JPSC Mains 2024 Notes
Get topicwise printed notes for JPSC Mains Exam 2024 developed by experienced faculty of PSCNOTES.One Point Solution for JPSC Preparation
painting was immensely influenced by Islamic culture. Humayun had spent more than twelve years in Persia as a refugee. He brought painters with him to India when he became the ruler of Delhi once again in 1555. Famous among them were Mir Sayid Ali and Abdus Samad who nurtured the tradition of painting manuscript. An … Read more DMPQ- Write an essay about the evolution of Paintings during Mughal period.
IRS-1A, the first of the series of indigenous state-of-art operating remote sensing satellites, was successfully launched into a polar sun-synchronous orbit on March 17, 1988 from the Soviet Cosmodrome at Baikonur. The successful launch of IRS-1A was one of the proudest moments for the entire country, which depicted the maturity of satellite to address the … Read more DMPQ- “India’s remote sensing satellite system has important role in it’s development.” Elucidate.
This committee was setup first in 1921 under the provisions of the Government of India Act of 1919 and has since been in existence. At present, it consists of 22 members (15 from the Lok Sabha and 7 from the Rajya Sabha). The members are elected by the Parliament every year from amongst its members … Read more DMPQ- Give historical background of Public account committee. Also mention the important functions performed by the committee.
The revolt of 1857 marks a turning point in the history of India. It led to far-reaching changes in the system of administration and the policies of the British government. Even before the Revolt could be suppressed fully, the British Parliament, on August 2, 1858, passed an Act for the Better Government of India. The … Read more DMPQ- “The revolt of 1857 led to far-reaching changes in the system of administration and the policies of the British government.” Elucidate.
. In 1789, the United States Constitution came into effect. It was the first written Republic Constitution. The Bill of Rights is the set of first ten amendments to the USA constitution and includes freedom of speech, press, religion and justice under the law. The American Revolution established the first democratic Republic in the world … Read more DMPQ- . Evaluate critically that American revolution brought the necessary changes in the continent.
An important reason of the popularity of Bhakti movement was that they challenged the caste system and the superiority of the Brahmanas. They welcomed the ideas of equality and brotherhood which the Sufi saints also preached. People were no longer satisfied with the old religion. They wanted a religion which could satisfy both their rationality … Read more DMPQ- Trace the popular rise of Bhakti movement in medieval India.
. Today, satellites are launched into orbit by multi-staged satellite launch vehicles that can be used only once (expendable). These launch vehicles carry oxidiser along with the fuel for combustion to produce thrust. Launch vehicles designed for one time use are expensive and their efficiency is low because they can carry only 2-4% of their … Read more DMPQ- Bring out the significance of ISRO’s successful launch of scramjet technology.
. Due to its federal character, the Rajya Sabha has been given two exclusive or special powers that are not enjoyed by the Lok Sabha: It can authorise the Parliament to make a law on a subject enumerated in the State List (Article 249). It can authorise the Parliament to create new All-India Services common … Read more DMPQ- Give the brief description of Special powers allotted to Rajya sabha by Constitution.
The British captured Delhi on September 20, 1857 after prolonged and bitter fighting. John Nicholson, the leader of the siege, was badly wounded and later succumbed to his injuries. Bahadur Shah was taken prisoner. The royal princes were captured and butchered on the spot, publicly shot at point blank range by Lieutenant Hudson himself. The … Read more DMPQ- . How did the East India company suppress the 1857 mutiny ?
The Bosnian War began in 1992 and lasted until 1995, though the cause of the Bosnian War has roots in World War II and its impact is still being felt in 2017. The war led to the deaths of around 100,000 people. It also spurred the genocide of at least 80 percent Bosnian Muslims, also … Read more DMPQ- Briefly describe the causes war in Bosnia Herzegovina.
During the fourth century BC, the Greeks and the Persians fought for supremacy over West Asia. The Achaemenid empire was finally destroyed by the Greeks under the leadership of Alexander of Macedon. He conquered Asia Minor, Iraq and Iran and then marched towards India. According to the Greek historian Herodotus, Alexander was greatly attracted towards … Read more DMPQ- How did Greek invasion affected Indian culture in 4th century?
The cost of access to space is the major deterrent in space exploration and space utilization. A reusable launch vehicle is the unanimous solution to achieve low cost, reliable and on-demand space access. Reusable Launch Vehicle-Technology Demonstration Program or RLV-TD is a series of technology demonstration missions that have been considered as a first step … Read more DMPQ- What is Reusable launch vehicle ? Trace the development of India’s reusable launch technology .
. In the following matters, the powers and status of the Rajya Sabha are unequal to that of the Lok Sabha: .A Money Bill can be introduced only in the Lok Sabha and not in the Rajya Sabha. Rajya Sabha cannot amend or reject a Money Bill. It should return the bill to the Lok … Read more DMPQ- Point out the matters where Lok sabha has more powers than Rajya sabha.
During the revolt in Delhi, the local infantry killed their own European officers including Simon Fraser, the political agent, and seized the city. Lieutenant Willoughby, the officer-in- charge of the magazine at Delhi, offered some resistance, but was overcome. The aged and powerless Bahadur Shah Zafar was proclaimed the Emperor of India. Delhi was soon … Read more DMPQ- “During 1857 revolt Bahadur shah zafar was the symbolic head of the revolutionaries.” Elucidate.
. The German Confederation was an association of 39 German states in Central Europe, created by the Congress of Vienna in 1815 to coordinate the economies of separate German-speaking countries and to replace the former Holy Roman Empire. It acted as a buffer between the powerful states of Austria and Prussia. Britain approved of the … Read more DMPQ- Trace the sequence of events led to the unification of Germany.
As a federal court, the Supreme Court decides the disputes between different units of the Indian Federation. More elaborately, any dispute between: The Centre and one or more states; or The Centre and any state or states on one side and one or more states on the other; or Between two or more states. In … Read more DMPQ- Discuss the original jurisdiction of supreme court of India.
. In the first half of sixth century BC, there were a number of small tribal states in north west India. There was no sovereign power to unite these warring tribes. The Achaemenid rulers of Persia or Iran took advantage of the political disunity of this region. Cyrus, the founder of the Achaemenid dynasty, and … Read more DMPQ- Trace the impact of Persian invasion on Indian culture in sixth century BC.
. The parliamentary control over government and administration in India is more theoretical than practical. In reality, the control is not as effective as it ought to be. The following factors are responsible for this: The Parliament has neither time nor expertise to control the administration which has grown in volume as well as complexity. … Read more DMPQ- It has been said that in parliamentary system control over government and administration is weak. Do you agree?
GSLV-D5 is the eighth flight of India’s Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV). It is also the fourth developmental flight of GSLV. GSLV-D5 vehicle is configured with its first and second stages similar to the ones flown during earlier GSLV missions. The third stage is the Indigenous Cryogenic Stage. The metallic payload fairing with a diameter … Read more DMPQ- What is GSLV-5 rocket ? point out it’s significance for India’s Space missions.
The colonial policies of the East India Company destroyed the traditional economic fabric of the Indian society. The peasantry were never really to recover from the disabilities imposed by the new and a highly unpopular revenue settlement. Impoverished by heavy taxation, the peasants resorted to loans from money-lenders/traders at usurious rates, the latter often evicting … Read more DMPQ- What are the major economic causes of the 1857 revolt ?
Mikhail Gorbachev is one of the prominent figures who are believed to have had their part in bringing the end to the Cold War. It may also be said that he is the most controversial character among them. We have seen a multitude of contrasting opinions about the motivations and consequences of Gorbachev’s statesmanship, ranging … Read more DMPQ- Evaluate critically the role of Mikhail Gorbachev in the fall of Soviat union.
Many great cultures had developed in different countries and regions of the world. Many of them have perished or have been replaced by other cultures. However Indian culture has had an enduring character. Despite major changes and upheavals significant threads of continuity can be traced throughout the course of Indian history right upto the present … Read more DMPQ- . “Continuity and change both are important features of Indian culture.” Elucidate.
Chandrayaan-2 mission was a highly complex mission, which represents a significant technological leap compared to the previous missions of ISRO. It comprised an Orbiter, Lander and Rover to explore the unexplored South Pole of the Moon. The mission was designed to expand the lunar scientific knowledge through detailed study of topography, seismography, mineral identification and … Read more DMPQ- Give a brief description of Chandrayan-2 mission. Mention why it did not complete it’s goal.
The primary function of Parliament is to make laws for the governance of the country. It has exclusive power to make laws on the subjects enumerated in the Union List (which at present has 100 subjects, originally 97 subjects) and on the residuary subjects (that is, subjects not enumerated in any of the three lists). … Read more DMPQ-. Elaborate the Legislative powers and functions of India’s Parliament.
. Ayushman Bharat is a National Health Protection Mission (AB-NHPM) a new centrally sponsored scheme was launched in 2018. This comes under Ayushman Bharat Mission anchored in the MoHFW. The Scheme has the benefit cover of ? 5 lakh per family per year. The target beneficiaries are to be more than 10 crore families belonging … Read more DMPQ-What is Ayushman Bharatyojna ? Discuss how it can change India’s health sector.
. Natural vegetation refers to a plant community that has been left undisturbed over a long time, so as to allow its individual species to adjust themselves to climate and soil conditions as fully as possible. Tropical evergreen forests are found in the western slope of the Western Ghats, hills of the northeastern region and … Read more DMPQ-What is natural vegetation? Under what climatic conditions are tropical evergreen forests develop?
At the fourth BRICS Summit in New Delhi (2012), the leaders of Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa considered the possibility of setting up a new Development Bank to mobilize resources for infrastructure and sustainable development projects in BRICS and other emerging economies, as well as in developing countries. They directed Finance Ministers to … Read more DMPQ-What is new development bank? Also mention the main objectives of the bank.
. Every ordinary bill has to pass through the following five stages in the Parliament before it finds a place on the Statute Book: First Reading An ordinary bill can be introduced in either House of Parliament. Such a bill can be introduced either by a minister or by any other member. The member who … Read more DMPQ-. Explain the procedure of passing Ordinary bills in the Parliament of India.
. The Ministry revised the rules for management of solid waste in the municipal areas after 16 years. The new rules are now applicable beyond municipal areas and extend to urban agglomerations, census towns, notified industrial townships, areas under the control of Indian Railways, airports, airbase, port and harbour, defence establishments, special economic zones, state … Read more DMPQ-. How Solid waste management rules 2016 are going to solve India’s solid waste treatment problem?
Frequent inundation of agricultural land and human settlement, particularly in Assam, West Bengal, Bihar and Eastern Uttar Pradesh (flooding rivers), coastal areas of Orissa, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Gujarat (cyclone) and Punjab, Rajasthan, Northern Gujarat and Haryana (flash floods) have serious consequences on the national economy and society. Floods do not only destroy valuable … Read more DMPQ-How does flood effects India during monsoon and how Governments prepares to control it ?
Foreign portfolio investment (FPI) consists of securities and other financial assets held by investors in another country. It does not provide the investor with direct ownership of a company’s assets and is relatively liquid depending on the volatility of the market. Along with foreign direct investment (FDI), FPI is one of the common ways to … Read more DMPQ-What is Foreign portfolio investment(FPI) ? How is it different from FDI ?
Question Hour The first hour of every parliamentary sitting is slotted for this. During this time, the members ask questions and the ministers usually give answers. The questions are of three kinds, namely, starred, unstarred and short notice. A starred question (distinguished by an asterisk) requires an oral answer and hence supplementary questions can follow. … Read more DMPQ-Discuss the major devices of Parliamentary procedure.
. National Ambient Air Quality Standards envisaging 12 pollutants have been notified under the EPA, 1986 along with 115 emission/effluent standards for 104 different sectors of industries, besides 32 general standards. Government is executing a nation-wide programme of ambient air quality monitoring known as National Air Quality Monitoring Programme (NAMP). The network consists of six … Read more DMPQ-. Explain the measures taken by central and state governments to curb the menace of air pollution in India.
. Unlike other disasters, the damages caused by earthquakes are more devastating. Since it also destroys most of the transport and communication links, providing timely relief to the victims becomes difficult. It is not possible to prevent the occurrence of an earthquake; hence, the next best option is to emphasis on disaster preparedness and mitigation … Read more DMPQ-Throw light on preparedness and mitigation procedure during and after earthquake disaster.
. Foreign Direct Investment in organized retail is yet another area shrouded in controversy. What is organized retail? Let us define retail first, it is household requirement of the people comprising of food and grocery, clothing, convenience, consumer goods, etc. Secondly, organized retailing is selling of these household commonly used goods to the people directly, … Read more DMPQ-. Explain the routes of foreign direct investment in organized retail sector. Also mention the benefits of FDI in retail sector.
. The cabinet, a small body consisting of the prime minister as its head and some 15 to 20 most important ministers, is the highest decision-making body in the formal sense. However, a still smaller body called the ‘inner Cabinet’ or ‘Kitchen Cabinet’ has become the real centre of power. This informal body consists of … Read more DMPQ-What is the concept of ‘Kitchen cabinet’? Point out the evolution of Kitchen cabinet in Indian politics.
Project Tiger was launched in 1973 for conserving the tiger. From 9 tiger reserves since its formative years, the Project Tiger coverage has increased to 50, spread out in 18 of tiger range states. These reserves are constituted on a core / buffer strategy. The core areas have the legal status of a national park … Read more DMPQ-. “Project Tiger has played an important role to multiply the tiger population in India’. Elaborate.
Tropical cyclones are violent storms that originate over oceans in tropical areas and move over to the coastal areas bringing about large scale destruction caused by violent winds, very heavy rainfall and storm surges. This is one of the most devastating natural calamities. They are known as Cyclones in the Indian Ocean, Hurricanes in the … Read more DMPQ-. Explain the phenomenon of origin of tropical cyclones.
ADR and GDR are route used by Indian corporate sector used for foreign direct investment.In the absence of convertibility, Indian companies cannot access the global capital market by issuance of shares just as they can be in the domestic market. To enable companies to access global markets, companies can issue shares, but instead of selling … Read more DMPQ-Critically differentiate between American depository receipts (ADR) and Global depository receipts(GDR).
The fundamental principle underlying the working of parliamentary system of government is the principle of collective responsibility. Article 75 clearly states that the council of ministers is collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha. This means that all the ministers own joint responsibility to the Lok Sabha for all their acts of ommission and commission. They … Read more DMPQ-Differentiate between the concept of ‘Individual responsibility’ and ‘Collective responsibility’.
Article 21-A of the Constitution of India and its consequent legislation, the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009 became operative in the country in 2010. The RTE Act confers the right to elementary education on all children, in the age group of 6-14 years, on the basis of equality of … Read more DMPQ-Discuss the importance of Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan to ensure the right of children to free and compulsory education.
The wind blows from high pressure to low pressure. The wind at the surface experiences friction. In addition, rotation of the earth also affects the wind movement. The force exerted by the rotation of the earth is known as the Coriolis force. Thus, the horizontal winds near the earth surface respond to the combined effect … Read more DMPQ-. Discuss the forces affecting velocity and direction of wind.
The significant openness which started becoming visible in the nineties intensified from 2000 onwards with a sharp focus given through the FTP has resulted in a reversal of the declining trend in global trade. However, the growth of the Indian economy in recent times has outpaced the trade growth or that trade growth has lagged … Read more DMPQ-Critically evaluate India’s export sector performance in last two decades.
JHARKHAND CM wants glimpse of J’khand on Govt buildings Chief Minister Hemant Soren said the Government buildings of the State should be constructed in such a manner that they are uniquely identified. Quality should be taken care of in the construction of government buildings. These buildings should be constructed within the stipulated time frame. … Read more 22.12.20 Daily JPSC Current Affairs
JHARKHAND Govt will fulfill minorities’ reasonable demands: Oraon Jharkhand Pradesh Congress Committee (JPCC) said that the State Government is determined to fulfill reasonable demands of the minority community. The JPCC Chief assured that the government will fulfill the demands of Quraish society including Minorities Commission, Finance Commission, Madarasa Board at the earliest. The Corona … Read more 20-21.12.20 Daily JPSC Current Affairs
. The President of India exercises suspensive veto when he returns a bill for reconsideration of the Parliament. However, if the bill is passed again by the Parliament with or without amendments and again presented to the President, it is obligatory for the President to give his assent to the bill. This means that the … Read more DMPQ- . Differentiate between the Suspensive veto power and pocket veto power of president of India.
. Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) is the research and development arm of the Ministry of Defence. It was created in 1958 by merging the units of Defence Science Organisation, which was set up in 1948 to advise and assist the Defence Services on scientific problems and to undertake research in areas related to … Read more DMPQ- Throw light on important role played by DRDO in India’s defence research.
Normally, temperature decreases with increase in elevation. It is called normal lapse rate. At times, the situations is reversed and the normal lapse rate is inverted. It is called Inversion of temperature. Inversion is usually of short duration but quite common nonetheless. A long winter night with clear skies and still air is ideal situation … Read more DMPQ- What is temperature inversion and how does it effect atmosphere?
The National IPR Policy is a vision document that aims to create and exploit synergies between all forms of intellectual property (IP), concerned statutes and agencies. It sets in place an institutional mechanism for implementation, monitoring and review. Mission Statement Stimulate a dynamic, vibrant and balanced intellectual property rights system in India to: foster creativity … Read more DMPQ- Explain the mission and objectives of India’s Intellectual property rights(IPR) policy 2016.
The executive powers and functions of the President are: All executive actions of the Government of India are formally taken in his name. He can make rules specifying the manner in which the orders and other instruments made and executed in his name shall be authenticated. He can make rules for more convenient transaction of … Read more DMPQ- . Throw light on the Executive powers hold by the president of India.