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The SNDP movement was an example of a regional movement born out of conflict between the depressed classes and upper castes. It was started by Sree Narayana Guru Swamy (1856- 1928) among the Ezhavas of Kerala, who were a backward caste of toddy-tappers and were considered to be untouchables, denied education and entry into temples. … Read more DMPQ- Write an essay on Sree Narayana Guru Dharma Paripalana (SNDP) Movement.

Opium Wars, two armed conflicts in China in the mid-19th century between the forces of Western countries and of the Qing dynasty, which ruled China from 1644 to 1911/12. The first Opium War (1839–42) was fought between China and Britain, and the second Opium War (1856–60), also known as the Arrow War or the Anglo-French … Read more DMPQ- Discuss the causes of Opium wars in China.

The importance of the Bhakti and Sufi saints lies in the new atmosphere created by them, which continued to affect the social, religious and political life of India even in later centuries. Akbar’s liberal ideas were a product of this atmosphere in which he was born and brought up. The preaching of Guru Nanak were … Read more DMPQ- Evaluate the significance of Bhakti and sufi movement in medieval culture.

The didactic nationalism of the Brahmo Samaj appealed more to the intellectual elite in Bengal, while the average Bengali found more emotional satisfaction in the cult of bhakti and yoga. The teachings of Ramakrishna Paramahamsa (1836- 1886), a poor priest at the Kali temple in Dakshineshwar, on the outskirts of Calcutta (who was known in … Read more DMPQ- Give a brief description of the Ramakrishna movement.

. The Berlin Conference of 1884–85, also known as the Congo Conference, regulated European colonization and trade in Africa during the New Imperialism period, coinciding with Germany’s sudden emergence as an imperial power. Called for by Portugal and organized by Otto von Bismarck, first Chancellor of Germany, its outcome, the General Act of the Berlin … Read more DMPQ- How did Berlin conference (1884-85) change the fate of Africa forever ?

. The Sufis were mystics. They were pious men who were shocked at the degeneration in political and religious life. They opposed the vulgar display of wealth in public life and the readiness of the ulema to serve “ungodly” rulers. Many began to lead a retired ascetic life, having nothing to do with the state. … Read more DMPQ- What are the basic features of Sufism? Trace the development of Sufism in India.

. Jyotiba Phule (1827-1890), born in Satara, Maharashtra, belonged to the mali (gardener) community and organised a powerful movement against upper caste domination and brahminical supremacy. Phule founded the Satyashodhak Samaj (Truth Seekers’ Society) in 1873, with the leadership of the samaj coming from the backward classes, malis, telis, kunbis, saris and dhangars. The main … Read more DMPQ- . Jyotiba phule’s satyashodhak samaj movement has played important role in social equality goal.

Mercantilism, economic theory and practice common in Europe from the 16th to the 18th century that promoted governmental regulation of a nation’s economy for the purpose of augmenting state power at the expense of rival national powers. It was the economic counterpart of political absolutism. Mercantilism contained many interlocking principles. Precious metals, such as gold … Read more DMPQ- “Colonialism and Mercantile Capitalism were not only related but depended on each other.” Elucidate.

Answer. Maharashtra is situated on a plateau where a large number of local dialects were in use. Marathi grew out of these these local dialects. The Portuguese missionaries started using Marathi for preaching their gospel. The earliest Marathi poetry and prose is by Saint Jnaneshwar (Gyaneshwar) who lived in the thirteenth century. He wrote a … Read more DMPQ- Give a brief description of the evolution of Marathi literature from early to modern period.

. During the late 1820s and early 1830s, there emerged a radical, intellectual trend among the youth in Bengal, which came to be known as the ‘Young Bengal Movement’. A young Anglo-Indian, Henry Vivian Derozio (1809-31), who taught at the Hindu College from 1826 to 1831, was the leader and inspirer of this progressive trend. … Read more DMPQ- Write an essay on Young Bengal Movement and Henry Vivian Derozio.

The technological history of the Middle Ages was one of slow but substantial development. In the succeeding period the tempo of change increased markedly and was associated with profound social, political, religious, and intellectual upheavals in western Europe. The emergence of the nation-state, the cleavage of the Christian church by the Protestant Reformation, the Renaissance … Read more DMPQ- How did scientific innovations help the cause of European colonialism.

. The rise of the Bhakti movement and the use of these regional languages by the various saints helped in their growth and development. We have already noted the various dialects that developed in northern and western India. Prithviraj Raso is supposed to be the first book in the Hindi language. Hindi evolved during the … Read more DMPQ- Discuss the historical evolution of the Hindi language and literature.

. Raja Rammohan Roy (1772-1833), often called the the father of Indian Renaissance and the maker of Modern India, was a man of versatile genius. Rammohan Roy believed in the modern scientific approach and principles of human dignity and social equality. He put his faith in monotheism. He wrote Gift to Monotheists (1809) and translated … Read more DMPQ- Evaluate the contributions of Raja Rammohan roy and Brahmo samaj in socio-religious field.

The capitalism possibly was grown by the technology change. Before the Industrial Revolution, the people who lived in Britain might suffer from the worse quality of living conditions. The industrialist affected the decline of the traditional handicraft. Some scientists had come up with mind and invented several new productions. Owing to the new inventions, the … Read more DMPQ- . Discuss the Social impacts of industrial revolution on Britain.

After the conquest of Delhi (1192), the Turkish people settled in this region. Urdu was born out of the interaction of these settlers and soldiers in the barracks with the common people. Originally it was a dialect but slowly it acquired all the features of a formal language when the authors started using Persian script. … Read more DMPQ- . Trace the evolution of Urdu language during medieval India.

. Because of the indefatigable efforts of the reformers, a number of administrative measures were adopted by the government to improve the condition of women. Abolition of Sati Influenced by the frontal attack launched by the enlightened Indian reformers led by Raja Rammohan Roy, the government declared the practice of sati illegal and punishable by … Read more DMPQ- Trace the steps taken by Indian Intellectuals and British governments for Gender rights in 19th century.

. Otto Von Bismarck, the architect of the German Unification, believed in a policy of blood and iron (militarism) to achieve his object. Unmindful of the resistance offered by the popular House of the Prussian Diet, Bismarck embarked on an ambitious programme of militarisation. He not only raised a large number of soldiers but also … Read more DMPQ- Evaluate the policy of blood and iron in the unification of Germany.

Apart from Telugu, Vijayanagara rulers extended their patronage to Kannada and Sanskrit writers as well. Many Jain scholars contributed to the growth of Kannada literature. Madhava wrote Dharmanathapurana on the fifteenth tirthankara. Another Jain scholar, Uritta Vilasa, wrote Dharma Parikshe. The Sanskrit works of the period include Yadavabhyudayam by Vedanatha Desika and Parasara Smriti Vyakhya … Read more DMPQ- Trace the evolution of Kannada litreture from premedieval to medieval era.

. The dawn of the nineteenth century witnessed the birth of a new vision—a modern vision among some enlightened sections of the Indian society. This enlightened vision was to shape the course of events for decades to come and even beyond. Impact of British Rule The presence of a colonial government on Indian soil played … Read more DMPQ- Discuss the factors gave rise to desire for socio-religious reforms in 19th century.

In the period 1760 to 1830 the Industrial Revolution was largely confined to Britain. Aware of their head start, the British forbade the export of machinery, skilled workers, and manufacturing techniques. Britain’s damp climate was ideal for raising sheep, Britain had a long history of producing textiles like wool, linen and cotton. But prior to … Read more DMPQ- Explain why did Industrial Revolution first occur in England.

. The Gupta period was India’s golden age of culture and one of the greatest and most glorious times. The Gupta kings patronized the classical Sanskrit literature. They helped liberally the scholars and poets of Sanskrit. This enriched the Sanskrit langauge. In fact Sanskrit language became the language of cultured and educated people. Many great … Read more DMPQ- “Gupta period witnessed some of the most prominent Sanskrit scholars.” Elucidate.

By the end of 1859, British authority over India was fully re-established. The British government had to pour immense supplies of men, money and arms into the country, though the Indians had to later repay the entire cost through their own suppression. For the British the Revolt of 1857 proved useful in that it showed … Read more DMPQ- “The 1857 mutiny however failed was not without the significance for Indians.” Explain.

On 5 May 1789, Louis XVI called together an assembly of the Estates General to pass proposals for new taxes. A resplendent hall in Versailles was prepared to host the delegates. The first and second estates sent 300 representatives each, who were seated in rows facing each other on two sides, while the 600 members … Read more DMPQ- . Trace the sequence of events during French revolution.