JPSC Mains 2024 Notes
Get topicwise printed notes for JPSC Mains Exam 2024 developed by experienced faculty of PSCNOTES.One Point Solution for JPSC Preparation
Grading and Standardization of Agricultural Products Standardization and grading are the first steps in the value-chains of an agricultural produce as it travels in a market channel to the consumer. Price of a produce has to be commensurate with quality, the assessment of which depends on a responsive system of grading and standardization. Hence, it … Read more Grading and Standardization of Agricultural Products
Personnel Law Human resource managers in the twenty-first century are faced with an unprecedented intrusion of law into the workplace. The recent rise in employment litigation and heightened awareness of employee rights in the last decade should signal to management that now more than ever, educating personnel executives in the trends and developments of employment … Read more Personal,Financial and Administrative Laws
Periodic Table and periodicity Criteria for a new element discovery Assessing if an element has been “discovered” is not a simple task. While reviewing the discovery profiles of the transfermium elements in the early 90s’, IUPAC and IUPAP set up to establish a series of criteria that must be satisfied for the discovery of an … Read more Periodic Table and periodicity
Preparation and properties of commonly used dyes Dye, substance used to impart colour to textiles, paper, leather, and other materials such that the colouring is not readily altered by washing, heat, light, or other factors to which the material is likely to be exposed. Dyes differ from pigments, which are finely ground solids dispersed in … Read more Preparation and properties of commonly used dyes
Role of information technology in environment and human health Information technology has tremendous potential in the field of environment education and health as in any other field like business, economics, politics or culture. Development of internet facilities, Geographic Information System (GIS) and information through satellites has generated a wealth of up-to- date information on various … Read more Role of information technology in environment and human health
Reviving a loss making PSU In the last seven decades, CPSUs have contributed significantly towards making India self- reliant in their respective fields. In addition to physical assets, these have developed significant competencies with regard to human resources, intellectual property, research etc. and have always served the national priorities, over narrow business interests. Following the … Read more Reviving a loss making PSU
Problem of illiteracy in India and solutions According to the 2011 Census, any person aged seven and above and has the ability to read and write is considered literate. The average literacy rate in India stands at 74.04%. While Kerala has the highest literacy rate in India at 93.91%, Bihar has the least literacy rate … Read more Problem of illiteracy in India and solutions
Speaker of the Lok Sabha The Office of the Speaker occupies a pivotal position in our parliamentary democracy. It has been said of the Office of the Speaker that while the members of Parliament represent the individual constituencies, the Speaker represents the full authority of the House itself. He symbolises the dignity and power of … Read more Speaker of the Lok Sabha
Social Media Social media is a collective term for websites and applications which focus on communication, community-based input, interaction, content-sharing and collaboration. Different types of social media are normally dedicated to forums, microblogging, social networking, social bookmarking, social curation, and wikis. Here are some examples of popular social media platforms: Facebook Facebook is a popular … Read more Social Media
Spherical Coordinates and Projections,Time Spherical coordinates can be a little challenging to understand at first. Spherical coordinates determine the position of a point in three-dimensional space based on the distance ? from the origin and two angles ? and ?. If one is familiar with polar coordinates, then the angle ? isn’t too difficult to … Read more Spherical Coordinates and Projections,Time
Family Court It is not unknown that a gaping loophole in the Indian Judiciary is the backlog of cases. The number of cases being filed in the Supreme Court is consistently on the rise. There are cases dealing with a broad spectrum of issues such as family matters and property which continue for generations. Such … Read more Family Court
Thermal power program of India More than 65% of India’s electricity generation capacity comes from thermal power plants, with 85% of the country’s thermal power generation being coal-based. The ten biggest thermal power stations operating in India are all coal-fired, with five of them owned and operated by state-run National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC). Vindhyachal Thermal … Read more Thermal power program of India
The role of public servants in disaster management Role of state administration At the state level, disaster response, relief and rehabilitation are handled by Department of Relief and Rehabilitation. The focus of this department has generally been provision of post-calamity relief, The Chief Secretary is responsible for relief operations in the state and the Relief … Read more The role of public servants in disaster management
Water supply and sanitation Issues related to water supply in India Variability in water availability India faces large temporal variability in water availability, leading to, among other issues, disasters such as floods and droughts. Due to monsoon climate in India, more than 70% of the annual precipitation takes place in a limited period of about … Read more Water supply and sanitation
Variance Variance (?2) in statistics is a measurement of the spread between numbers in a data set. That is, it measures how far each number in the set is from the mean and therefore from every other number in the set. In investing, the variance of the returns among assets in a portfolio is analyzed … Read more Variance
Water use efficiency in relation to crop production Land and water scarcity are major constraints to the production of food required to meet the quantitative and qualitative shifts of the world’s demand in the mid-twenty-first century. Whereas land and water availability are constrained on a global scale, there are important regional and crop-specific differences that … Read more Water use efficiency in relation to crop production
Work power and energy Work Work is a measure of energy transfer that occurs when an object is moved over a distance by an external force at least part of which is applied in the direction of the displacement. If the force is constant, work may be computed by multiplying the length of the path … Read more Work power and energy
Trends in Food production and consumption in India Production trends Agriculture, with its allied sectors, is the largest source of livelihoods in India. 70 percent of its rural households still depend primarily on agriculture for their livelihood, with 82 percent of farmers being small and marginal. In 2017-18, total food grain production was estimated at … Read more Trends in Food production and consumption in India
World Climate:- Climate and seasons, distribution of rain fall and climatic regions Climates and seasons Different parts of the world have different climates. Some parts of the world are hot and rainy nearly every day. They have a tropical wet climate. Others are cold and snow-covered most of the year. They have a polar climate. … Read more World Climate:- Climate and seasons, distribution of rain fall and climatic regions
WTO agreement on agriculture The Agreement on Agriculture is one of the key agreements within the WTO system. Its importance is reflected by its presence as the first Agreement annexed to the Marrakesh Agreement establishing the WTO. Market access Market access simply means the right which exporters have to access a foreign market. The WTO … Read more WTO agreement on agriculture
National Watershed Development Programme National Watershed Development Programme for Rain fed Areas (NWDPRA) is a programme subsumed under Macro Management of Agriculture (MMA) Scheme of Department of Agriculture & Cooperation which has been amended for the XI Five Year Plan. The guidelines of the revised MMA are also applicable from the financial year 2008-09. The … Read more National Watershed Development Programme
Terminology related with Sound Amplitude Amplitude, the maximum displacement or distance moved by a point on a vibrating body or wave measured from its equilibrium position. It is equal to one-half the length of the vibration path. The amplitude of a pendulum is thus one-half the distance that the bob traverses in moving from one … Read more Terminology related with Sound
State Human Rights Commission A State Commission is to be composed of a chairman and some members appointed by the Governor in consultation with the Chief Minister, Home Minister, Speaker and Leader of the Opposition in State Assembly. The chairman is to be a retired judge of the High Court; one of the members should … Read more State Human Rights Commission
The balance between individual liberty and larger social interests has been achieved in the Constitution by putting ‘reasonable restrictions’ on the exercise of this right for certain purposes viz.: ` • In case of freedom of speech and expression, State can impose reasonable restrictions on the grounds of sovereignty and integrity of India, security of … Read more DMPQ- Liberty as conceived by the preamble or the fundamental rights is not completely absolute but qualified. Comment
The major demands can be put under following head and are as follows: Constitutional Opportunity for participation in the government was one of the major demands of the Indian National Congress. It demanded Indian representation in the government. Economic High land revenue was one of the major factors that contributed to the oppression of the … Read more DMPQ- What were the major demand of the Indian National Congress during Moderate dominant era?
Police reforms is the need of the hour due to various reasons: Low expenditure: While state police forces are responsible for maintaining law and order and investigating crimes, central forces assist them with intelligence and internal security challenges (e.g., insurgencies). Expenditure on police accounts for about 3% of the central and state government budgets. High … Read more DMPQ- Why Police reforms is the need of the hour?
Warm-blooded creatures, like mammals and birds, try to keep the inside of their bodies at a constant temperature. They do this by generating their own heat when they are in a cooler environment, and by cooling themselves when they are in a hotter environment. To generate heat, warm-blooded animals convert the food that they eat … Read more DMPQ- What is the difference between Warm blooded creature and cold blooded creature?
Dual Control Commissionerate system Dual command structure over the district police means that control and direction over the police vests with the SP (head of district police) and the District Magistrate (executive). Unified command structure with the Commissioner of Police (rank of the Deputy Inspector General or above) as the sole head of the … Read more DMPQ- What is the difference between dual system of control and the Commissionerate system.
Unlike other disasters, landslides are largely controlled by highly localised factors. Landslides of different types are frequent in geodynamically active domains in the Himalayan and Arakan-Yoma belt of the North-Eastern parts of the country. Landslide hazard zonation mapping has categorized the Himalayan region as Very High Vulnerability Zone. Factors that make the Himalayan region … Read more DMPQ- Why are Himalayan regions vulnerable to landslides?
JHARKHAND State fixes maximum rates for Covid test in private labs In order to increase the number of Covid-19 tests in public interest, the State Government has fixed the maximum rates for ICMR recognised private labs conducting RTPCR (3g) single step tests. The rates have been fixed by the Government under the provisions of Epidemic … Read more 30-06-2020 Daily JPSC Current Affairs
Quantitative or General methods are those which are used by the central bank to influence the total volume of credit and money supply in the banking system, without any regard for the use to which is put while qualitative or selective measures are those which are used by the central bank to regulate the flow … Read more DMPQ- Explain quantitative tools of monetary policy taken by Central banks.
Dadabhai Naoroji, known as the ‘Grand Old Man of Indian Nationalism’, was a prominent early nationalist. He was elected to the Bombay Municipal Corporation and Town Council during the 1870s. Elected to the British Parliament in 1892, he founded the India Society (1865) and the East India Association (1866) in London. He was elected thrice … Read more DMPQ- Dadabhai Naoroji, known as the ‘Grand Old Man of Indian Nationalism’, was a prominent early nationalist. Discuss the contribution of Dada bhai Naroji.
JHARKHAND Edu dept to open 190 English med schools in U’khand In an effort to give a tough competition to the private schools, the education department of Uttarakhand would open 190 English medium schools in the state. These schools would be named after former Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee The dwindling number of students in … Read more 28-29-06-2020 Daily JPSC Current Affairs
In order to acknowledge and contain the ever-growing problem of groundwater depletion, the Indian Government introduced the Atal Bhujal Yojana (ABY) in December 2019 after getting financial approval by the World Bank in 2018. It has been launched under Jal Jeevan Mission of the government. Atal Bhujal scheme is related to groundwater usage and conservation … Read more DMPQ- Atal Bhujal Yojana.
As per Agriculture Census 2015-16, the average size of operational holding has declined to 1.08 hectare in 2015-16 as compared to 1.15 hectare in 2010-11. The small and marginal holdings (10 ha) are merely 0.57% of the total land holdings. Challenges faced by farmers due to fragmentation of land: Low productivity: Small and fragmented landholdings … Read more DMPQ- The average landholding in India is on decline. Discuss the ill effects of low average land holding.
High-altitude adaptation in humans is an instance of evolutionary modification in certain human populations, including those of Tibet in Asia, the Andes of the Americas, and Ethiopia in Africa, who have acquired the ability to survive at extremely high altitudes. People living in high altitude can inhale more air with each breath and breathe more … Read more DMPQ- What are the various high altitude adaptations in Humans?
JHARKHAND Leopard population increases in Palamu Tiger Reserve The closure of the state’s lone tiger abode — Palamu Tiger Reserve (PTR) — since March this year has come as a saviour for leopards, which are now roaming freely in the park in the absence of tourists. Wildlife experts said the increase in the population of the spotted cat and … Read more 27-06-2020 Daily JPSC Current Affairs
Fiscal deficit refers to the excess of total budget expenditure over total budget receipts excluding borrowings during a fiscal year. Fiscal Deficit = Total Budget Expenditure – Total Receipts excluding borrowings = Revenue Expenditure + Capital Expenditure – Revenue receipts – Capital Receipts of only non-debt type Implications of high fiscal deficit on economy: … Read more DMPQ- In the current COVID-19 crisis , the government is facing the issue of breaching the comfortable limit of fiscal deficit. What are the consequences of high fiscal deficit?
The union government constituted a commission under the leadership of Justice Madan Mohan Punchchi, the former Chief Justice of the Supreme Court in 2007. Th e commission also had three more members and a Secretary and presented its report in 2010. It recommended that the governors of the states must have fixed tenure and they … Read more DMPQ- Discuss in brief the recommendation of Punchhi commission.
JHARKHAND State’s Covid-19 recovery rate jumps to 75 per cent Jharkhand’s Covid 19 recovery rate has been improving and stands at 75.84 per cent now, whereas the rate of fatality has seen a steady decline to reach at 0.50 per cent, as the health bulletin issued by the Health department. While on one hand State … Read more 26-06-2020 Daily JPSC Current Affairs
The Home Rule League Movement (1916-18) was led by Bal Gangadhar Tilak in Maharashtra (excluding Bombay), Karnataka, Central Provinces and Berar and Annie Besant in the rest of the country. It was inspired by the Irish Home Rule Movement. The following were the objectives of the movement: Annie Besant demanded that India be granted self-government … Read more DMPQ- What were the objectives of Home rule movement and also mention the major contribution of home rule movement.
JHARKHAND 22K skilled labourers to be engaged in Hazaribag Hazaribag district administration has prepared the data of skilled and unskilled migrant workers, who reached here from the different cities of the country. As many as 64,000 migrant workers have reached Hazaribag, out of them 22,203 are skilled and remaining are unskilled workers. Employment will be … Read more 25-06-2020 Daily JPSC Current Affairs
JHARKHAND State to roll-out MGNREGA-like employment scheme for urban poor The Government is set to roll-out an employment guarantee scheme for urban unskilled workers on the lines of Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA). Mukhyamantri SHRAMIK (Shahri Rozgar Manjuri For Kamgar) Yojna, which is said to be the brainchild of Chief Minister Hemant … Read more 24-06-2020 Daily JPSC Current Affairs
The Governor of state, unlike the President of India, is conferred with power to act at his own discretion. There are two categories of discretion for the governor. One is Constitutional Discretion and the other is Situational Discretion. Constitutional Discretion of Governor The Governors of states can act at their constitutional discretion in the following … Read more DMPQ- What are the discretionary power of the governor?
Digital Signature Certificates or DSC or Digital Signature are being adopted by various government agencies and now is a statutory requirement in various applications. There are different class of certificates to help organization and individuals secure online transactions with legal validity as per the Indian IT Act, 2000. A digital signature is a mathematical … Read more DMPQ- What is a digital signature?
Merchant discount rate on debit cards is the amount that a merchant has to pay to its service providers when a consumer swipes her card on the merchant’s point of sales terminal. It is also applicable for online transactions and QR based transactions. The amount that the merchant pays for every transaction gets distributed among … Read more DMPQ- Merchant discount rate.
ACCREDITED SOCIAL HEALTH ACTIVIST (ASHA) One of the key components of the National Rural Health Mission is to provide every village in the country with a trained female community health activist ASHA or Accredited Social Health Activist. ASHAs are not trained to provide comprehensive reproductive (delivery of baby), maternal and new-born care. They have several … Read more DMPQ- Write a short note on ASHA worker.
Inclusive Governance covers social and economic inclusion with good governance Parts of Inclusive Governance Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) have played an irreplaceable role in fuelling the growth of the Indian economy and have made a noteworthy contribution towards supporting the government’s agenda of extending financial inclusion District Planning Committee to consolidate the plans prepared by … Read more DMPQ- What do you mean by “ Inclusive governance”? What are the components of Inclusive governance?
On May 12 GOI, announced a special economic package of Rs 20 lakh crore (equivalent to 10% of India’s GDP) with the aim of making the country independent against the tough competition in the global supply chain and to help in empowering the poor, labourers, migrants who have been adversely affected by COVID. Collateral free … Read more DMPQ- Mention the steps taken by Government to boost business under Aatma Nirbhar bharat Abhiyan.
What is the difference between “vote on account” and “interim budget”? Ans: The budget presented during the election year is an interim budget. It is a summary of expenses expected by the government in the next few months. The interim Budget helps span the transition time between the two governments, entrusting the responsibility of a … Read more DMPQ- What is the difference between “vote on account” and “interim budget”?