One Point Solution for JPSC Preparation
The government had taken the adamant position that no constitutional advance could be made till the Congress came to an agreement with the Muslim leaders. It issued ordinance after ordinance taking away the freedom of speech and that of the press and the right to organise associations. Towards the end of 1940, the Congress once … Read more
While countries around the world have been considering how to implement and measure success against the Goals, NITI Aayog has taken the lead by bringing out the SDG India Index – Baseline Report 2018, and showing how SDGs will be measured in India. NITI Aayog has constructed the SDG India Index spanning across 13 out … Read more
ECI is entrusted with the responsibility of conducting free and fair elections. If democracy is a temple then EC is priest. But conducting elections for such diverse country and frequent elections is not without challenges. The major challenges with the ECI are as follows: Constitutional loopholes: The constitution has not prescribed the qualification of … Read more
India Meteorological Department (IMD) uses temperature data from surface observatories to track heat waves. IMD also uses various numerical weather prediction models to track and predict occurrence and intensity of Heat Waves. The following criteria are used for defining severity of the heat wave: When normal Tmax is less than or equal to 40°C and … Read more
Coal bed methane: Coal Bed Methane (CBM) is an unconventional form of natural gas found in coal deposits or coal seams. CMB is formed during the process of coalification, the transformation of plant material into coal. It is considered a valuable energy resource with reserves and production having grown nearly every year since 1989. Varied … Read more
India’s latest communication satellite GSAT-30 was successfully launched from the Spaceport in French Guiana. With a lift-off mass of 3357 kg, GSAT-30 will provide continuity to operational services on some of the in-orbit satellites. GSAT-30 derives its heritage from ISRO’s earlier INSAT/GSAT satellite series and will replace INSAT-4A in orbit. GSAT-30 has a unique configuration … Read more
PPP is public private partnership where a private entity enters into a contract with a government entity to provide public asset or service in which the private party provides its managerial expertise and operational efficiency. Remuneration in this is linked to performance. PPP model was envisioned for infrastructure sector but now it is present … Read more
Minority Commission: The “Minorities Commission”, aimed to safeguard and protect the interests of the minorities, was set up by the Government of India in January, 1978. This Commission became a statutory body and was renamed as the “National Commission for Minorities” with the enactment of the National Commission for Minorities Act, 1992. Under Section 2(C) … Read more
Surya Sen decided to organise an armed rebellion along with his associates—Anant Singh, Gariesh Ghosh and Lokenath Baul to show that it was possible to challenge the armed might of the mighty British Empire. They had planned to occupy two main armouries in Chittagong to seize and supply arms to the revolutionaries to destroy telephone … Read more
The DMIC project was launched in pursuance of an MOU signed between the Government of India and the Government of Japan in December 2006. DMIC Development Corporation (DMICDC) incorporated in 2008, is the implementing agency for the project. DMICDC has been registered as a company with 49% equity of Government of India, 26% equity of … Read more
Decoupling means Decline in the growth rate of India when world was facing positive growth rate. The Reasons for this decoupling can be attributed to Domestic reasons and the long term effect of balance sheet syndrome. Reasons are: Demonetisation exercise lead to negative growth rate. Problems in new Indirect tax reform GST. Twin balance … Read more
On 8th Nov, 2016 86% of the currency in circulation was declared as not legal tenders. The stated objective of demonetisation was : Reduction of black money Achieving lower cash/ gdp ration An attack on fake currency To stop terror financing Increasing digital transactions Increasing tax net Positive effects of Demonetisation are as … Read more
Din-i-illahi: Din-i-IIahi proclaimed by Akbar was an order or people with a motto of peace with all (sulehkull), rather than as an eclectic religion. Akbar’s Hindu nobles preferred to remain aloof, with only Birbal consenting to become a member. Raja Todar Mal, Raja Bhagwan Das and Raja Man Singh all declined to associate with … Read more
NITI Aayog specialized Wings Research Wing – that will develop in-house sectoral expertise as a dedicated think tank of top domain experts, specialists and scholars. Consultancy Wing – that will provide a marketplace of whetted panels of expertise and funding for Central and State Governments to tap into; matching their requirements with solution providers, public … Read more
The important outcome of the Battle of Buxar was the Treaty of Allahabad signed on 16 August 1765 between Lord Clive and Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II, who had submitted to the British in the battle. As per this treaty: Mughal Emperor granted Fiscal Rights (Diwani)or right to administer the territory and collect taxes to … Read more
The temple building activity further gained momentum during the Vijayanagar rule. The chief characteristics of the Vijayanagara architecture were the construction of tall Raya Gopurams or gateways and the Kalyanamandapam with carved pillars in the temple premises. The sculptures on the pillars were carved with distinctive features. The horse was the most common animal found … Read more
As a federal court, the Supreme Court decides the disputes between different units of the Indian Federation. More elaborately, any dispute between: The Centre and one or more states; or The Centre and any state or states on one side and one or more states on the other; or Between two or more states. In … Read more
The 1931 Poona Pact shaped India’s Dalit political representation, and its implications are felt even in today’s parliamentary elections. At the heart of it lay a fundamental difference in their points of view. While Gandhi saw untouchability as a social issue, Ambedkar understood caste as a political one. The Gandhi Ambedkar conflict was over how … Read more
The most important cause of the downfall of the Mughal Empire was the religious policy of Aurangzeb. The Mughal state in the days of Akbar, Jahangir, and Shahjahan was basically a secular state. Its stability was essentially founded on the policy of non interference with the religious beliefs and customs of the people, fostering of … Read more
Civil Society and Political movement in India India is a civilized country with rich cultural heritage. With the advent of the Britishers, western values entered in this society. There was a conflict between the modernity and age old traditional values. While some blindly followed the modern life of the west, revivalists like Dayananda and … Read more
The Directives have been criticised mainly because of their non-justiciable character. While K T Shah dubbed them as ‘pious superfluities’ and compared them with ‘a cheque on a bank, payable only when the resources of the bank permit. Critics has contended by saying that principles are ‘no better than the new year’s resolutions, which are … Read more
With 140 countries abolishing the death penalty, the death penalty has become archaic in nature. The continuing of death penalty is not in accordance with the modern principles. The major reasons against the death penalty are: There are no empirical evidence which suggest that capital punishment act as a major deterrence. It is impossible to … Read more
The ‘Make in India’ programme is primarily being impelled by the imperative to reduce arms import bills and ‘optimise’ defence expenditure – India’s FY2019 defence budget of USD 71.1 billion was the highest in South Asia and the third-highest in the world, and for the past five years, it has been the world’s second largest … Read more
. In the following matters, the powers and status of the council are unequal to that of the assembly: A Money Bill can be introduced only in the assembly and not in the council. The council cannot amend or reject a money bill. It should return the bill to the assembly within 14 days, either … Read more
. As of now Japan-India trade is a mere 5% of Japan-China trade. Today, India-Japan trade languishes at around $15 billion, a quarter of trade with China while Japan-China trade is around $300 billion. India is the largest recipient of Japanese foreign aid. Japanese have also made record investment in private equity and venture capital … Read more
while a proclamation of emergency is in operation, the parliament can enact laws even on the subjects enumerated under the state list. The legislature of the state are not suspended, but the distribution of the legislative powers between the union and the states is suspended for the duration of the emergency. The parliament is also … Read more
Indian constitution with strong centre but it has federal elements too like dual polity, law making ability is vested separately to centre and states. Dual executives are also there but here are some provisions in the constitution which makes the federation with strong centre: Single Constitution: There are no separate constitutions for the States. In a … Read more
It is restructured name of multi sectoral development Programme. It is under Ministry of Minority affairs. The restructured programme would provide better socio economic infrastructure facilities to the minority communities particularly in the field of education, health & skill development as compared to the present situation, which would further lead to lessening of the gap … Read more
Indus valley is an example of great civilisation flourishing in the pre vedic era. The civilisation marks the zenith in terms of art, architecture and culture. Its magnanimous architecture depicts the vibrant social and culture life. Social life: Cities were divided into two parts. One was citadel (for the nobles) and the other part … Read more
Indian modern nationalism was floating on the foundational values of modernity and the newly reformed socio-religious milieu. The availability of new opportunities , resources, India renaissance and offshoot of modernisation helped to gave new direction to Modern Indian Nationalism. MIN was rooted in the complex economic analysis of the British policies. To understand that setting … Read more
The plains are often termed as the ‘Granary of India’. The soils of the plains are one ofthe most fertile soils of India. They are being devoted to cereal and non – cereal crops. They have rich underground water table. The underground water is utilized with thehelp of wells and tube wells for irrigation, industrial … Read more
The balance between individual liberty and larger social interests has been achieved in the Constitution by putting ‘reasonable restrictions’ on the exercise of this right for certain purposes viz.: ` • In case of freedom of speech and expression, State can impose reasonable restrictions on the grounds of sovereignty and integrity of India, security of … Read more
Named after One of the most prominent religious figures of India during the nineteenth century, Sri Ramakrishna Paramhansa was a mystic and a yogi who translated complex spiritual concepts into lucid and easily intelligible manner. He pursued the Divine throughout his life in various forms and believed in divine embodiment of the Supreme Being in … Read more
BPO Role in India’s Economic Growth has been tremendous, especially in the last few years, when the demand for outsourcing work to India has been significant among western companies. The role played by BPOs in boosting India’s economy shows that the IT and ITeS sector have been contributing largely to the economic growth of India. … Read more
Galvanizing Organic Bio-Agro Resources Dhan (GOBAR-DHAN) scheme was first announced in Budget 2018. The scheme would focus on managing and converting cattle dung and solid waste in farms to compost, biogas and bio-CNG. It wiill help in keeping the village clean while increasing the income of farmers and cattle herders. Under it, villagers will be … Read more
DRDO has played a stellar role since its inception in 1958. Having established a sound ecosystem and supported by a large pool of committed manpower, we have today a proven competence to produce strategic and state-of-the-art tactical military hardware and related technologies, in diverse disciplines covering Aeronautics, Missiles, Naval Systems, Armament & Combat Engineering, Electronics, … Read more
To optimize resource utilization and enhance the efficiency of the manufacturing sector, the Department of Industrial Policy & Promotion (DIPP), Ministry of Commerce & Industry launched the Industrial Information System (IIS) in 2017. It is a GIS-enabled database of industrial areas and clusters across the country. The portal serves as a one-stop solution to the … Read more
In the 60s and 70s, developed nations like the US, UK, Germany, France and Japan were racing ahead by developing newer technologies and consumer products that were change lifestyles leading to a shift from conservative to indulgent energy consumption. Everything seemed fine until leading oil producing nations, grouped under OPEC and led by the largest … Read more
Affordable rental housing scheme for urban poor including migrants was launched under the aegis of Pradhan mantri awas Yojana. Under this development, government-funded housing in urban areas/cities will be converted into Affordable Rental Housing Complexes (ARHCs). This will be through the public-private partnership (PPP) model. Government housing complexes lying vacant will be converted so that … Read more
Digital Locker is one of the key initiatives under the Digital India Programme- External website that opens in a new window. A beta version of the same has been already released by the Department of Electronics and Information Technology (DeitY), Govt. of India. Digital Locker is aimed at minimizing the usage of physical documents and enable sharing of e-documents across agencies. … Read more
AWACS (Airborne Warning And Control System) a mobile, long-range radar surveillance and control centre for air defense. The system, as developed by the U.S. Air Force, is mounted in a specially modified Boeing 707 aircraft. Its main radar antenna is mounted on a turntable housed in a circular rotodome 9 m (30 feet) in diameter, … Read more
Since auditing is a task of impartial evaluation of the performance of governmental functions, it requires autonomy for the CAG. Constitution has thereby secured independence via following provisions: He is appointed by the President by a warrant under his hand and seal and his oath of office requires him to uphold the Constitution of India … Read more
India stood 149th in a 2019 list of 193 countries ranked by the percentage of elected women representatives in their national parliaments. In more than six decades till 2014, as women’s share in India’s population remained at 48.5%, the share of women MPs increased eight percentage points to 12.6% between the first (1952) and the … Read more
Commission consists of Commissioner and not more than two Vigilance commissioner. They are pointed by the president on recommendation of a committee of Prime Minister, Home minister and leader of opposition lok sabha. They occupy post till age of 65 yrs or 4 yr term. Functions of CVC are: To inquire or cause an inquiry … Read more
Indian economy still is agro based economy and Indian society still remains agrarian society. Contribution of agriculture in GDP has declined but its importance and significance has not declined. But some fundamental challenges are faced by Indian agriculture. Indian agriculture still remains the gamble of Indian Monsoon. Only 48% of the land has assured irrigation. … Read more
Operation Twist is a move in which a central bank decides to simultaneously buy long-dated securities while selling short-term securities. This is the first time RBI has undertaken such an unconventional policy measure with the aim of flattening the yield curve by lowering longer-term rates to boost lending and growth. Operation Twist normally leads to … Read more
The ‘Alipore Bomb Case’ was “the first state trial of any magnitude in India”. The British Government arrested Sri Aurobindo, a prominent Nationalist Leader at the time, Barindra Ghose, and many young revolutionaries. They were charged with “Conspiracy” or “waging war against the King” – the equivalent of high treason and punishable with death by … Read more
NITI Aayog has created the India Knowledge Hub (IKH), a dynamic web portal, functioning as a repository to store and disseminate best practices from across the country. Reflecting the spirit of cooperative federalism, the NITI Aayog launched the India Knowledge Hub so that districts, States, Central ministries and other government institutions can exchange knowledge on … Read more
Answer. Ideas of Marx and Socialist thinkers inspired many groups to come into existence as socialists and communists. These ideas also resulted in the rise of a left wing within the Congress, represented by Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhash Chandra Bose. These young nationalists, inspired by the Soviet Revolution and dissatisfied with Gandhian ideas and political … Read more
Suggestions are: Make roster system ( allocation of cases) more consultative Do away with collegium system Bring Judiciary under the scope of RTI Genuine Procedural changes to discourage the prioritisation of few high profile cases Fixation of timelines for submission by litigants Registration of petition online Uploading of signed copies of judgements at all level( … Read more