Science

The Union Minister of Earth Sciences has recently launched the Gagan Enabled Mariner’s Instrument for Navigation and Information (GEMINI) device. The device is developed for effective dissemination of emergency information and communication on Ocean States Forecast and mapping of Potential Fishing Zones (PFZ) to fishermen. Ocean States Forecast provides the accurate state of the ocean … Read more DMPQ- GEMINI

It is an infectious and sometimes fatal viral disease. Affects cloven-hoofed animals, including domestic and wild bovids. The virus causes a high fever for two or three days, followed by blisters inside the mouth and on the feet that may rupture and cause lameness. The virus responsible for the disease is a picornavirus, the prototypic … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on Foot and mouth disease

When rubbers bands are twisted and untwisted, it produces a cooling effect. This is called the “elastocaloric” effect, and researchers have suggested that it can be used in a very relevant context today. The elastocaloric effect, if harnessed, may be able to do away with the need of fluid refrigerants used in fridges and air-conditioners. … Read more DMPQ- What do you understand by ELASTOCALORIC effect?

The DNA Technology (Use And Application) Regulation Bill, 2019 was introduced in the Lok Sabha. The bill which is also known as the DNA profiling bill, tries to check use of DNA technology to establish the identity of a person. According to the government, the DNA technology bill aims to establish the identity of missing … Read more DMPQ- Write down the salient features of DNA Technology regulation bill, 2019?

Missile defence is a system, weapon or technology involved in detection, tracking, interception and tracking of attacking missiles. The United States, Russia, China, India, Israel and France have all developed such air defence systems.Surface-to-air missile is a missile designed to destroy aircraft or other missiles. Attempts to develop them started during World War II and … Read more DMPQ- What is S-400 system and how it is going to be beneficial For India?

The National Animal Disease Control Programme (NACDP) to control and eradicate the Foot & Mouth Disease (FMD) and Brucellosis amongst the livestock in the country. The 12,652 Crore fully Central Government sponsored programme will vaccinate over 600 million cattle in the country in an effort to mitigate the two diseases.The programme also aims at vaccinating … Read more DMPQ- National Animal disease control Programme.

Using advanced radar imaging that will provide an unprecedented, detailed view of Earth, the NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar, or NISAR, satellite is designed to observe and take measurements of some of the planet’s most complex processes. These include ecosystem disturbances, ice-sheet collapse, and natural hazards such as earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanoes and landslides. Data collected from … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on NISAR.

Totipotent cells: Stem cells are characterized according to their degree of potency, which refers to their varying ability to differentiate into different cell types. Totipotent cells are the most potent of all stem cells, and defining them is important for research and the field of regenerative medicine.A totipotent cell is a single cell that can give … Read more DMPQ- Difference between totipotent and pluripotent Cells

In the strictest sense, a super earth is just a planet with more mass than Earth, but less than a larger planet like Uranus or Neptune. So, super earths made of rock and metal, or even ice and gas. These planets could have oceans and atmospheres, or made of nothing but hydrogen and helium. The … Read more DMPQ- What do you understand by the term Super Earth?

    Antigen Antibody Overview Substance that can induce an immune response Proteins that recognize and bind to antigens Molecule type Usually proteins, may also be polysaccharides, lipids or nucleic acids Proteins Origin Within the body or externally Within the body Image   The Role of Antigens & Antibodies in Vaccinations Vaccines contain antigens which … Read more DMPQ: Write down the difference between antigen and antibodyand their role in vaccine development.

PCR (polymerase chain reaction) is a method to analyze a short sequence of DNA (or RNA) even in samples containing only minute quantities of DNA or RNA. PCR is used to reproduce (amplify) selected sections of DNA or RNA. Previously, amplification of DNA involved cloning the segments of interest into vectors for expression in bacteria, … Read more DMPQ: Explain PCR Process and the application of it to diagnose the COVID-19

Virus is a biological pandemic and it does not know the political boundary and in the era of globalisation it is a dauting task to control such pandemic without having coordinated global action which is still missing. Every nation is on protectionist mode and taking action without reporting to global agencies. WHO failed to create … Read more DMPQ- In the wake of COVID-19, failure of world leaders and institution is blatantly visible. Comment

Ministry Of Earth Sciences Plans Rs 8000 Crore ‘Deep Ocean Mission’ To Boost India’s Sea Exploration Capabilities. The mission proposes to explore the deep ocean similar to the space exploration started by ISRO about 35 years ago.The focus of the mission will be on deep-sea mining, ocean climate change advisory services, underwater vehicles and underwater … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on deep sea mission?

In rural India, only three in 10 internet users are a woman (?IMRB’s I Cube Report 2017?). A partnership with Tata Trusts, Internet Saathi gives women access to the digital world, and knowledge they can use and share. The program trains “Saathis” — specialists — who in turn can train their community and neighboring villages. … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on Internet saathi.

Deepfakes are so-named because they use deep learning technology, a branch of machine learning that applies neural net simulation to massive data sets, to create a fake. Artificial intelligence effectively learns what a source face looks like at different angles in order to transpose the face onto a target, usually an actor, as if it … Read more DMPQ: What is deepfake technology?

Microdots are a globally proven technology to ensure originality in spare parts of machines and components, including in the automobile sector. The microdot technology involves spraying thousands of microscopic dots onto vehicles or other assets to form a unique identification. Each microdot carries this identification which is registered to the owner, but is not visible … Read more DMPQ: What is microdot technology? What are its application.

A regulatory sandbox (RS) usually refers to live testing of new products or services in a controlled/test regulatory environment for which regulators may (or may not) permit certain regulatory relaxations for the limited purpose of the testing. The RS allows the regulator, the innovators, the financial service providers (as potential deployers of the technology) and … Read more DMPQ: What is regulatory sandbox and How it is beneficial?

Quantum Technology is based on the principles of Quantum mechanics, that was developed in the early 20th century to describe nature in the small — at the scale of atoms and elementary particles.The first phase of this revolutionary technology has provided the foundations of our understanding of the physical world, including the interaction of light and … Read more DMPQ-What do you understand by quantum technology? What are the application?

Vaccine hesitancy reflects concerns about the decision to vaccinate oneself or one’s children. There is a broad range of factors contributing to vaccine hesitancy, including the compulsory nature of vaccines, their coincidental temporal relationships to adverse health outcomes, unfamiliarity with vaccine-preventable diseases, and lack of trust in corporations and public health agencies. Vaccine hesitancy is … Read more DMPQ- WHO listed Vaccine hesitancy as among top 10 threats to global health this year. What do you mean by Vaccine hesitancy.

Thirty Meter Telescope is a new class of extremely large telescopes that will allow us to see deeper into space and observe cosmic objects with unprecedented sensitivity. It is getting built at Mauna Kea, Hawaii, USA. With its 30 m prime mirror diameter, TMT will be three times as wide, with nine times more area … Read more DMPQ-Write a short note on Thirty Meter Telescope.

In 2018, the home ministry had announced the Automated Facial Recognition System (AFRS) project to help the law enforcement agencies to identify criminals, missing people and unidentified bodies in a scientific and speedy manner. The AFRS, under the aegis of the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB), is a component of Crime and Criminal Tracking Network … Read more DMPQ-Explain the functioning of face recognition software.

World economy is expecting a slow down due to the spread of COVID-19 in around 115 countries. WHO has recently termed the COVID-19 pandemic and US has termed it as emergency situation. As a result of the virus spread global economy is facing serious situations like: Travel and trade have been severely affected in the … Read more DMPQ- CONVID-19 has caused a fall in production and decline in demand. Comment on the economic uncertainty due to CONVID-19.

Genome sequencing is figuring out the order of DNA nucleotides, or bases, in a genome—the order of As, Cs, Gs, and Ts that make up an organism’s DNA. The human genome is made up of over 3 billion of these genetic letters. Today, DNA sequencing on a large scale—the scale necessary for ambitious projects such … Read more DMPQ- What do you mean by genome sequencing? What are its application.

It is the difference between energy input units into the system and the units for which the payment is collected.ATC Loss is the actual measure of overall efficiency of the distribution business asit measures both technical as well as commercial losses. ATC Loss(%) = (Energy Input – Energy Realised)X100 The concept of Aggregate Technical & … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on the Aggregate Technical and Commercial losses ( AT & C) and smart meters

Artificial intelligence (AI) is wide-ranging branch of computer science concerned with building smart machines capable of performing tasks that typically require human intelligence. AI is an interdisciplinary science with multiple approaches, but advancements in machine learning and deep learning are creating a paradigm shift in virtually every sector of the tech industry. Digital infrastructure is … Read more DMPQ- Artificial intelligence is the next big thing and can bring transformational changes in Digital Infrastructure. Comment

Axis of evil: Axis of evil, expression used to describe the bellicose tendencies of Iran, North Korea, and Iraq in the early 21st century. The phrase was coined by Canadian-born U.S. presidential speechwriter David Frum and presidential aide Michael Gerson for use by U.S. President George W. Bush in his 2002 State of the Union address. b) Golden crescent: The Golden Crescent is a mountainous area of Iran, … Read more DMPQ-What do you understand by the following term: a) Axis of Evil b) Golden crescent c) Golden triangle

The Bill regulates the processing of personal data of individuals (data principals) by government and private entities (data fiduciaries) incorporated in India and abroad. Processing is allowed if the individual gives consent, or in a medical emergency, or by the State for providing benefits. • The data principal has several rights with respect to their … Read more DMPQ-Salient features of data protection bill 2019.

Salient features of the National Medical Commission Act, 2019 are as follows: The act sets up the National Medical Commission (NMC).  Within three years of the passage of the Bill, state governments will establish State Medical Councils at the state level.  The NMC will consist of 25 members, appointed by the central government. Functions of the … Read more DMPQ-Write down the salient features of National medical commission Act, 2019.

Goal-line technology is a technical means of instantly determining whether the whole of the ball has crossed the goal line. Camera-based: Several approved systems work with cameras that detect the ball and use software to evaluate the footage from all the cameras. In this way, the system can determine whether the whole of the ball … Read more DMPQ-Explain the science behind the goal line technology.

Hot Spot is an image sensing system which makes use of infra-red cameras to find out if the batsman has nicked the ball. This technology was first introduced in cricket by a Melbourne based company, BBG Sports. Although two infrared cameras are enough, generally four infrared cameras are used to record the game continuously. The … Read more DMPQ-Explain the concept behind the working hot spot technology.

A dialysis machine tries to mimic some of the functions of a human kidney. One of the primary jobs of a kidney is to remove urea and certain salts from the blood so they can exit the body in urine. In a dialysis machine, blood from the patient runs through tubes made of a semi-porous … Read more DMPQ-Explain the functioning behind the working of dialysis machine.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think like humans and mimic their actions. The term may also be applied to any machine that exhibits traits associated with a human mind such as learning and problem-solving. The ideal characteristic of artificial intelligence is its ability … Read more DMPQ- What do you understand by the term Artificial Intelligence and Internet of Things?

e-Cigarettes are battery powered devices that work by heating a liquid into an aerosol that the user inhales and exhales.  The e-cigarette liquid typically contains nicotine, propylene glycol, glycerin, flavorings, and other chemicals.   Why Blanket ban: e-Cigarettes usually contain nicotine which makes product addictive. e-Cigarettes cause health hazards for youth, young adults, and pregnant women. … Read more DMPQ- What are e cigarette? Why government recently put a blanket ban on e cigarettes?

  Mapping of lunar surface: Extensive mapping of lunar surface to study variation in lunar surface compositions is essential to trace back the origin and evolution of moon. Soft landing: The project will attempt to soft land the lader -vikram abd rover Oragyan in a high plain between two craters. Quest for water: Evidence for … Read more DMPQ-What were the scientific objectives of Chandrayan-2?

Public health is an important aspect of an country. Affordable and accessible Quality health care ensures creation of quality of human capital. It also reduces out of the pocket expenditure on health which can be utilised by Individual for other productive activity like education, wealth creation. Since Independence, India has done well to deal and … Read more DMPQ-Status of Public health is an important aspect for a country. In the light of the statement, comment on the status of Public Health.

A Light Emitting Diode (LED) is one of the latest inventions and is extensively used these days. From your cell phone to the large advertising display boards, the wide range of applications of these magical light bulbs can be witnessed almost everywhere. Today their popularity and applications are increasing rapidly due to some remarkable properties … Read more DMPQ- What is LED? Why its popularity increasing?

Gene mapping is the sequential allocation of loci to a relative position on a chromosome. Genetic maps are species-specific and comprised of genomic markers and/or genes and the genetic distance between each marker. These distances are calculated based on the frequency of chromosome crossovers occurring during meiosis, and not on their physical location on the chromosome. There are … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on gene mapping.

DNA is made up of molecules called nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar group and a nitrogen base. The four types of nitrogen bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G) and cytosine (C). The order of these bases is what determines DNA’s instructions, or genetic code. Human DNA has around 3 … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on the DNA structure.

Certain basic nutrients are required to maintain good health. The energy yielding nutrients are proteins, carbohydrates and fats. Dietary fibbers, vitamins and minerals such as calcium, iron, chloride, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium and sodium are other essential supplements. Apart from these, certain micronutrients such as chromium, copper, fluoride, iodine, manganese, molybdenum, selenium, sulpur, zinc and so … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on the nutritional disorder.

The Indian Science Congress Association (ISCA) owes its origin to the foresight and initiative of two British Chemists, namely, Professor J. L. Simonsen and Professor P.S. MacMahon. It occurred to them that scientific research in India might be stimulated if an annual meeting of research workers somewhat on the lines of the British Association for … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on the Indian Science congress association.

DRDO is the R&D wing of Ministry of Defence, Govt of India, with a vision to empower India with cutting-edge defence technologies and a mission to achieve self-reliance in critical defence technologies and systems, while equipping our armed forces with state-of-the-art weapon systems and equipment in accordance with requirements laid down by the three Services. … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on DRDO? Enumerate its achievements.

Dry cell batteries create electrical energy by converting chemical energy into electricity. The exact means of doing so depends on the type of dry cell battery in question, but the materials that are used are generally zinc and carbon or zinc and manganese dioxide. These materials are placed within the electrolyte paste within the battery. … Read more DMPQ- Explain the functioning of Dry cell.

Fiber optics, or optical fibers, are long, thin strands of carefully drawn glass about the diameter of a human hair. These strands are arranged in bundles called optical cables. We rely on them to transmit light signals over long distances. At the transmitting source, the light signals are encoded with data… the same data you see … Read more DMPQ- What is Optical fibre technology? How do optical fibre works?

The circulatory system consists of three independent systems that work together: the heart (cardiovascular), lungs (pulmonary), and arteries, veins, coronary and portal vessels (systemic). The system is responsible for the flow of blood, nutrients, oxygen and other gases, and as well as hormones to and from cells. An average adult has 5 to 6 quarts … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on the circulatory system.

The basis of ABO grouping is of two antigens- Antigen A and Antigen B. The ABO grouping system is classified into four types based on the presence or absence of antigens on red blood cells surface and plasma antibodies. Group A – contains antigen A and antibody B. Group B –contains antigen B and antibody A. Group … Read more DMPQ- ABO Blood group system.

Microwave ovens are so quick and efficient because they channel heat energy directly to the molecules (tiny particles) inside food. Microwaves heat food like the sun heats your face—by radiation. A microwave is much like the electromagnetic waves that zap through the air from TV and radio transmitters. It’s an invisible up-and-down pattern of electricity and magnetism that races through the air at the speed of light (300,000 … Read more DMPQ- Explain the functioning of microwave.

India’s latest communication satellite GSAT-30 was successfully launched from the Spaceport in French Guiana. With a lift-off mass of 3357 kg, GSAT-30 will provide continuity to operational services on some of the in-orbit satellites. GSAT-30 derives its heritage from ISRO’s earlier INSAT/GSAT satellite series and will replace INSAT-4A in orbit. GSAT-30 has a unique configuration … Read more DMPQ- Comment on the utility of recently launched satellite GSAT-30.

Chronic NCDs comprise diabetes, high and low blood pressure, cancer, chronic respiratory problems, mental disorders and cardiovascular diseases. Malnutrition and infection at early age prevalent in poor are important triggers for NCDs. Low literacy and inadequate information among people are the main cause for non- awareness about these chronic diseases. Status of burden of Non … Read more DMPQ-. A recent UN report has highlighted that Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) can cost the Indian economy a whopping Rs. 6.2 trillion during the 2012-2030 period. Discuss the present status of burden of Non-communicable diseases in India. Also, suggest some measures to control the incidence of such diseases and highlight some government’s initiatives in this regard?

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), also known as chronic diseases, tend to be of long duration and are the result of a combination of genetic, physiological, environmental and behaviours factors. The main types of NCDs are cardiovascular diseases (like heart attacks and stroke), cancers, chronic respiratory diseases (such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma) and diabetes. … Read more DMPQ: India is becoming a hub for non communicable diseases? Suggest the way to deal with the menace of non communicable disease.