One Point Solution for JPSC Preparation
Merger: It is a process wherein two or more companies are combined together to form either a new company or an existing company absorbing the other target companies. Amalgamation: It is a process wherein two or more companies combine to form an entirely new company. Acquisition: It is a process wherein one company purchases most … Read more
: Government budget is the annual financial statement presented by the finance minister which contains the following figure: Actual estimate for FY 2017-18 Budget estimate for FY 2018-19 and Revised estimate for FY 2018-19 Budget estimate for FY 2019-2020 The budget is divide into two parts: Revenue budget Capital budget
Oraon Tana bhagat Movement (1914-1919) a tribal uprising of a section of the Oraons under the leadership of Jatra Oraon, a twenty-five year old youth of Gumla, Ranchi, occurring during the late colonial period in the Chhotanagpur region. In April 1914 Jatra proclaimed that he had received a message from Dharmesh, the supreme god of … Read more
NHRC is a statutory body set up in 1993 by an act of the parliament. The commission is the watchdog of human rights in the country, that is, the rights relating to life, liberty, equality and dignity of the individual guaranteed by the constitution or embodied in the international covenants and enforceable by the courts … Read more
The Generalized System of Preferences (GSP) is a U.S. trade program designed to promote economic growth in the developing world by providing preferential duty-free entry for up to 4,800 products from 129 designated beneficiary countries and territories. GSP was instituted on January 1, 1976, by the Trade Act of 1974. Under the GSP program, certain products can enter the … Read more
The Champaran Satyagraha was the combination of an elements of extra-constitutional struggle as well as the employment of moral force against an adversary, an exemplar of the rule of law; and the use of compromise as a gambit. It marked as the first India’s Civil Disobedience movement launched by Mahatma Gandhi to protest against the … Read more
The earlier Green Revolution was centred on wheat and now what is required is a comprehensive revolution, which covers the entire agriculture sector known as Rainbow Revolution and it essentially means the following: Agricultural activities to change from subsistence and livelihood activities to as a commercial venture with focus on productivity and profitability. Crop diversification, … Read more
Various investment models which have emerged in recent times especially in post-reforms and also from experiences of emerging marker economies (EMEs). These models are not alternates to each other but are only variants of investment models. The policy support will require well-drafted ‘futuristic policies’ in different areas especially in the areas of ‘pricing and tax … Read more
Land reforms: Distribute ceiling-surplus and waste lands; Prevent diversion of prime agricultural land and forest to corporate sector for non-agricultural purposes. Ensure grazing rights and seasonal access to forests to tribals and pastoralists, and access to common property resources. Establish a National Land Use Advisory Service, which would have the capacity to link land use … Read more
Original jurisdiction means a lis or a matter where Supreme Court is the first court to be approached. Under Article 131 Supreme Court has original jurisdiction only in respect of disputes which involve Central and State Govt or two State Govt.. It can be in three forms. Union of India v. State, Union of India … Read more
Following are the major amendments done in the NHRC: Under the Act, the chairperson of the NHRC is a person who has been a Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. The Act amends this to provide that a person who has been Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, or a Judge of the Supreme Court … Read more
Disease is a condition that impairs the proper functioning of the body or its parts. A disease can be defined as: Any deviation from normal functioning or state of complete physical and mental well being. Types of diseases: The human diseases are broadly classified into following four categories: Acute diseases Chronic diseases Congenital diseases Acquired … Read more
· Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana (PMMY) Launched: 8April2015 Main Objective: Financial support for growth of micro enterprises sector. Pradhan Mantri MUDRA (Micro Units Development and Refinance Agency) Yojana was launched with the purpose to provide funding to the non-corporate small business sector. Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY) is open and is available from all Bank branches … Read more
It is argued that the appointment of the Governor by the President of India cuts short the autonomy of the states and goes against the principle of ‘state autonomy’ thereby weakening federalism. The procedure of appointment and the removal of the Governor, also make theCentre strong because his term of office is not secure and … Read more
? It shall be the duty of the Food Authority to regulate and monitor the manufacture, processing, distribution, sale and import of food so as to ensure safe and wholesome food. ? Without prejudice to the provisions of sub-section (1),the Food Authority may by regulations specify 1. The standards and guidelines in relation to articles … Read more
: At the national level the Act was enacted on September 20, 1994. This act came into force in the year 1996. It was amended in 2003 to improve regulation of technology capable of sex selection. The main purpose of enacting the PC & PNDT(prohibition of Sex Selection) Act, 1994 has been to: o Ban … Read more
Properties of paints ? Exterior paint is exposed to all types of varying weather conditions. Exterior paint is therefore required to provide protection against UV radiation of the sun as well as fungal growth. ? It’s made to combat mildew as well as fading. In addition, they have to be fade resistant as they face … Read more
As per Articles 107 and 108 of the Indian Constitution, an ordinary bill is concerned with any matter other than financial subjects. An ordinary bill is introduced in either House of the Parliament. This bill is introduced by Minister or a Private member. There is no recommendation of President in case of ordinary bill. Ordinary … Read more
Proto-historic period is the age nearest to the historical period. In so far as India is concerned the civilisation of the Vedic period is the proto-historic period. The hymns composed by the Vedic priests had perfected a poetic technique. These hymns were praise of their gods and were sung at sacrifices. These were not reduced … Read more
There are two basic pillars of the argument against planning commission – first, the institution is not a fit in the liberalized environment where market calls the shots and second, it has long played a role of distorting the true federal nature of Indian polity. Planning Commission is more than 60 years old – modeled … Read more
In 1580, Akbar instituted a new system called the dahsala developed by Raja Todarmal; under this system, the average produce of different crops along with the average prices prevailing over the last ten (dah) years were calculated. However, the state demand was stated in cash. This was done by converting the state share into money … Read more
Infrastructure is the term for the basic physical systems of a business or nation. Transportation, communication, sewage, water, and electric systems are all examples of infrastructure. These systems tend to be high-cost investments and are vital to a country’s economic development and prosperity. Grant of infrastructure status enables the industry to raise money from insurance … Read more
The scenario of parliament disruptions have increased in the last decade which made the sessions highly unproductive and lead to decline in the creditability of the parliament. Consequence. Wastage of resources and tax payer’s money. Decline in the accountability and creditability. Stalling of critical bills. Passing of bill in haste without undergoing due perusal and … Read more
Biotech-KISAN scheme is a farmer centric scheme for farmers, developed by and with farmers. It is a Pan-India program, following a hub-and spoke model and stimulates entrepreneurship and innovation in farmers and empowers women. The Biotech- KISAN Hubs are expected to fulfil the technology requirement to generate agriculture and bio-resource related jobs and better livelihood … Read more
It was the first step taken by the British Government to control and regulate the affairs of the EIC in India. First time, British government recognized the political and administrative functions of the EIC. British government laid the foundations of central administration in India. The Act designated the Governor of Bengal as the ‘Governor-General of … Read more
1) Green mobility refers to all those mobility options that emit lower emissions – in terms of CO2 gm/ Km than pure Internal combustion engine- through the use of alternate fuels, driven -train technologies or other measures. Eg. Bio fuel and methanol based mobility, CNG based mobility, Electric and Hybrid Mobility, hydrogen energy and fuel … Read more
The Sargasso Sea, located entirely within the Atlantic Ocean, is the only sea without a land boundary. The Sargasso Sea is a vast patch of ocean named for a genus of free-floating seaweed called Sargassum. While there are many different types of algae found floating in the ocean all around world, the Sargasso Sea is … Read more
Shale gas refers to natural gas that is trapped within shale formations. Shales are fine-grained sedimentary rocks that can be rich sources of petroleum and natural gas. Over the past decade, the combination of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing has allowed access to large volumes of shale gas that were previously uneconomical to produce. Typical components of oil shale gas are usually methane, … Read more
In the annals of history of India, there were so many empires with large administration such as Mauryans, Guptas, etc. Unlike them Cholas had a well-organized administration with an element of self-government at local level which can be seen reminiscent of current local self-administration. The most important feature of the Chola administration was the local … Read more
Cell structure and its functions Cell is the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism, which is typically microscopic and consists of cytoplasm and a nucleus enclosed in a membrane. Structure of cell The cell is a basic unit for life forms. As well as enabling sophisticated control of biochemical processes by providing compartments … Read more
Project ‘Mausam’ is the initiative of Ministry of Culture to be implemented by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) as the nodal agency with research support of the Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts (IGNCA) and National Museum as associate bodies. This project aims to explore the multi-faceted Indian Ocean ‘world’–collating archaeological and historical … Read more
(a)Male and Female reproductive organ: The male reproductive organs include a pair of testes (singular, testis), two sperm ducts and a penis. The testes produce the male gametes called sperms. The female reproductive organs are a pair of ovaries, oviducts (fallopian tubes) and the uterus. Ovary produces female gametes called ova (eggs). (b)Asexual production: It is a … Read more
P2P lending is the popular type of crowd funding, whereby an internet platform collects small amounts of funds from individuals in a crowd to finance collectively a larger loan to individuals or businesses. Websites that facilitate peer-to-peer lending have greatly increased its adoption as an alternative method of financing.P2P lending is also known as social … Read more
Bhakti movement also provided an impetus to the growth of other regional languages such as Telugu and Kannada in the south Mahabharata was translated into Telugu by Nannaya in the 11th century AD. This was considered as the beginning of literary work in Telugu. The kirtans written by the poet-saint Annamacharya on Lord Vishnu led … Read more
Untouchability is prevalent in our society since ages. It is a product of the caste based society. Untouchability is prohibited and practicing untouchability is prohibited under article 18 of the constitution. Evenafter strong laws untouchability is still rampant. Inter-caste marriage is still below 5% which indicates non mingling of dominant caste and Dalits. New form … Read more
India ‘s criminal justice system is facing some serious issues. Its lethargic performance and sometimes non action has eroded the trust among the people of the country. Weak criminal justice system ultimately fails democracy by not providing the rule of law. The Criminal justice system need reforms in all three components i.e. Law enforcement, adjudication … Read more
On December 13, 1946, Jawaharlal Nehru moved the historic ‘Objectives Resolution’ in the Assembly. It laid down the fundamentals and philosophy of the constitutional structure. It read: “This Constituent Assembly declares its firm and solemn resolve to proclaim India as an Independent Sovereign Republic and to draw up for her future governance a Constitution Wherein … Read more
Appointment of Chief Justice From 1950 to 1973, the practice has been to appoint the seniormost judge of the Supreme Court as the chief justice of India. This established convention was violated in 1973 when A N Ray was appointed as the Chief Justice of India by superseding three senior judges. Again in 1977, M … Read more
The parliamentary control over government and administration in India is more theoretical than practical. In reality, the control is not as effective as it ought to be. The following factors are responsible for this: (a) The Parliament has neither time nor expertise to control the administration which has grown in volume as well as complexity. … Read more
In Hinduism, everybody is born with certain social debts which must repaid during lifetime and usually in Grihastha Stage. It is a kind of social debt. The relevance of Rina tradition lies in the fact that if Rina are paid according to Dharma one is eligible for moksha. There are following types of Rina are … Read more
Inflation is the sustained increase in the general price of goods and services and hence it reduces the purchasing power of Rupee. But some mild inflation is good for an economy as it help to grease the wheels of the commerce. There are various ways to control Inflation: Fiscal ways: Reduction in … Read more
The last decade of 19th century and the early years of the 20th century saw the rise of the group of young nationalists who were increasingly getting critical to the methods and ideology of early nationalists. Reasons for the emergence Discovering true nature of British policies: The early nationalists, journalists and writers through their writings … Read more
Most important sorts of ocean deposits are: Terrigenous Deposits Body of water Deposits. There are loose sediments, deposited on the ocean bottom. These are ocean deposits. They vary from location to location. The study of ocean deposits is vital in beneath standing the rocks exposed on the earth’s surface that were once set under ocean. … Read more
The viceroy, Lord Minto, and the Secretary of State for India, John Morley, agreed that some reforms were due so as to placate the Moderates as well as the Muslims. They worked out a set of measures that came to be known as the Morley- Minto (or Minto-Morley) Reforms that translated into the Indian Councils … Read more
Zero-Based Budgeting – ZBB This is a method of budgeting in which all expenses must be justified for each financial year. The process of this budgeting starts from a “zero base,” on every financial year. Every function within the ministry or department is analyzed for its needs and costs. Budget allocations are then made according … Read more
. Aryabhatta was a fifth century mathematician, astronomer, astrologer and physicist. He was a pioneer in the field of mathematics. At the age of 23, he wrote Aryabhattiya, which is a summary of mathematics of his time. There are four sections in this scholarly work. In the first section he describes the method of denoting … Read more
Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) is a safe motherhood intervention under the National Health Mission (NHM). The Yojana was launched on 12th April 2005. It is being implemented in all states and UTs. It is a 100 % centrally sponsored scheme and it integrates cash assistance with delivery and post-delivery care. Objectives: It was Launched for reducing maternal and neonatal mortality, to promote institutional … Read more
According to ICAR Indian soils are classified as:- Alluvial soils:-Alluvial soils are formed mainly due to silt deposited by Indo Gangetic Brahmaputra rivers. In coastal regions some alluvial deposits are formed due to wave action. Black soils:-The black soils are found mainly on the Deccan lava region covering large parts of Maharashtra, some parts of … Read more
An important feature of the constitution is the Directive Principles of State Policy. Although the Directive Principles are asserted to be “fundamental in the governance of the country,” they are not legally enforceable. Instead, they are guidelines for creating a social order characterized by social, economic, and political justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity as enunciated … Read more
EQ is very important and the techniques to improve EQ are as follows: Sensitivity Training: Helps the person to known his limitations and how his limitations affect his interpersonal ties. Improve inter personal competence and social competence. Role Playing: Helps us understand challenges associated with other roles better. Harness and express his creativity. Helps in … Read more