JPSC Mains 2024 Notes
Get topicwise printed notes for JPSC Mains Exam 2024 developed by experienced faculty of PSCNOTES.One Point Solution for JPSC Preparation
? India’s relations with china Cultural and economic relations between China and India date back to ancient times. The Silk Road not only served as a major trade route between India and China, but is also credited for facilitating the spread of Buddhism from India to East Asia. During the 19th century, China's growing opium … Read more India China
? India and Its Neighbours India has a long land frontier and coastline. It shares boundaries with Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, China, Bangladesh, Myanmar (Burma) and Sri Lanka. India has official political relations with most nations. India is considered as the world's second most populous and democratic country. Foreign policy of India has … Read more India And Its Neighbours
? Usa's hegemony and its resistance Politics is about power. Just as individuals want to gain and retain power, groups too want to gain and retain power. We routinely talk of someone becoming powerful or someone doing something for power. In the case of world politics too, countries and groups of countries are engaged in … Read more Usa’s Hegemony And Its Resistance
External commercial borrowing (ECB) is basically a loan availed by an Indian entity from a non-resident lender. They are used widely in India to facilitate access to foreign money by Indian corporations and PSUs (public sector undertakings). Most of these loans are provided by foreign commercial banks and other institutions. In the post reform period, … Read more DMPQ: What is external commercial borrowing? Who controls External commercial borrowing and discuss its advantages.
Cholas were great patron of art and architecture. Brihadeshwar temple and bronze sculpture of Nataraj are testimony to that. Cholas built many temples throughout their kingdoms. For example temple at Narthamalai, kumbakonam, etc. The major features of Chola art and architecture are as follows: Architecture: Use of local stones They followed the pallava style … Read more DMPQ:Discuss the characteristics of the Chola art and their contribution in the field of art and architecture. (Ancient Art)
Biodynamics a holistic, ecological, and ethical approach to farming, gardening, food, and nutrition. Biodynamics is rooted to integrate scientific understanding with a recognition of spirit in nature. Around the world, biodynamics is alive in thousands of thriving gardens, farms, vineyards, ranches, and orchards. The principles and practices of biodynamics can be applied anywhere food is … Read more DMPQ:What is bio dynamics? Explain its role in sustainable development and assuring farmers income. (Science)
The New Development Bank (NDB), formerly referred to as the BRICS Development Bank, is a multilateral development bank established by the BRICS states (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa). The Bank supports public or private projects through loans, guarantees, equity participation and other financial instruments. It is headquartered in Shanghai, China. The first regional … Read more DMPQ:What is New Development Bank and explain its mandate? (International organisation)
Lateral entry in civil services means recruiting personnel from the pool other than the civil service cadre and promotional cadre officers. Second administrative reforms commission, Surendra nath committee and hota committee advocated lateral entry into civil services. Advantages of lateral entry: Growing complexity in governance field like finance, administration, health etc requires specialisation in the … Read more DMPQ: What is lateral entry in civil services? Present a case for lateral entry.
JHARKHAND · Long-awaited Icha Dam construction to begin soon Pending since 1990, the construction work for Icha Dam under the Subarnarekha Multi Purpose project will finally begin. The State Cabinet recently cleared the way to starting the construction of the dam, the height of which will now be reduced from 225 metres to 213 metres. … Read more 17.01.19 Jharkhand (JPSC) Current Affairs
? Blood makes up about 8% of the human body weight. It contains erythrocytes, leucocytes, thrombocytes (platelets) and plasma. The volume percentage of all blood cells in the whole blood is about 45% of adults (hematocrit). The rest consists of liquid plasma (e.g. water, plasma proteins, electrolytes etc.). The blood is composed of: Plasma Plasma … Read more Composition And Function Of Blood
? External Respiration One method for obtaining oxygen from the environment is through external respiration or breathing. In animal organisms, the process of external respiration is performed in a number of different ways. Animals that lack specialized organs for respiration rely on diffusion across external tissue surfaces to obtain oxygen. Others either have organs specialized … Read more Types Of Respiration
? Vector borne diseases Main vectors and diseases they transmit Vectors are living organisms that can transmit infectious diseases between humans or from animals to humans. Many of these vectors are bloodsucking insects, which ingest disease-producing microorganisms during a blood meal from an infected host (human or animal) and later inject it into a new … Read more Vector Borne Diseases
? The founder of the Chola Empire was Vijayalaya, who was first feudatory of the Pallavas of Kanchi. He captured Tanjore in 850 A.D. He established a temple of goddess Nishumbhasudini (Durga) there. Aditya I succeeded Vijayalaya. Aditya helped his overlord the Pallava king Aparajita against the Pandyas but soon defeated him and annexed the … Read more 10.The Cholas
? Civilization and Culture of the Pallavas The Pallava rule formed a golden epoch in the cultural history of south India. The period under the Pallavas was marked by considerable literary activities and cultural revival. The Pallavas warmly patronized Sanskrit language and most of the literary records of the time were composed in that language. … Read more 11.Cultural Achievements Of Pallavas
? Indus Valley Civilization Indus Valley Civilization was the first major civilization in south Asia, which spread across a vast area of land in present day India and Pakistan (around 12 lakh sq.km). The time period of mature Indus Valley Civilization is estimated between BC. 2700- BC.1900 i.e. for 800 years. But early Indus Valley Civilization … Read more 1. Indus Valley Civilization
Coalitions have advantages of greater representation and restraining the government from changing policy suddenly and randomly, permitting policy stability. It helps to fuse the regional aspiration with the national government thereby diluting the sub-regionalism. It prevent authoritarianism of a single majority party rule. It can prevent the undue constitutional crisis like emergency. It helps to … Read more DMPQ: What are the advantages of having a coalition government in India?
Untouchability is prevalent in our society since ages. It is a product of the caste based society. Untouchability is prohibited and practicing untouchability is prohibited under article 18 of the constitution. Evenafter strong laws untouchability is still rampant. Inter-caste marriage is still below 5% which indicates non mingling of dominant caste and Dalits. New form … Read more DMPQ: Do you think untouchability is still rampant in India? (sociology)
The stability of FDI even during the crisis period led many developing countries to favour FDI over other forms of Short-term inflows. The Foreign Countries Investors are willing to invest in Developing countries because it allows them to seek highest returns. It also reduces the risk faced by the owner of capital by allowing … Read more DMPQ: How beneficial is FDI for developing countries like India?
: The Vedas are considered the earliest literary record of the Indo-Aryan Civilisation. It is the most sacred scriptures of India. They were meant to be mantras in praise of various Aryan Gods. The word vedas means wisdom, knowledge or vision. There are four vedas: Rig veda Sama Veda Yajur veda Atharva veda … Read more DMPQ: What are vedas? Name the vedas and its composition. ( Ancient India)
? India's role in G-20 India has emerged as an important member of G20—able to contribute and influence the reshaping of the world economic and financial order. India has an ambitious multi-pronged agenda for the G20 summit in September 2016; ranging from deploying global surpluses for infrastructure development, inclusive development, energy efficiency to global action … Read more India’s Role In G20 And G77
? India's role in united nation India is one of the founding members of the UN. It signed the Declaration by United Nations at Washington on 1 January 1942 and also participated in the historic UN Conference of International Organization at San Francisco from 25 April to 26 June 1945. India has consistently supported the … Read more India’s Role In UN And NAM
? Geo-political and Strategic development in South Asia South Asia is a sub-region of Asian continent comprising the modern states of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. It covers about 4,480,000 km2 or 10% of the continent, and is also known as the Indian subcontinent. The countries of the region … Read more Geo Politcs In South Asia
, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and or affecting India’s interests Historical Background India’s relations with the world have evolved since the British Raj (1857–1947), when the British Empire monopolised external and defence relations. When India gained independence in 1947, few Indians had experience in making or conducting foreign policy. However, the country’s … Read more regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and or affecting India’s interests
? Geo-political and Strategic development in South east Asia Over the past decade, Southeast Asia’s economic and geopolitical profile in the world has risen dramatically. Its US$2.5 trillion economy is a rare bright spot for global growth. In global international relations, it has assumed a remarkable degree of centrality due to the increasingly integrated Association … Read more Geo Politics In South East Asia
? Geo-political and Strategic development in west Asia and impact on india Geopolitically, West Asia is the most important region of the world. The strategic geographical location of the West Asia has made the region from ancient times the centre of world focus among nations and Empires as they tried to control over the trade … Read more Geo Politics Of West Asia
? The 1994 EU-India Cooperation Agreement provides the legal framework for EU-India relations. Since 2000, regular Summits have boosted political, economic and sectorial cooperation underpinned by the formation of the EU-India Strategic Partnership in 2004. At the 14th EU-India Summit, held in New Delhi on 6 October 2017, the President of the European Council, … Read more India Relations With European Union
? Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa () is the acronym for an association of five major emerging national economies: Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. Originally the first four were grouped as "BRIC" (or "the BRICs"), before the induction of South Africa in 2010. The members are known for their significant influence … Read more BRICS
? Definition of , search tools, web browsers, e-mail and search engines. IT applications: E-cards, E- shopping, E-commerce. INTERNET The is a global network of billions of computers and other electronic devices. With the , it's possible to access almost any information, communicate with anyone else in the world, and do much more. It's important … Read more Internet
? Basic element of Communication systems, data transmission mode, transmission media, network topologies, network types, communication protocols, network security mechanism. Elements of a Communication System Elements of a communication system The above figure depicts the elements of a communication system. There are three essential parts of any communication system, the transmitter, transmission channel, … Read more Network
? and application of PC software packages: definition, Type of software and its Knowledge of Word processing, Spreadsheets and Power point presentation software packages is a set of programs, which is designed to perform a well-defined function. A program is a sequence of instructions written to solve a particular problem. There are two types of … Read more Software
? India’s relations with Russia India-Russia relationship has evolved into an equal partnership. The deep roots of this relationship go back to the early 20th century when India was under British rule and the Czars ruled Russia. The Russian Revolution of 1905 inspired Indian freedom fighters. Mahatma Gandhi was also struck by the similarity in … Read more India Russia
? s, generations, applications and limitations of digital computers Computer : By Size and Power Computers differ based on their data processing abilities. They are classified according to purpose, data handling and functionality. According to functionality, computers are classified as: Analog Computer: A computer that represents numbers by some continuously variable physical quantity, whose variations mimic the properties of … Read more Classification
? Data, Data processing, business data processing, data storage, file management system and data base management systems. Data, Data Processing and management System Data processing and data management are critical components of business organizations. DATA PROCESSING Data processing refers to the process of performing specific operations on a set of data or … Read more Database
? Definition of digital computer, Elements of computer: Input unit, Output unit, Primary memory, Secondary memory and Processing unit. Computer is an electronic device that is designed to work with Information. term computer is derived from the Latin term‘computare’, this means to calculate or programmable machine. Computer cannot do anything without a Program. It represents the decimal numbers through a … Read more Computer Elements
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The US H-1B visa is a non-immigrant visa that allows US companies to employ graduate level workers in specialty occupations that require theoretical or technical expertise in specialized fields for a certain period of time. US congress has brought a bill which include the provision of recruiting more of Americans. The bill seeks to increase the … Read more DMPQ: What is H1B issue? How this issue is going to affect India? (International relation)
Foreign Direct Investment Foreign Portfolio Investment FDI is an investment made by a company or individual in the business of another country in the form of either establishing a new business or acquiring the existing business. FPI is an investment made by a company or an individual in the stock markets or debt markets … Read more DMPQ: What is the difference between FDI and FII. ( Economy)
In Hinduism, everybody is born with certain social debts which must repaid during lifetime and usually in Grihastha Stage. It is a kind of social debt. The relevance of Rina tradition lies in the fact that if Rina are paid according to Dharma one is eligible for moksha. There are following types of Rina are … Read more DMPQ: Discuss the Rina tradition of India and explain briefly various types of Rina. (Indian sociology)
The process for the appointment of judges lies at the heart of an independent judiciary. The Second Judges’ case of 1993 led to the formation of a collegium of high-ranking judges which has since then identifying persons for appointment to the SC and high courts. While the collegium began with a desire for judicial independence, the recent … Read more DMPQ: Independence, impartiality and fearlessness of judges are not private rights of judges but citizen’s rights. Ultimately judicial legitimacy/ power rests on people’s confidence in courts. In this context discuss the concerns with the collegium system. (POLITY)
JHARKHAND UP offers surplus potatoes to J’khand One of the most consumed vegetables, potato, will soon make inroads to Jharkhand not from West Bengal but from the north-west neighbor Uttar Pradesh. Uttar Pradesh’ marketing institution Horticulture Cooperative Marketing Federation (HOFED) held a buyer-seller meet in Ranchi to promote its surplus potatoes to buyers of … Read more 16.01.19 Jharkhand (JPSC) Current Affairs
Achievements in the field of Science and Tech: Physics- They knew the existence of atoms and molecules even before the Greeks. Vaiseshika School elaborated the atomic theory.Brahamagupta anticipated Newton‘s theory of gravitation by declaring that –‘All things fall on the Earth by law of nature’ and it is the nature of the Earth … Read more DMPQ:Discuss the achievements of Indian in the field of Science and technology in Ancient India. ( Ancient India)
WMO was created in 1950 as an intergovernmental organization and became a specialized agency of the United Nations in 1951. a) Its secretariat is located in Geneva, Switzerland. b) WMO is the UN system’s authoritative voice on weather, climate and water. c) Through its members, WMO provides forecasts and early warnings to nations which … Read more DMPQ: Discuss the Mandate of world meteorological organisation? ( International organisation)
Euploidy Aneuploidy It refers to the state of having a chromosomes number that is an exact multiple of chromosomes number. It refers to a condition in which one or few chromosomes are added or deleted from the chromosome number A large variation in which the amount of genetic material increases by means of chromosomes sets. … Read more DMPQ: What is the difference between euploidy and aneuploidy? ( Science)
Significance of varnashrama in the past: Significance of Brahmacharya Ashram: To illuminate one’s mind. That’s why role of guru is important. Education and process of learning became organized in the absence of organized learning. Significance of Grihastha Ashram: Ensuring continuity of society through marriage, family, kinship institutions etc. Significance of Vanaprastha Ashram: This stage helps … Read more DMPQ: Discuss the significance of ashram vyavastha. (Sociology)
The parliamentary control over government and administration in India is more theoretical than practical. In reality, the control is not as effective as it ought to be. The following factors are responsible for this: (a) The Parliament has neither time nor expertise to control the administration which has grown in volume as well as complexity. … Read more DMPQ: . Parliamentary control on government and executive is on decline. Do you agree with the statement. (POLITY)
JHARKHAND · Cabinet nod to two new medical colleges ð State cabinet approved the proposal for construction of two new medical colleges, one each in Koderma and Chaibasa. ð Under phase II of Centre’s scheme to construct medical colleges, approval has been given to establishing a new medical college in Karma area of Koderma with … Read more 15.01.19 Jharkhand (JPSC) Current Affairs
Gene Chromosomes They are located on the chromosomes. Chromosomes are the packed structure of a DNA with proteins. Genes are composed of either DNA or RNA Chromosomes composed of DNA, RNA and histones. According to Human genome project, there are 30,000 genes in the human cell. In Human cell there are 23 pair of … Read more DMPQ: What are the differences between gene and chromosomes? (science)
The Security Council has primary responsibility for the maintenance of International peace and security. The council has 15 members: 5 Permanent – US, UK, Russia, France and China and 10 members elected by the General Assembly for 2-year terms. While other organs of the UN can only make ?recommendation to member states, the Security Council … Read more DMPQ: Explain the composition of UNSC. (IR)
According to the National Crime Records Bureau, between 2014 and 2016, 26,476 students committed suicide in India. Of them, 7,462 committed suicide due to failure in various examinations. According to the sociologist Emile Durkheim had famously hypothesised that suicides are a result of not just psychological or emotional factors but social factors as well. The … Read more DMPQ: Why student suicide is increasing at a rapid rate in the recent past? ( SOCIOLOGY)
President rule can be imposed under article 356 in the event of constitutional breakdown of the state. After invocation of the article, the state comes under the direct control of the central government. Executive authority us exercised through governor, who has the authority to appoint retired civil servants or other administrators to assist him. In … Read more DMPQ: Discuss the provisions under article 356. (POLITY)