Chipko Movement

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? Chipko Movement Chipko movement, also called Chipko andolan, nonviolent social and ecological movement by rural villagers, particularly women, in India in the 1970s, aimed at protecting trees and forests slated for government-backed logging. The movement originated in the Himalayan region of Uttar Pradesh (later Uttarakhand) in 1973 and quickly spread throughout the Indian … Read more Chipko Movement

Administered Prices

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? ADMINISTERED PRICES INCLUDING MSP AND PROCUREMENT PRICES Historical context The emergence of agricultural Price Policy in India was in the backdrop of food scarcity and price fluctuations provoked by drought, floods and international prices for exports and imports. This policy in general was directed towards ensuring reasonable food prices for consumers by providing … Read more Administered Prices

Pipe And Cistern

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? Pipes and Cistern   Inlet: A pipe connected with a tank or a cistern or a reservoir, that fills it, is known as an inlet.   Outlet: A pipe connected with a tank or cistern or reservoir, emptying it, is known as an outlet.   If a pipe can fill a tank in x hours, … Read more Pipe And Cistern

Water Resources Management

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? Water Resources Management Water Resources in India India accounts for about 2.45 per cent of world’s surface area, 4 per cent of the world’s water resources and about 16 per cent of world’s population. The total water available from precipitation in the country in a year is about 4,000 cubic km. The availability … Read more Water Resources Management

National Law University

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? National Law University National Law University, Delhi (NLUD) is a prestigious law university in India, offering courses at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels. It is situated in Sector-14, Dwarka, New Delhi, India. NLUD is one of the national law schools in India built on the five-year law degree model proposed and implemented by … Read more National Law University

Prejudice And Discrimination

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? Prejudice and Discrimination Prejudice is an unjustified or incorrect attitude (usually negative) towards an individual based solely on the individual’s membership of a social group. For example, a person may hold prejudiced views towards a certain race or gender etc . (e.g. sexist). Discrimination is the behavior or actions, usually negative, towards an … Read more Prejudice And Discrimination

3.16 Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel

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? Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel handled effectively the integration of the princely states with his diplomatic skills and foresightedness. The problem of amalgamating 562 independent states with a democratic self-governing India was difficult and delicate. But it was essential to save India from balkanization, once the Paramountcy of British crown would lapse. … Read more 3.16 Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel

Role Of Foreign Capital

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?                       Role of Foreign Capital and Multinational companies in                         Industrial development of India   The development of any society or country without economic development is a myth. Economic development brings prosperity which in turns is directly proportional to the amount of goods and services produced quantitatively or in broad sense … Read more Role Of Foreign Capital

Lahuji Salve

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? Lahuji Salve Lahuji Raghoji Salve (14 November, 1794 – 17 February 1881), also known as “Aadhyakrantiveer”, “Krantiguru”, Krantiveer Lahuji Vaastad Raghoji Salve, Krantiveer Lahujibuwa Salve, was an activist, thinker, social reformer and revolutionary from Maharashtra. Lahuji is also referred to as Lahujibuwa Mang, since he was from the Dalit Mang community or Adya … Read more Lahuji Salve

Glaciers

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? Glaciers Glaciers are made up of fallen snow that, over many years, compresses into large, thickened ice masses. Glaciers form when snow remains in one location long enough to transform into ice. What makes glaciers unique is their ability to move. Due to sheer mass, glaciers flow like very slow rivers. Some glaciers … Read more Glaciers

Gender Sensitization

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? Gender Sensitization Gender sensitization presides over gender sensitivity, the modification of behavior by raising awareness of gender equality concerns. This can be achieved by conducting various sensitization campaigns, training centres, workshop, programs etc. Sensitization in the domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, is seen as an awareness informed propensity or disposition which aims … Read more Gender Sensitization

Integration Of Princely States

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? Integration of Princely States Under the plan of 3 June, more than 562 princely states were given the option of joining either India or Pakistan, or choosing independence. Indian nationalists and large segments of the public feared that if these states did not accede, most of the people and territory would be fragmented. … Read more Integration Of Princely States

Lodhi Dynasty

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? Lodhi -First Afghan Dynasty All Turks are the rulers of Delhi sultanate, while Lodis who succeeded Sayyids were Afgans from 1451 to 1526. It was the last dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate. They are rulers of Pashtun (Afghan) Ghilzai tribal origin and reigned during the last phase of the Delhi Sultanate. After the … Read more Lodhi Dynasty

Ethical Dilemmas In Government And Private Institutes (1)

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? Ethical dilemmas in government and private institutes The reputation and success of governance depends upon the conduct of public functionaries and what the public believe about their conduct. It is therefore of fundamental importance that public functionaries act justly and fairly to all, not only paying lip service to ethical conduct but also … Read more Ethical Dilemmas In Government And Private Institutes (1)

Indian Industry

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? Indian Industry : An introduction Industry accounts for 26% of GDP and employs 22% of the total workforce. According to the World Bank, India’s industrial manufacturing GDP output in 2015 was 6th largest in the world on current US dollar basis ($559 billion), and 9th largest on inflation-adjusted constant 2005 US dollar basis … Read more Indian Industry

The Mahajanapadas

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?  The literal meaning of Mahajanapadas is great kingdoms. They flourished in the north/north western parts of India before the rise of Buddhism. Aryans have migrated into India long time back and there were regular friction between them and the non aryan tribes concerning, cattle, fodder, land etc. These tribes of Aryans were called as … Read more The Mahajanapadas

Functions Of Management.Organizing (1)

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? FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT – ORGANIZING   Organizing is the process of identification and grouping of activities, assigning duties and delegating authority to the managers, allocating necessary resources and establishing coordination among individuals and department of an organization with a view to attain its objectives.   PROCESS OF ORGANIZING :   The process of … Read more Functions Of Management.Organizing (1)

Food Bio Technology

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? Food bio technology Biotechnology is defined in accordance with the Convention on Biological Diversity, i.e. “any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use” Biotechnology as applied to food processing in most developing countries makes use of microbial inoculants to … Read more Food Bio Technology

Inputs Of Agriculture

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? Inputs of agriculture Seed Seed is technically defined as ripened ovule containing embryo. Another definition says that the seed is a living embryo which is vital and basic input for attaining sustained growth in agricultural production in different agro-climatic conditions. The embryo in the seed remains almost suspended for sometimes and then revives … Read more Inputs Of Agriculture

Indian National Account

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? India’s National Accounts It is emphasised that in view of the essentially de-centralized character of the Indian Statistical System, the continental size of the country with large diversities and federal character of polity, the Indian System of National Accounts to include regional accounts at the State level and below. The term National Accounts … Read more Indian National Account

Labour Welfare Policies

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? Labour welfare: Government policies, Schemes and programmes Objectives of Labour Welfare In the beginning humanitarianism and social awareness motivated labour welfare activities. Driven by the desire for greater efficiency and out put from workers and with a view to attract better workers, employers lured them into their Organisation through labour welfare measures. Further, … Read more Labour Welfare Policies

Ethical Teachings 2

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? Ethical teachings Sri Aurobindo The criterion of social development, according to most of the Western social philosophers, is the moral progress in the individuals and society. Thus ethics has been considered as the most potent method of social development.   This contention, to be fully verified and examined, requires a two-fold inquiry. First, what … Read more Ethical Teachings 2

Prepositions

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? Prepositions Prepositions are short words (on, in, to) that usually stand in front of nouns (sometimes also in front of gerund verbs). Even advanced learners of English find prepositions difficult, as a 1:1 translation is usually not possible. One preposition in your native language might have several translations depending on the situation. The … Read more Prepositions

Concept Of Public Service

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? Concept of public service Public service is a service which is provided by government to people living within its jurisdiction, either directly (through the public sector) or by financing provision of services. The term is associated with a social consensus (usually expressed through democratic elections) that certain services should be available to all, … Read more Concept Of Public Service

Agroecology

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? Agroecology Agroecology shares much in common with other approaches to sustainable farming. Agroecology is farming that “centers on food production that makes the best use of nature’s goods and services while not damaging these resources.”  Farming thrives when it works with local ecosystems, for example, improving soil and plant quality through available biomass … Read more Agroecology

MGMT PLANNING

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? FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT   PLANNING Planning is a process of determination of organization’s objectives and selecting the courses of actions. i.e. Plans for attaining them. Planning is the primary or basic management function.   Planning Process                                 Types/Dimensions … Read more MGMT PLANNING

Role Of Trade Unions

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? Role of trade unions Although trade unions look after the interests of their members, they also recognise the advantages of working in partnership with employers. This is because a successful, profitable business is good for workers and therefore good for the union and its members. f you recognise a trade union in your … Read more Role Of Trade Unions

ANIMAL HUSBANDRY AND DAIRY

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?                                            ANIMAL HUSBANDRY AND DAIRY Sustained efforts – Stabilized Primary sector  Technology in agriculture – bringing together global leaders in cutting edge technologies to aid small and marginal farmers  Drought – a thing of the past – Sustained growth in Agriculture and Allied sectors – Growth despite deficit rainfall  Soil Health … Read more ANIMAL HUSBANDRY AND DAIRY

Growth Of Vernacular Languages

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? Growth of Vernacular Languages, Scripts, Literature, Fine Arts Having discussed the origin and early development of Indian vernacular language, it is imperative to turn our attention towards production of bulk-loads of literature in each of these vernaculars by eminent literary stalwarts of successive generations. Emanating eventually in the form of poetry, each vernacular … Read more Growth Of Vernacular Languages

Rule Of Law

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? Rule of law The concept of Rule of Law is that the state is governed, not by the ruler or the nominated representatives of the people but by the law. A county that enshrines the rule of law would be one wherein the Grundnorm[i] of the country, or the basic and core law … Read more Rule Of Law

Governmental And Voluntary Institution Engaged In Development Of Manpower

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? Governmental and Voluntary Institution engaged in development of manpower NCERT The National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) is an autonomous organisation set up in 1961 by the Government of India to assist and advise the Central and State Governments on policies and programmes for qualitative improvement in school education. The major … Read more Governmental And Voluntary Institution Engaged In Development Of Manpower

Agro Climatic Zones Of India

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? Agro-climatic zones of india An “Agro-climatic zone” is a land unit in terms of major climates, suitable for a certain range of crops and cultivars. With the 329 million hectares of the geographical area the country presents a large number of complex agro-climatic situations. India is divided into 15 agro-climatic zones.The 15 agro-climatic … Read more Agro Climatic Zones Of India

Lord Ellenborough

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?   Lord Ellenborough, 1842-44   INTRODUCTION   Lord Ellenborough served as the Governor General of India from 28 February 1842 to 15 June 1844. He is credited with bringing the Afghan War to an end.  His tenure of office was marked by a successful expedition to Kabul which went a long way … Read more Lord Ellenborough

The Palas

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? Introduction After the death of Harsha and up to the rise of the Palas, the history of Bengal is not clear. During this time, West Bengal was known as Gauda and East Bengal as Vanga. Bengal was subject to internal disorder, which has been termed as Matsyanyaya. Rulers of Pala Dynasty Gopala was the elected king … Read more The Palas

Instituitional Structure

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?   QUICK REVISION: Art 4, Institutional structure for Nuclear energy:   ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION: Governing body of the department of Atomic energy It is directly under the charge of the Prime Minister Set up on 10Aug, 1948 Function: Organise research in atomic science To train atomic scientist in the country To promote nuclear … Read more Instituitional Structure

Industrial Policy

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? Objectives: To create high quality world class infrastructure facilities in the State and enhance connectivity to the National Capital Region (NCR) and other leading markets. To provide single window facilitation in the State to expedite project clearances and provide an investor friendly climate. To provide and facilitate expeditious land availability for setting Industrial … Read more Industrial Policy

Flood And Drought Occurence

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? Flood and Drought Occurrence Drought Drought is a complex, slow-onset phenomenon of ecological challenge that affects people more than any other natural hazards by causing serious economic, social and environmental losses in both developing and developed countries. The period of unusual dryness (i.e. drought) is a normal feature of the climate and weather … Read more Flood And Drought Occurence

Solar Energy

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? Solar Energy : Source, Solar heating devices, solar cooker solar cell   Sunlight is Earth’s most abundant energy source and is delivered free of charge. Indeed, the energy from sunlight reaching the land surface of the earth  is thousands of times greater than the world’s current total annual consumption of energy. Yet harnessing sunlight’s energy … Read more Solar Energy

Lunar Eclipse

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? Lunar Eclipse A lunar eclipse happens at a Full Moon, when the Moon’s tilted orbit brings it into the Earth’s shadow, which can then be seen cast onto the Moon. While not as spectacular as a total solar eclipse, a lunar eclipse is much easier to see; and a total lunar eclipse is … Read more Lunar Eclipse

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