History

Wajid Ali Shah, the eldest son of Amjad Ali Shah, became the king of Awadh in 1847. Wajid Ali Shah was himself a great theatre genius and had set up a Pari Khana for training artists. He was also a great patron of artists, singers and musicians. He lived in an atmosphere of gaiety and … Read more DMPQ- Critically evaluate the rule of Nawab Wajid Ali Shah -The last nawab of Awadh.

Mikhail Gorbachev’s reformist policies in the Soviet Union merely served to encourage opposition movements to the Communist regimes in the Soviet bloc countries. Demonstrations became more frequent. Governments were forced to accept measures, recommended, moreover, by Gorbachev, towards liberalisation. However, these measures were not deemed to be sufficient. Hopes of freedom, long suppressed by the … Read more DMPQ- . Why and how did communism collapse in Eastern Europe?

. The Indians in South Africa consisted of three categories—one, the indentured Indian labour, mainly from south India, who had migrated to South Africa after 1890 to work on sugar plantations; two, the merchants—mostly Meman Muslims who had followed the labourers; and three, the ex-indentured labourers who had settled down with their children in South … Read more DMPQ- . Discuss the Gandhi’s struggle in South Africa for the rights of Indian workers.

The era of advent of EIC coincided with the era of Modernisation.  This modern period brought some changes in our social, religious milieu. The movements tried to brought modern elements and tried to give new shape to our social structure. The features of social reform movement are as follows: These movements were characterised by rationalism … Read more DMPQ: Social reform movements played their role in making of modern India. Discuss the features of Social reform movement.

Enlightenment was based on rationalism i.e. logical reasoning based on facts. Cosmology, new world view based Newtonian physics and analysis of natural phenomena as system, secularism application of scientific theories to religion and security. Scientific method based on experimentation, observation and hypothesis. Utilitarianism, laws created for the common good and not for special interests, optimism … Read more DMPQ- Explain the major ideas of enlightenment movement in Europe.

The Hunas’ invasion in India had far reaching effects and significance in Indian History, as mentioned below: First of all, the Hunas had destroyed the dominance of the Gupta Empire in India and on their feudatories. Small kingdoms began to grow and prosper on the ruins of the Gupta Empire. The trade connections between the … Read more DMPQ- Mention the significance of the Huna invasions in the Indian History.

Gandhi returned to India in January 1915. His efforts in South Africa were well known not only among the educated but also among the masses. Gandhi was requested by Rajkumar Shukla, a local man, to look into the problems of the farmers in context of indigo planters of Champaran in Bihar. The European planters had … Read more DMPQ- Champaran satyagrah was the first movement which showed the first glimpse of Gandhian way of protest. Elucidate.

The major demands can be put under following head and are as follows: Constitutional Opportunity for participation in the government was one of the major demands of the Indian National Congress. It demanded Indian representation in the government. Economic High land revenue was one of the major factors that contributed to the oppression of the … Read more DMPQ- What were the major demand of the Indian National Congress during Moderate dominant era?

Nasik conspiracy case:   On 21st of December, 1909 , A M T (Arthur Mason Tippets) Jackson the magistrate at Nasik was enjoying a theatre where a drama was staged in his honour on the evening of his transfer. A young man of Abhinav Bharat Society named Ananat Laxman Kanhere shot this indologist and “pandit” … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on : • Nasik conspiracy case • Alipore conspiracy case

? The Upanishadic Ideal of service is based on the concepts of Truth, Dharma and Yajna. Without comprehending these three concepts we cannot understand what we have come to recognise as service today – the most appealing and popular component of modern religions. Discovering the Satyam ? Thousands of years ago, when humanity was still … Read more DMPQ- Through light on the Upanishads Ideal of service .

The technological history of the Middle Ages was one of slow but substantial development. In the succeeding period the tempo of change increased markedly and was associated with profound social, political, religious, and intellectual upheavals in western Europe. The emergence of the nation-state, the cleavage of the Christian church by the Protestant Reformation, the Renaissance … Read more DMPQ- How did scientific innovations help the cause of European colonialism.

Ellora Caves It one of the largest rock-hewn monastic-temple complexes in the entire world. There are 34 caves, structures are excavated out of the vertical face of the hills. Cave Architecture – Out of these, there are 12 Mahayana Buddhist caves (caves 1-12), 17 Hindu caves (caves 13-29) and 5 caves of the Jain faith … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on Ellora caves.

On 5 May 1789, Louis XVI called together an assembly of the Estates General to pass proposals for new taxes. A resplendent hall in Versailles was prepared to host the delegates. The first and second estates sent 300 representatives each, who were seated in rows facing each other on two sides, while the 600 members … Read more DMPQ- . Trace the sequence of events during French revolution.

In simple terms, the doctrine stated that the adopted son could be the heir to his foster father’s private property, but not the state; it was for the paramount power (the British) to decide whether to bestow the state on the adopted son or to annex it. The doctrine was stated to be based on … Read more DMPQ- How did ‘doctrine of lapse’ play an important role in the expansion of British empire ?

The Gupta Empire was an ancient Indian empire existing from the midto- late 3rd century CE to 543 CE. Brahmagupta (born c. 598 CE, died c. 668 CE) was an Indian mathematician and astronomer. He is the author of two early works on mathematics and astronomy: the Br?hmasphu?asiddh?nta, a theoretical treatise, and the Kha??akh?dyaka Brahmagupta … Read more DMPQ- Comment on the contribution of Brahamgupta in the field of Science and Technology

It was not just the fact that they built magnificent temples or made exquisite idols, the Cholas also came up with an excellent system of governance and administration.  While it was a monarchy, like most other kingdoms of that era, there was a serious attempt to decentralize, and provide self government right at the local … Read more DMPQ: Explain the administrative structure of Chola’s.

. The literal meaning of Kalamkari is a painting done by kalam (pen). This art got enriched as it came down from one generation to another. These paintings are made in Andhra Pradesh. It is hand painted as well as block printing with vegetable dyes applied on cloth. Vegetable dyes are used for colour in … Read more DMPQ- Discuss the important features of Kalamkari painting.

The Irwin Declaration was a statement made by Lord Irwin, then Viceroy of India, on 31 October 1929 regarding the status of India in the British empire. It was intended to placate leaders of the Indian nationalist movement who had become increasingly vocal in demanding dominion status for India. The Declaration was a five-line statement … Read more DMPQ- What was the motive behind Irwin declaration?

. Italian Fascism is the original fascist ideology as developed in Italy. The ideology is associated with the Fascist Revolutionary Party (PFR), founded in 1915; the succeeding National Fascist Party (PNF) in 1921, which under Benito Mussolini ruled the Kingdom of Italy from 1922 until 1943. The first meeting of the Fasci of Revolutionary Action … Read more DMPQ- . Discuss the emergence of fascism in Italy.

Ibadatkhana: The IbadatKhana or House of Worship was a prayer or a meeting room built by Akbar at his palace in Fatehpur Sikri. Originally he intended the place to be only for Sunni Muslims to gather and discuss various issues. However, when petty differences between other religious sects and followers got out of control he … Read more DMPQ:Describe the following terms: a) IbadatKhana b) Mansabdari c) Iqta

The moderate political activity involved constitutional agitation within the confines of law and showed a slow but orderly political progress. The Moderates believed that the British basically wanted to be just to the Indians but were not aware of the real conditions. Therefore, if public opinion could be created in the country and public demands … Read more DMPQ- . Comment on the approach of congress leaders during it’s moderate phase.

People belonging to the Chalcolithic age domesticated animals and practised agriculture. They produced not only wheat and rice, but also cultivated bajra and pulses. All these cereals have been found at Navdatoli situated on the bank of the Narmada in Maharashtra. People in the eastern regions lived on fish and rice as fish hooks have … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on chalcolithic age.

Reformation and counter reformation had long lasting impact on the socio-political- economic mileu. It also is a start of the beginning of modern age. The major effects of reformation and Counter reformation are as follows: The religious division of Europe into a number of hostile camps was one of the effect of reformation. This resulted … Read more DMPQ: What were the effect of Reformation and Counter Reformation?

The Charter Act of 1813 passed by the British Parliament renewed the East India Company’s charter for another 20 years. This is also called the East India Company Act, 1813. This act is important in that it defined for the first time the constitutional position of British Indian territories.   Provisions: Company’s rule and trade … Read more DMPQ: Give an outline on the provisions of charter act of 1813. (history)

He was a true liberal of Gladstonian Era with a strong belief in the virtues of peace, laissez faire, and self government. He took some steps towards liberalizing the administration in India. His aim was to give popular and political education to the Indians. He formulated the local self government and laid the foundations of … Read more DMPQ- Lord Ripon was liberal in his attitude and made some remarkable changes in the administrative system of India. Comment

The Lucknow session of the Indian National Congress, presided over by a Moderate, Ambika Charan Majumdar, finally readmitted the Extremists led by Tilak to the Congress fold. Various factors facilitated this reunion: Old controversies had become meaningless now. Both the Moderates and the Extremists realised that the split had led to political inactivity. Annie Besant … Read more DMPQ- . Comment on the significance of Lucknow session of Indian national congress in the Indian freedom movement.

Iqta system It was a unique type of land distribution and administrative system evolved during the Delh Sultanate. Under the system, the whole empire was divided into several large and small tracts of land, called the iqtas, which were assigned to nobles, officers and soldiers for the purpose of administration and revenue collection. The iqtas … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on the Iqta system.

The partition of India had been the real instance of peoples` demand through their representatives. The initial demand for a separate state was made by an eminent writer and philosopher Allama Iqbal who raised his voice for a separate electorate for the less represented group of Muslim Communities. With the passage of time this claim … Read more DMPQ- Elucidate the Origin of Partition of India.

Socialism also had a revolutionary side. One such important organization was Hindustan socialist republican army (HSRA). Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) was a revolutionary organisation, also known as Hindustan Socialist Republican Army established in 1928 at Feroz Shah Kotla New Delhi by Chandrasekhar Azad, Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and others. Previously it was known as Hindustan … Read more DMPQ- Highlight the role of Revolutionary socialist movement in Independence struggle of India.

Telugu literature blossomed under the Reddy kings. The Reddy kings also patronized Sanskrit. Several of the Reddy kings themselves were distinguished scholars and authors. Kumaragiri Reddy, Kataya Vema Reddy and Pedakomati Vema Reddy were the most outstanding among them. Errapragada (Errana), Srinatha and Potana were the remarkable poets of this period. Errapragada, the last of … Read more DMPQ- Telugu literature blossomed under the Reddy kings. Analyse.

 The importance of Komagata Maru Incident lies in the fact that it created an explosive situation in the Punjab. Komagata Maru was the name of a ship which was carrying 370 passengers, mainly Sikh and Punjabi Muslim would-be immigrants, from Singapore to Vancouver. They were turned back by Canadian authorities after two months of privation … Read more DMPQ- “Komagata Maru Incident and the publication of Ghadar paper were evidences of expension of Indian nationalism outside of the country.” Elucidate.

The accession of Asaf-Ud-Daula, the fourth Nawab, brought a great change in Awadh politics. He moved the court of Awadh from Faizabad to Lucknow in 1775. When the court moved to Lucknow, the kernel of the court, as if, shed its old husk and acquired a new one and the city largely grew in and around … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on Nawab Asaf ud-Daula (1775-1798)

Differences Difference regarding conception Moksha: According to Buddhism, a man attains Moksha when he ends all the desires and can attain it while living in the world. But, according to Jainism, Moksha is freedom from miseries and can be attained only after death. Means of attainment of Moksha: According to Buddhist Sangha is proper for … Read more DMPQ- Jainism and Buddhism originated during same time but they have some differences. Enumerate the difference between them.

Zardozi embroidery is beautiful metal embroidery, which once used to embellish the attire of the Kings and the royals in India. It was also used to adorn walls of the royal tents, scabbards, wall hangings and the paraphernalia of regal elephants and horses. Zardozi embroidery work involves making elaborate designs, using gold and silver threads. … Read more DMPQ- ZARDOZI art

Permanent settlement was the land revenue policy formulated by Sir John Shore and was introduced by Lord Cornwallis in 1793. It covered all together 19% of the total cultivable land under company rule. The following are the terms of the permanent settlement: Zamindars were recognized as owner of the lands. Zamindars were given the rights … Read more DMPQ: What is Permanent settlement? Writ its impacts.( Modern History)

  S.no. Ashokan Pillar Persian pillar 1. Monolithic shaft Made up of number of pieces. 2. Outer shaft of pillar is smooth The outer Persian pillar has grooves 3. Bell is only at the top Bell is both at the top as well as bottom 4. Mauryan pillar were erected by digging them in earth … Read more DMPQ: What is the difference between Mauryan pillar and Persian pillars?

British rule was the era of drain of wealth. It affected all the sector alike. It has an impact on socio-economic-political milieu. Deindustalisation was the one of the serious consequence. The reasons for deindustralisation are as follows: The patronage received by the industries earlier were no longer available. As there was curtailment of demand of … Read more DMPQ: Deindustrialisation was one of the impact of British rule. Give the reasons for deindustrialisation of India?

. The reforms of 1909 afforded no answer to the Indian political problem. Lord Morley made it clear that colonial self-government (as demanded by the Congress) was not suitable for India, and he was against the introduction of parliamentary or responsible government in India. He said, “If it could be said that this chapter of … Read more DMPQ- Evaluate critically the impact of Morley-Minto Reforms of 1909.

  S.no. HM CM 1. Outcome of assimilation of original Indain Music and Persian music Original Traditional Indian Music 2. Popular in North India Popular in south India 3. More of instrumental type More of vocal type 5. Attached great significance to emotional elements. Attached great significance to devotional elements. 6. Performers are generally solo. … Read more DMPQ: Differentiate between  Hindustani and Carnatic Music. ( art)

Company’s Struggle for Equality with Indian States from a Position of Subordination (1740-1765):   Starting with Anglo-French rivalry with the coming of Dupleix in 1751, the East India Company asserted political identity with capture of Arcot (1751). With the Battle of Plassey in 1757, the East India Company acquired political power next only to the … Read more DMPQ- Explain in detail the policy adopted by the Britishers to conquer India.

For Nehru socialism meant greater equality of opportunity, social justice, more equitable distribution of higher incomes generated through the application of modern science and technology to the processes of production, the ending of the acute social and economic disparities generated by feudalism and capitalism, and the application of the scientific approach to the problems of … Read more DMPQ- . “Nehru rejected the capitalist developmental and civilizational perspective and, instead, worked for fundamental transformation of Indian society in a socialist direction.” Elaborate the statement.

Vikramashila was one of the two most important centres of learning in India during the Pala Empire, along with Nalanda. Vikramashila was established by King Dharmapala (783 to 820) in response to a supposed decline in the quality of scholarship at Nalanda. Atisha, the renowned pandita, is sometimes listed as a notable abbot. It was … Read more DMPQ- Evaluate the importance of Vikramshila as an educational hub in Ancient India.

Mahabalipuram or Mamallapuram is a historic city and UNESCO World Heritage site in Tamil Nadu, India. During the reign of the Pallava dynasty, between the 3rd century CE and 7th century CE, it became an important centre of art, architecture and literature. Art & Architectural Masterpieces Cave Temples The Adi Varaha Perumal Cave Temple is … Read more DMPQ: Mahabalipuram Architecture.

The three secrets of the Bhagavad-Gita ? Great scholars of the Bhagavad-Gita say that the scripture fundamentally deals with three primary teachings, which are called the three secrets. ? The first secret is about duty. A person must do his duty according to his nature (swadharmacharana). The second truth is about the hidden Self. ? … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on The three secrets of the Bhagavad-Gita.

Main provisions of August offer are : During the course of the 2nd World War, in order to secure the cooperation of the Indians, the British Government made an announcement on 8 August 1940, which came to be known as the ‘August Offer’, which proposed – Dominion status as the objective for India. Expansion of viceroy’s … Read more DMPQ-What were the provisions of August offer? Why August offer was rejected?

Significance of the movement: It gave a new life to the passive state of freedom struggle after swadeshi movement. Its methodology of organising meetings, seminars, lantern lectures lead to the infusing of Nationalism among masses. It prepared masses for upcoming struggle under the leadership of Gandhi. Gave Organisational strength to the Congress. It forced government … Read more DMPQ- Home rule movement played a pivotal role in the Indian Freedom struggle. Comment

In the 11th century, the term “rajaputra” appeared as a non-hereditary designation for royal officials. Gradually, the Rajputs emerged as a social class comprising people from a variety of ethnic and geographical backgrounds. During the 16th and 17th centuries, the membership of this class became largely hereditary, although new claims to Rajput status continued to … Read more DMPQ: Examine the social structure under the Rajputs

Opium Wars, two armed conflicts in China in the mid-19th century between the forces of Western countries and of the Qing dynasty, which ruled China from 1644 to 1911/12. The first Opium War (1839–42) was fought between China and Britain, and the second Opium War (1856–60), also known as the Arrow War or the Anglo-French … Read more DMPQ- Discuss the causes of Opium wars in China.

It is an all India Non-Governmental Organization founded by Mahatma Gandhi on September 30, 1932, following a large public meeting held in Bombay under the Presidentship of Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya. The meeting was prompted by the epic fast of Gandhiji in Yervada Jail near Poona in protest against the nefarious design of Communal Award, … Read more DMPQ- Explain Harijan Seva sangh