of vocational educational board is a national vocational education development organized mission promotes by planning commission government of India to ensure public organized co-operation effort implementation of the vocational education development plan. The constitution and functioning of public organized is approved unanimously by the planning commission government of India. … Read more
? Introduction India is very rich in forest resources, with a large area under forest. All kinds of trees are found here varying from the deciduous, tropical hardwood trees to the evergreen and coniferous trees. Trees provide one with a wide range of products. From paper to paints, chemicals, housing and … Read more
? National Educational Research and Training Council The National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) is an autonomous organisation of the Government of India which was established on 1 September 1961 as a literary, scientific and charitable Society under the Societies’ Registration Act (Act XXI of 1860). Its headquarters are located at Sri … Read more
Thermal power program of India More than 65% of India’s electricity generation capacity comes from thermal power plants, with 85% of the country’s thermal power generation being coal-based. The ten biggest thermal power stations operating in India are all coal-fired, with five of them owned and operated by state-run National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC). Vindhyachal Thermal … Read more
? Issues related to Role of women in Economic and Social Development in India India has experienced rapid growth and development in the past years in many spheres. Gender equity is not one of them. This is deplorable considering the important role played by women in the socio-economic growth of the country. The … Read more
? Development of Industries:- Industrial Development in India during the British Rule:- 1. Subject Matter of Industrial Development 2. Early Efforts of Industrialization 3. Industries in the Inter-War Period (1919-38) 4. Industries during 1939-47 5. Reasons for Low Industrial Development in India. Subject Matter of Industrial Development: Underdeveloped countries are greatly handicapped by shortage of capital … Read more
Issues related to Deprived Class Education The concept of Deprived/ Marginalized Groups is generally used to analyse socioeconomic, political, and cultural spheres, where disadvantaged people struggle to gain access to resources and full participation in social life. In other words, marginalized people might be socially, economically, politically and legally ignored, excluded, or neglected, and, therefore … Read more
? Role of Foreign Capital and Multinational companies in Industrial development of India The development of any society or country without economic development is a myth. Economic development brings prosperity which in turns is directly proportional to the amount of goods and services produced quantitatively or in broad sense we … Read more
? MONETARY POLICY TOOL: There are several direct and indirect instruments that are used for implementing monetary policy. Repo Rate: The (fixed) interest rate at which the Reserve Bank provides overnight liquidity to banks against the collateral of government and other approved securities under the liquidity adjustment facility (LAF). Reverse Repo Rate: … Read more
? Facing Global Competition Globalisation means gradual integration of economies through free movement of goods, services and capital which has significant impact on the economies of both developed and developing countries. Globalisation refers to a process of growing economic interdependence among different countries of the world. Thus, in the globalised era, the whole world … Read more
? National Law University National Law University, Delhi (NLUD) is a prestigious law university in India, offering courses at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels. It is situated in Sector-14, Dwarka, New Delhi, India. NLUD is one of the national law schools in India built on the five-year law degree model proposed and implemented by … Read more
? Sectoral trends in National Income of India In 1950-51, the share of the primary sector in GDP was as high as 55.8%, while that of the secondary sector was only 15.2%. There has been a steady decline in the share of primary sector since then. It fell to 26% in 2000-01. On the … Read more
? Pattern of Revenue Expenditure In India, government expenditure – as per the provision in the Constitution – is divided into revenue expenditure and capital expenditure. However, the adoption of economic planning shifted emphasize on the division of expenditure into Plan and Non-Plan. The share of Non-Plan expenditure has remained close to 70% and … Read more
Manufacturing policy of India The Government of India has announced a National Manufacturing Policy with the objective of enhancing the share of manufacturing in GDP to 25% within a decade and creating 100 million jobs. The National Investment & Manufacturing Zones (NIMZs) are an important instrumentality of the manufacturing policy. The NIMZs are envisaged as … Read more
? Food and Human Health : General Awareness of Balanced and Unbalanced Food Food has been a basic part of our existence. By knowing the food composition , the nutritional content of food is known. Intake of food ensures growth in children and youth, maintains good health throughout life, meets special needs of pregnancy … Read more
? Welfare of Disabled, Aged and Others: Enactments, Policies, Institutions and Schemes Vulnerable groups are those groups of society which would be susceptible under any unfavourable situations such as where the adults are not capable to provide a satisfactory living for the household due to health issues like disability, illness, age … Read more
? Natural resources, their sustainable management and conservation A natural resource is something that is found in nature and can be used by people. Earth’s natural resources include light, air, water, plants, animals, soil, stone, minerals, and fossil fuels. People need some natural resources to stay alive. They use others to make their lives … Read more
? Effects of the policies of developed and developing countries on India’s interest Impact of globalization on india Globalization helps developing countries to deal with rest of the world increase their economic growth, solving the poverty problems in their country. In the past, developing countries were not able to tap on the world economy … Read more
Highlights of current year’s union budget and its analysis Highlights of the budget,2019 Income up to Rs 5 lakh exempted from income tax Standard deduction raised to Rs 50,000 from Rs 40,000 Direct tax proposals to provide Rs 23,000 cr relief to 3 crore taxpayers Persons with gross income up to Rs 6.50 lakh not … Read more