DMPQ- Critically evaluate the strategies adopted by moderate congress leaders in the initial phase of nationalist movement against British imperialism.

. The moderate political activity involved constitutional agitation within the confines of law and showed a slow but orderly political progress. The Moderates believed that the British basically wanted to be just to the Indians but were not aware of the real conditions. Therefore, if public opinion could be created in the country and public … Read more DMPQ- Critically evaluate the strategies adopted by moderate congress leaders in the initial phase of nationalist movement against British imperialism.

DMPQ- Explain how Meiji restoration paved the way for Japanese fascism.

. Meiji Restoration was the political revolution in 1868 that brought about the final demise of the Tokugawa shogunate (military government)—thus ending the Edo (Tokugawa) period (1603–1867)—and, at least nominally, returned control of the country to direct imperial rule under Mutsuhito (the emperor Meiji). In a wider context, however, the Meiji Restoration of 1868 came … Read more DMPQ- Explain how Meiji restoration paved the way for Japanese fascism.

DMPQ- . “Bengal became the centre of painting in modern India.” Explain.

. In the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries paintings comprised semi westernised local styles which were patronised by British residents and visitors. Themes were generally drawn from Indian social life, popular festivals, and Mughal monuments. These reflected the improvised Mughal traditions. Shaikh Zia-ud-Din’s bird studies for Lady Impey and the portrait paintings of Ghulam … Read more DMPQ- . “Bengal became the centre of painting in modern India.” Explain.

DMPQ- Evaluate critically that western thoughts and education played important role in the rise of modern nationalism in India.

. The introduction of a modern system of education afforded opportunities for assimilation of modern Western ideas. This, in turn, gave a new direction to Indian political thinking, although the English system of education had been conceived by the rulers in the self-interest of efficient administration. The liberal and radical thought of European writers like … Read more DMPQ- Evaluate critically that western thoughts and education played important role in the rise of modern nationalism in India.

DMPQ- . How did Kuomintang and Sun Yat Sen’s politics effect China’s history?

Originally a revolutionary league working for the overthrow of the Chinese monarchy, the Nationalists became a political party in the first year of the Chinese republic (1912). The party participated in the first Chinese parliament, which was soon dissolved by a coup d’état (1913). This defeat moved its leader, Sun Yat-sen, to organize it more … Read more DMPQ- . How did Kuomintang and Sun Yat Sen’s politics effect China’s history?

DMPQ- “Painting reached new heights during medieval India.” Elucidate.

. During the period of Delhi Sultanate, mural painting has been reported from the royal palaces and royal bed-chambers and mosques. These chiefly depict flowers, leaves and plants. During the time of Iltutmish (1210-36) we have references of paintings. During the time of Alauddin Khalji (1296-1316) we have mural painting, miniature painting (of illustrated manuscripts) … Read more DMPQ- “Painting reached new heights during medieval India.” Elucidate.

DMPQ- . “The Aligarh Movement emerged as a liberal, modern trend among the Muslim intelligentsia.” Critically evaluate the statement.

. Syed Ahmed Khan, born in a respectable Muslim family, was a loyalist member of the judicial service of the British government. After retirement in 1876, he became a member of the Imperial Legislative Council in 1878. Syed Ahmed Khan argued that Muslims should first concentrate on education and jobs and try to catch up … Read more DMPQ- . “The Aligarh Movement emerged as a liberal, modern trend among the Muslim intelligentsia.” Critically evaluate the statement.

DMPQ-Trace the significance of Lahore Congress session and declaration of purn swaraj in freedom struggle.

Jawaharlal Nehru, who had done more than anyone else to popularize the concept of purn swaraj, was nominated the president for the Lahore session of the Congress (December 1929) mainly due to Gandhi’s backing (15 out of 18 Provincial Congress Committees had opposed Nehru). Nehru was chosen because of the appositeness of the occasion (Congress’ … Read more DMPQ-Trace the significance of Lahore Congress session and declaration of purn swaraj in freedom struggle.

DMPQ- . “The Boxer Rebellion was an uprising against foreigners in China.”Elucidate.

. Boxer Rebellion, officially supported peasant uprising of 1900 that attempted to drive all foreigners from China. “Boxers” was a name that foreigners gave to a Chinese secret society known as the Yihequan (“Righteous and Harmonious Fists”). The group practiced certain boxing and calisthenic rituals in the belief that this made them invulnerable. It was … Read more DMPQ- . “The Boxer Rebellion was an uprising against foreigners in China.”Elucidate.

DMPQ- Trace the origin of painting as a form of an Art in ancient India.

. Painting as an art form has flourished in India from very early times as is evident from the remains that have been discovered in the caves, and the literary sources. The history of art and painting in India begins with the pre-historic rock painting at Bhimbetka caves (Madhya pradesh) where we have drawings and … Read more DMPQ- Trace the origin of painting as a form of an Art in ancient India.

DMPQ- Write an essay on Sree Narayana Guru Dharma Paripalana (SNDP) Movement.

The SNDP movement was an example of a regional movement born out of conflict between the depressed classes and upper castes. It was started by Sree Narayana Guru Swamy (1856- 1928) among the Ezhavas of Kerala, who were a backward caste of toddy-tappers and were considered to be untouchables, denied education and entry into temples. … Read more DMPQ- Write an essay on Sree Narayana Guru Dharma Paripalana (SNDP) Movement.

DMPQ- Evaluate the significance of Bhakti and sufi movement in medieval culture.

The importance of the Bhakti and Sufi saints lies in the new atmosphere created by them, which continued to affect the social, religious and political life of India even in later centuries. Akbar’s liberal ideas were a product of this atmosphere in which he was born and brought up. The preaching of Guru Nanak were … Read more DMPQ- Evaluate the significance of Bhakti and sufi movement in medieval culture.

DMPQ- Give a brief description of the Ramakrishna movement.

The didactic nationalism of the Brahmo Samaj appealed more to the intellectual elite in Bengal, while the average Bengali found more emotional satisfaction in the cult of bhakti and yoga. The teachings of Ramakrishna Paramahamsa (1836- 1886), a poor priest at the Kali temple in Dakshineshwar, on the outskirts of Calcutta (who was known in … Read more DMPQ- Give a brief description of the Ramakrishna movement.

DMPQ- How did Berlin conference (1884-85) change the fate of Africa forever ?

. The Berlin Conference of 1884–85, also known as the Congo Conference, regulated European colonization and trade in Africa during the New Imperialism period, coinciding with Germany’s sudden emergence as an imperial power. Called for by Portugal and organized by Otto von Bismarck, first Chancellor of Germany, its outcome, the General Act of the Berlin … Read more DMPQ- How did Berlin conference (1884-85) change the fate of Africa forever ?

DMPQ- What are the basic features of Sufism? Trace the development of Sufism in India.

. The Sufis were mystics. They were pious men who were shocked at the degeneration in political and religious life. They opposed the vulgar display of wealth in public life and the readiness of the ulema to serve “ungodly” rulers. Many began to lead a retired ascetic life, having nothing to do with the state. … Read more DMPQ- What are the basic features of Sufism? Trace the development of Sufism in India.

DMPQ- . Jyotiba phule’s satyashodhak samaj movement has played important role in social equality goal.

. Jyotiba Phule (1827-1890), born in Satara, Maharashtra, belonged to the mali (gardener) community and organised a powerful movement against upper caste domination and brahminical supremacy. Phule founded the Satyashodhak Samaj (Truth Seekers’ Society) in 1873, with the leadership of the samaj coming from the backward classes, malis, telis, kunbis, saris and dhangars. The main … Read more DMPQ- . Jyotiba phule’s satyashodhak samaj movement has played important role in social equality goal.

DMPQ- “Colonialism and Mercantile Capitalism were not only related but depended on each other.” Elucidate.

Mercantilism, economic theory and practice common in Europe from the 16th to the 18th century that promoted governmental regulation of a nation’s economy for the purpose of augmenting state power at the expense of rival national powers. It was the economic counterpart of political absolutism. Mercantilism contained many interlocking principles. Precious metals, such as gold … Read more DMPQ- “Colonialism and Mercantile Capitalism were not only related but depended on each other.” Elucidate.

DMPQ- Give a brief description of the evolution of Marathi literature from early to modern period.

Answer. Maharashtra is situated on a plateau where a large number of local dialects were in use. Marathi grew out of these these local dialects. The Portuguese missionaries started using Marathi for preaching their gospel. The earliest Marathi poetry and prose is by Saint Jnaneshwar (Gyaneshwar) who lived in the thirteenth century. He wrote a … Read more DMPQ- Give a brief description of the evolution of Marathi literature from early to modern period.

DMPQ- Write an essay on Young Bengal Movement and Henry Vivian Derozio.

. During the late 1820s and early 1830s, there emerged a radical, intellectual trend among the youth in Bengal, which came to be known as the ‘Young Bengal Movement’. A young Anglo-Indian, Henry Vivian Derozio (1809-31), who taught at the Hindu College from 1826 to 1831, was the leader and inspirer of this progressive trend. … Read more DMPQ- Write an essay on Young Bengal Movement and Henry Vivian Derozio.

DMPQ- How did scientific innovations help the cause of European colonialism.

The technological history of the Middle Ages was one of slow but substantial development. In the succeeding period the tempo of change increased markedly and was associated with profound social, political, religious, and intellectual upheavals in western Europe. The emergence of the nation-state, the cleavage of the Christian church by the Protestant Reformation, the Renaissance … Read more DMPQ- How did scientific innovations help the cause of European colonialism.

DMPQ- Discuss the historical evolution of the Hindi language and literature.

. The rise of the Bhakti movement and the use of these regional languages by the various saints helped in their growth and development. We have already noted the various dialects that developed in northern and western India. Prithviraj Raso is supposed to be the first book in the Hindi language. Hindi evolved during the … Read more DMPQ- Discuss the historical evolution of the Hindi language and literature.

DMPQ- Evaluate the contributions of Raja Rammohan roy and Brahmo samaj in socio-religious field.

. Raja Rammohan Roy (1772-1833), often called the the father of Indian Renaissance and the maker of Modern India, was a man of versatile genius. Rammohan Roy believed in the modern scientific approach and principles of human dignity and social equality. He put his faith in monotheism. He wrote Gift to Monotheists (1809) and translated … Read more DMPQ- Evaluate the contributions of Raja Rammohan roy and Brahmo samaj in socio-religious field.

DMPQ- . Discuss the Social impacts of industrial revolution on Britain.

The capitalism possibly was grown by the technology change. Before the Industrial Revolution, the people who lived in Britain might suffer from the worse quality of living conditions. The industrialist affected the decline of the traditional handicraft. Some scientists had come up with mind and invented several new productions. Owing to the new inventions, the … Read more DMPQ- . Discuss the Social impacts of industrial revolution on Britain.

DMPQ- . Trace the evolution of Urdu language during medieval India.

After the conquest of Delhi (1192), the Turkish people settled in this region. Urdu was born out of the interaction of these settlers and soldiers in the barracks with the common people. Originally it was a dialect but slowly it acquired all the features of a formal language when the authors started using Persian script. … Read more DMPQ- . Trace the evolution of Urdu language during medieval India.

DMPQ- Trace the steps taken by Indian Intellectuals and British governments for Gender rights in 19th century.

. Because of the indefatigable efforts of the reformers, a number of administrative measures were adopted by the government to improve the condition of women. Abolition of Sati Influenced by the frontal attack launched by the enlightened Indian reformers led by Raja Rammohan Roy, the government declared the practice of sati illegal and punishable by … Read more DMPQ- Trace the steps taken by Indian Intellectuals and British governments for Gender rights in 19th century.

DMPQ- Evaluate the policy of blood and iron in the unification of Germany.

. Otto Von Bismarck, the architect of the German Unification, believed in a policy of blood and iron (militarism) to achieve his object. Unmindful of the resistance offered by the popular House of the Prussian Diet, Bismarck embarked on an ambitious programme of militarisation. He not only raised a large number of soldiers but also … Read more DMPQ- Evaluate the policy of blood and iron in the unification of Germany.

DMPQ- Trace the evolution of Kannada litreture from premedieval to medieval era.

Apart from Telugu, Vijayanagara rulers extended their patronage to Kannada and Sanskrit writers as well. Many Jain scholars contributed to the growth of Kannada literature. Madhava wrote Dharmanathapurana on the fifteenth tirthankara. Another Jain scholar, Uritta Vilasa, wrote Dharma Parikshe. The Sanskrit works of the period include Yadavabhyudayam by Vedanatha Desika and Parasara Smriti Vyakhya … Read more DMPQ- Trace the evolution of Kannada litreture from premedieval to medieval era.

DMPQ- Discuss the factors gave rise to desire for socio-religious reforms in 19th century.

. The dawn of the nineteenth century witnessed the birth of a new vision—a modern vision among some enlightened sections of the Indian society. This enlightened vision was to shape the course of events for decades to come and even beyond. Impact of British Rule The presence of a colonial government on Indian soil played … Read more DMPQ- Discuss the factors gave rise to desire for socio-religious reforms in 19th century.

DMPQ- Explain why did Industrial Revolution first occur in England.

In the period 1760 to 1830 the Industrial Revolution was largely confined to Britain. Aware of their head start, the British forbade the export of machinery, skilled workers, and manufacturing techniques. Britain’s damp climate was ideal for raising sheep, Britain had a long history of producing textiles like wool, linen and cotton. But prior to … Read more DMPQ- Explain why did Industrial Revolution first occur in England.

DMPQ- “Gupta period witnessed some of the most prominent Sanskrit scholars.” Elucidate.

. The Gupta period was India’s golden age of culture and one of the greatest and most glorious times. The Gupta kings patronized the classical Sanskrit literature. They helped liberally the scholars and poets of Sanskrit. This enriched the Sanskrit langauge. In fact Sanskrit language became the language of cultured and educated people. Many great … Read more DMPQ- “Gupta period witnessed some of the most prominent Sanskrit scholars.” Elucidate.

DMPQ- “The 1857 mutiny however failed was not without the significance for Indians.” Explain.

By the end of 1859, British authority over India was fully re-established. The British government had to pour immense supplies of men, money and arms into the country, though the Indians had to later repay the entire cost through their own suppression. For the British the Revolt of 1857 proved useful in that it showed … Read more DMPQ- “The 1857 mutiny however failed was not without the significance for Indians.” Explain.

DMPQ- Write an essay about the evolution of Paintings during Mughal period.

painting was immensely influenced by Islamic culture. Humayun had spent more than twelve years in Persia as a refugee. He brought painters with him to India when he became the ruler of Delhi once again in 1555. Famous among them were Mir Sayid Ali and Abdus Samad who nurtured the tradition of painting manuscript. An … Read more DMPQ- Write an essay about the evolution of Paintings during Mughal period.

DMPQ- “The revolt of 1857 led to far-reaching changes in the system of administration and the policies of the British government.” Elucidate.

The revolt of 1857 marks a turning point in the history of India. It led to far-reaching changes in the system of administration and the policies of the British government. Even before the Revolt could be suppressed fully, the British Parliament, on August 2, 1858, passed an Act for the Better Government of India. The … Read more DMPQ- “The revolt of 1857 led to far-reaching changes in the system of administration and the policies of the British government.” Elucidate.

DMPQ- . Evaluate critically that American revolution brought the necessary changes in the continent.

. In 1789, the United States Constitution came into effect. It was the first written Republic Constitution. The Bill of Rights is the set of first ten amendments to the USA constitution and includes freedom of speech, press, religion and justice under the law. The American Revolution established the first democratic Republic in the world … Read more DMPQ- . Evaluate critically that American revolution brought the necessary changes in the continent.

DMPQ- Trace the popular rise of Bhakti movement in medieval India.

An important reason of the popularity of Bhakti movement was that they challenged the caste system and the superiority of the Brahmanas. They welcomed the ideas of equality and brotherhood which the Sufi saints also preached. People were no longer satisfied with the old religion. They wanted a religion which could satisfy both their rationality … Read more DMPQ- Trace the popular rise of Bhakti movement in medieval India.

DMPQ- . How did the East India company suppress the 1857 mutiny ?

The British captured Delhi on September 20, 1857 after prolonged and bitter fighting. John Nicholson, the leader of the siege, was badly wounded and later succumbed to his injuries. Bahadur Shah was taken prisoner. The royal princes were captured and butchered on the spot, publicly shot at point blank range by Lieutenant Hudson himself. The … Read more DMPQ- . How did the East India company suppress the 1857 mutiny ?

DMPQ- How did Greek invasion affected Indian culture in 4th century?

During the fourth century BC, the Greeks and the Persians fought for supremacy over West Asia. The Achaemenid empire was finally destroyed by the Greeks under the leadership of Alexander of Macedon. He conquered Asia Minor, Iraq and Iran and then marched towards India. According to the Greek historian Herodotus, Alexander was greatly attracted towards … Read more DMPQ- How did Greek invasion affected Indian culture in 4th century?

DMPQ- “During 1857 revolt Bahadur shah zafar was the symbolic head of the revolutionaries.” Elucidate.

During the revolt in Delhi, the local infantry killed their own European officers including Simon Fraser, the political agent, and seized the city. Lieutenant Willoughby, the officer-in- charge of the magazine at Delhi, offered some resistance, but was overcome. The aged and powerless Bahadur Shah Zafar was proclaimed the Emperor of India. Delhi was soon … Read more DMPQ- “During 1857 revolt Bahadur shah zafar was the symbolic head of the revolutionaries.” Elucidate.

DMPQ- Trace the sequence of events led to the unification of Germany.

. The German Confederation was an association of 39 German states in Central Europe, created by the Congress of Vienna in 1815 to coordinate the economies of separate German-speaking countries and to replace the former Holy Roman Empire. It acted as a buffer between the powerful states of Austria and Prussia. Britain approved of the … Read more DMPQ- Trace the sequence of events led to the unification of Germany.

DMPQ- Trace the impact of Persian invasion on Indian culture in sixth century BC.

. In the first half of sixth century BC, there were a number of small tribal states in north west India. There was no sovereign power to unite these warring tribes. The Achaemenid rulers of Persia or Iran took advantage of the political disunity of this region. Cyrus, the founder of the Achaemenid dynasty, and … Read more DMPQ- Trace the impact of Persian invasion on Indian culture in sixth century BC.

DMPQ- What are the major economic causes of the 1857 revolt ?

The colonial policies of the East India Company destroyed the traditional economic fabric of the Indian society. The peasantry were never really to recover from the disabilities imposed by the new and a highly unpopular revenue settlement. Impoverished by heavy taxation, the peasants resorted to loans from money-lenders/traders at usurious rates, the latter often evicting … Read more DMPQ- What are the major economic causes of the 1857 revolt ?

DMPQ- . Why and how did communism collapse in Eastern Europe?

Mikhail Gorbachev’s reformist policies in the Soviet Union merely served to encourage opposition movements to the Communist regimes in the Soviet bloc countries. Demonstrations became more frequent. Governments were forced to accept measures, recommended, moreover, by Gorbachev, towards liberalisation. However, these measures were not deemed to be sufficient. Hopes of freedom, long suppressed by the … Read more DMPQ- . Why and how did communism collapse in Eastern Europe?

DMPQ- Assess the reasons why the Six-Day War of 1967 was followed by the Yom Kippur War only three years later.

Israel’s stunning victory in the Six-Day War of 1967 left the Jewish nation in control of territory four times its previous size. Egypt lost the 23,500-square-mile Sinai Peninsula and the Gaza Strip, Jordan lost the West Bank and East Jerusalem, and Syria lost the strategic Golan Heights. When Anwar el-Sadat (1918-81) became president of Egypt … Read more DMPQ- Assess the reasons why the Six-Day War of 1967 was followed by the Yom Kippur War only three years later.

DMPQ- . Why and in what ways did the states of western Europe see close relations with each other after the Second World War?

The genesis of the integration process began in Europe after the World War II. In the process of planning the introduction of a new political order in post-war Europe, it was acknowledged that the key task was the reconstruction of European economies. Western European leaders realised that only efficient and effective European economy would be … Read more DMPQ- . Why and in what ways did the states of western Europe see close relations with each other after the Second World War?

DMPQ- How important was the Marshall Plan in bringing about the recovery of Western Europe between 1947 and 1951?

Between 1948 and 1951, the United States undertook what many consider to be one of its more successful foreign policy initiatives and most effective foreign aid programs. The Marshall Plan (the Plan) and the European Recovery Program (ERP) that it generated involved an ambitious effort to stimulate economic growth in a despondent and nearly bankrupt … Read more DMPQ- How important was the Marshall Plan in bringing about the recovery of Western Europe between 1947 and 1951?

DMPQ- How far the appeasement of Hitler was responsible for the second world war?

. Appeasement is most often used to describe the response of British policy makers to the rise of Nazi Germany in the 1930s. It is seen as a policy of one-sided concessions to an aggressor state, often at the expense of third parties, with nothing offered in return except promises of better behaviour in the … Read more DMPQ- How far the appeasement of Hitler was responsible for the second world war?

DMPQ- Explain why relations between the European states were so full of tensions in the early years of the twentieth century.

The dawn of the 20th century was thus a time of anxiety for the British Empire. Challenged for the first time by the commercial, naval, and colonial might of many other industrializing nations, the British reconsidered the wisdom of splendid isolation. To be sure, in the Fashoda Incident of 1898 Britain succeeded in forcing France … Read more DMPQ- Explain why relations between the European states were so full of tensions in the early years of the twentieth century.